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A clinical decision support system for diagnosis and severity quantification of lumbosacral radiculopathy using intramuscular electromyography signals

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medICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING 2025年第1期63卷 239-249页

作者： shirazi, Farshid Hamtaei Pour Parsaei, Hossein Ashraf, Alireza Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Med Dept Med Phys & Engn Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Shiraz Neurosci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Phys Med & Rehabil Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Shiraz Iran

Interpreting intramuscular electromyography (iEMG) signals for diagnosing and quantifying the severity of lumbosacral radiculopathy is challenging due to the subjective evaluation of signals. To address this limitation, a clinical decision support system (CDSS) was developed for the diagnosis and quantification of the severity of lumbosacral radiculopathy based on intramuscular electromyography (iEMG) signals. The CDSS uses the EMG interference pattern method (QEMG IP) to directly extract features from the iEMG signal and provide a quantitative expression of injury severity for each muscle and overall radiculopathy severity. From 126 time and frequency domain features, a set of five features, including the crest factor, mean absolute value, peak frequency, zero crossing count, and intensity, were selected. These features were derived from raw iEMG signals, empirical mode decomposition, and discrete wavelet transform, and the wrapper method was utilized to determine the most significant features. The CDSS was trained and tested on a dataset of 75 patients, achieving an accuracy of 93.3%, sensitivity of 93.3%, and specificity of 96.6%. The system shows promise in assisting physicians in diagnosing lumbosacral radiculopathy with high accuracy and consistency using iEMG data. The CDSS's objective and standardized diagnostic process, along with its potential to reduce the time and effort required by physicians to interpret EMG signals, makes it a potentially valuable tool for clinicians in the diagnosis and management of lumbosacral radiculopathy. Future work should focus on validating the system's performance in diverse clinical settings and patient populations.

关键词： Feature extraction Needle electromyogram EMG interference pattern Neuropathy Radiculopathy syndrome Clinical decision support system

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Three new spirocyclic terpenoids from Euphorbia amygdaloides exhibit cytotoxicity against cancerous cell lines through early and late apoptosis

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ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2025年第1期18卷

作者： Pasdaran, Ardalan Azarpira, Negar Aghdaie, Mahdokht Hossein Zare, Maryam Sheidaie, Negin Fard, Fatemeh Hajeb Hamedi, Azadeh Shiraz Univ Med Sci Med Plants Proc Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Phytopharmaceut Technol & Tradit Med Incubator Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Transplant Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Student Res Comm Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Dept Pharmacognosy POB *** Shiraz Iran

Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of three new spirocyclic terpenoid compounds from Euphorbia amygdaloides L., named Zagrosin I-III. Their structures were identified by 1D and 2D NMR (1H NMR, 13 C NMR, DEPT 135, HMBC, and HSQC-TOCSY) and LC-MS-MS spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of the isolated spirocyclic terpenoids (Zagrosin I-III) was assessed against human breast cancer (MCF-7), human fibrosarcoma (HT1080), and normal human foreskin fibroblast cells with MTT assays (24, 48, and 72 h treatments). The FITC-Annexin V apoptosis flow cytometry assays and cell cycle analysis were performed for Zagrosin I-III. These isolated compounds were identified as: (9)-8a-((benzoyloxy)methyl)-2-methoxy-4,9-dimethyltetrahydro-4H,5H-2,4a-methanobenzo[d] [1,3] dioxine-4-carboxylate (Zagrosin I), ((9)-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4,9dimethyltetrahydro-4H,8aH-2,4a-methanobenzo[d] [1,3] dioxin-8a-yl) methyl benzoate (Zagrosin II), and (9)-2methoxy-4,9-dimethyl-8a-(phenoxy methyl) tetrahydro-4H,5H-2,4a-methanobenzo[d][1,3]dioxin-4-yl 4-methylpentanoate (Zagrosin III). The IC50 of Zagrosin I on 48-h-treated MCF-7 was calculated as 1.5 mu g/mL. Zagrosin II and III exhibited cytotoxicity on 48-h-treated MCF-7 with IC50s of 14.04 and 12.50 mu g/mL, respectively. The IC50 of Zagrosin Ion human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) was 115.5 mu g/mL, Zagrosin III, 16.81 mu g/mL (48 h treatment), and Zagrosin II, 142.7 mu g/mL (72 h treatment). Zagrosin I-III exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line and human fibrosarcoma (HT1080), with the mechanism of early and late apoptosis affecting cells mostly in G0/G1 fallowed by S and G2 phases. MCF-7 had a higher rate of phosphatidyl serine exposure on the cell membrane than two other studied cells. The cytotoxicity on normal human foreskin fibroblasts was low. Zagrosin I-III can be considered an effective chemical backbone for anticancer drug development. Abbreviations: 2D NMR: Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy;API:

关键词： Spirocyclic terpene Cytotoxicity Euphorbiaceae Flow cytometry Cell cycle analysis

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Deep eutectic solvent-based extraction of rosemary leaves: optimization using central composite design and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2025年第11期49卷 4495-4505页

作者： Hashempur, Mohammad Hashem Zareshahrabadi, Zahra Shenavari, Sara Zomorodian, Kamiar Rastegari, Banafsheh Karami, Forough Shiraz Univ Med Sci Res Ctr Tradit Med & Hist Med Sch Med Dept Persian Med Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Basic Sci Infect Dis Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Med Parasitol & Mycol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Paramed Sci Diagnost Lab Sci & Technol Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Med Cent Res Lab Shiraz Iran

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a member of the Lamiaceae family with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Traditional extraction methods often require large amounts of organic solvents, decreasing extract quality. This study used deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as an alternative for extracting bioactive compounds from rosemary leaves. The effects of ultrasonic time, temperature, and plant amount on extraction were optimized. Under optimized conditions, the yield of total polyphenols was 18.50 +/- 1.65 mg GAE g-1. The DES extract showed superior antioxidant activity (88-92% inhibition) and potent antimicrobial activity against various microbial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The DES extract exhibited larger inhibition zones compared to the methanolic extract. Cytotoxicity assessments revealed no adverse effects. These findings highlight the potential of DESs as green and efficient extraction solvents for bioactive compounds from rosemary, with implications for natural products with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and therapeutic applications.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Immunoinformatic approach to design an efficient multi-epitope peptide vaccine against melanoma

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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY 2025年第1期72卷 164-186页

作者： Dehghankhold, Mahvash Nezafat, Navid Farahmandnejad, Mitra Abolmaali, Samira Sadat Tamaddon, Ali Mohammad Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Pharmaceut Nanotechnol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Pharmaceut Sci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Biotechnol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Computat Vaccine & Drug Design Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Ctr Nanotechnol Drug Delivery Shiraz Iran

Melanoma is known to be the most hazardous and life-threatening type of skin cancer. Although numerous treatments have been authorized in recent years, they often result in severe side effects and may not fully cure the disease. To combat this issue, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of melanoma. Specifically, the use of epitope melanoma vaccine, a subset of immunotherapy, has recently gained attention. The aim of this study was to create a multi-epitope melanoma vaccine using immunoinformatic methods. Two well-known antigens, NYESO-1 and MAGE-C2, were selected due to their strong immunogenicity and high expression in melanoma. To enhance the immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine, Brucella cell-surface protein 31 (BCSP31), the G5 domain of resuscitation-promoting factor B (RpfB) adjuvants, and the helper epitope of pan HLADR-binding epitope (PADRE) were incorporated to vaccine construct. These different segments were connected with suitable linkers and the resulting vaccine structure was evaluated for its physicochemical, structural, and immunological properties using computational tools. The designed vaccine was found to have satisfactory allergenicity, antigenicity, and physicochemical parameters. Additionally, a high-quality tertiary structure of the vaccine was achieved through modeling, refinement, and validation. Docking and molecular dynamics studies showed that the vaccine had a stable and appropriate interaction with the cognate TLR2 and TLR4 receptors during the simulation period. Finally, in silico immune simulation analysis revealed a significant increase in the levels of helper and cytotoxic T cells, as well as the cytokines interferon-gamma and interleukin-2, after repeated exposure to the melanoma vaccine. These results suggest that the designed vaccine has the potential to be an effective therapeutic option for melanoma. However, additional in vitro and in vivo validations are crucial to assess real-wo

关键词： bioinformatics melanoma molecular dynamics multi-epitope vaccine

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Improving spike sorting efficiency with separability index and spectral clustering

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medICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS 2025年 135卷 104265-104265页

作者： Ranjbar, Leila Parsaei, Hossein Movahedi, Mohammad Mehdi Javidi, Sam Sharifzadeh Shiraz Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Med Dept Med Phys & Engn Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Shiraz Neurosci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Dept Med Phys & Biomed Engn Tehran Iran

This study explores the effectiveness of spectral clustering for spike sorting and proposes a Separability Index to measure the difficulty of spike sorting for a signal. The accuracy of spectral clustering is evaluated using different feature sets, including raw samples, first and second derivatives, and principal components analysis (PCA), and compared to two previously published methods. The results obtained over a dataset including 16 signals show that raw samples, with an average accuracy of 73.84 %, are effective for spectral clustering-based spike sorting. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed Separability Index can be utilized to classify signals beforehand, reducing the cost and processing time of large datasets. Furthermore, the proposed index can reveal spike sorting difficulty, making it a valuable tool for comparing the performance of various spike sorting methods in depth. The proposed method has higher accuracy (up to 23 %) compared to two previously published methods, and its accuracy is aligned with the Separability Index (correlation coefficient = 0.71). Overall, this study contributes to the field of spike sorting and offers insights into leveraging spectral clustering for this task.

关键词： Spike sorting Spectral clustering Principal component analysis Separability index Feature extraction Nervous system Action potential

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Biosensors for the detection of celiac disease

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CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA 2025年 567卷 120092页

作者： Vafadar, Asma Vosough, Parisa Alashti, Shayan Khalili Taghizadeh, Saeed Savardashtaki, Amir Shiraz Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Med Sci & Technol Dept Med Biotechnol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Epilepsy Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Pharmaceut Sci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Infertil Res Ctr Shiraz Iran

Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by sensitivity to gluten, a protein complex found in wheat, barley, and rye. Gliadins, a component of gluten, are proteins that trigger an immune response in individuals with CeD, primarily affecting the small intestine's inner lining. Despite a 1-1.5% prevalence, only 24% of cases are diagnosed due to non-specific symptoms. Screening is advised for high-risk groups, including firstdegree relatives and type 1 diabetes patients. The accurate diagnosis of this condition and the assessment of the patient's response to the current treatment - a lifelong gluten-free diet - necessitate using dependable, swift, sensitive, specific, uncomplicated, and affordable analytical methods. Detecting CeD biomarkers in whole blood, serum, or plasma provides a non-invasive approach that serves as an ideal initial diagnostic step. Biosensors offer a novel and alternative way for CeD detection, began emerging in 2007, and hold promise for clinical and pointof-care applications. This review explores the use of biomarker-based diagnostic approaches for CeD, with a focus on biosensors. It delves into the progress of biosensors for CeD diagnosis, identifying trends and challenges in this evolving field. Key biomarkers are highlighted, offering insights into the evolving landscape of biosensors in CeD detection.

关键词： Celiac disease Biomarkers Diagnosis Non-invasive Biosensors

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Binding interaction of food preservatives with glycosylated DNA: In vitro assessment and computational studies

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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 2025年 1324卷

作者： Emami, Leila Hoshyar, Somayeh Bina, Samaneh Zare, Fateme Mardaneh, Pegah Haghshenas, Marziyeh Poustforoosh, Alireza Firouzabadi, Negar Rashedinia, Marzieh Shiraz Univ Med Sci Pharmaceut Sci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Student Res Comm Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol Shiraz Iran Islamic Azad Univ Dept Biol Marvdasht Branch Marvdasht Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Food & Drug Adm Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Dept Med Chem Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Med & Nat Prod Chem Res Ctr Shiraz Iran

This work aims to evaluate the interaction between sodium benzoate (SB), potassium sorbate (PS), and sodium dihydrogen citrate (CIT) as food preservatives, individually, as well as in combinations of two and three, with DNA and glycosylation DNA to determine the allowable amount of food additive consumption to mitigate potential harm to human health. Various techniques including UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, DNA amadori product formation, and agarose gel electrophoresis, were employed to observe these interactions. Furthermore, pioneering molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to gain deeper insights into the interactions between these preservative compounds and DNA. It is also noteworthy that there have been no documented biological or computational studies concerning citrate. The results revealed that all three food preservatives could interact with DNA, leading to conformational changes as indicated by increased absorption and fluorescence intensity. Both SB and PS were found to damage the DNA structure and promote the formation of DNA Amadori products. Moreover, all treatment groups exhibited a decrease in migration speed on the agarose gel, suggesting binding to DNA and alterations in the supercoiled form of DNA structure. Interestingly, the groups treated with citrate showed a smeared appearance, DNA strand fragmentation, and cleavage. Molecular docking complemented the in vitro achievement that SB, PS, and CIT could interact with DNA. DFT analysis showed that CIT exhibited the best thermodynamic and kinetic stability compared to other food additives.

关键词： DNA Glycation Sodium benzoate Potassium sorbate Citrate Simulation DFT

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Ankylosing spondylitis: special considerations and clinical outcomes in surgical management of spinal fractures, case series and analysis of twenty patients

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NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW 2025年第1期48卷 1-11页

作者： Farrokhi, Majid Reza Nazarinia, Mohammadali Eghbal, Keyvan Nouraei, Hormoz Liaghat, Alireza Motlagh, Mohammadhadi Amir Shahpari Yousefi, Omid Mousavi, Seyed Reza Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Neurosurg Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Shiraz Neurosci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Orthoped Surg Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Shiraz Geriatr Res Ctr Shiraz Iran

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a systemic inflammatory disease that involves the axial skeleton the most. It causes ascending inflammation and, thus, rigidity in the spinal column, from the sacroiliac joint to the cervical region. Spinal column deformities, besides vulnerability to trauma, alter the patients' quality of life and put their neural elements a great risk. In this study, we reviewed data of twenty AS patients who underwent spinal surgery due to trauma and spinal deformity due to AS, over 12 years in our center. Spinal radiologic indices, besides clinical evaluation of quality of life and neurologic status, were reviewed and mentioned. AS patients who were operated due to severe deformity and instability, correction of spinopelvic indices correlated with significant improvement in their quality of life and pain scores. Among those who were operated due to fracture and/or neurologic damage, clinical and neurologic improvement was significant. Spinal trauma and mal-alignment is AS, correlates with neurological compromise, and clinical symptoms such as pain and gait disturbance. Near complete correction of these indices improves patients' quality of life. Traumatic spinal fractures in AS, should be considered unstable unless otherwise proved. Meticulous surgical stabilization in such cases usually indicates.

关键词： Ankylosing spondylitis Neurological impairment Neurological outcome Spinal deformity Spine fracture

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Probiotics and gut microbiota modulation: implications for skin health and disease management

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ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY 2025年第3期207卷 1-22页

作者： Parhizkar, Elahe Vosough, Parisa Baneshi, Maryam Keshavarzi, Abdolkhalegh Lohrasbi, Parvin Taghizadeh, Saeed Savardashtaki, Amir Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Med Sci & Technol Dept Med Biotechnol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Burn & Wound Healing Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Adv Med Sci & Technol Dept Reprod Biol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Pharmaceut Sci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Infertil Res Ctr Shiraz Iran

The gut microbiota, consisting of a varied population of microorganisms in the digestive tract, is essential for sustaining overall human health, encompassing skin health. This review explored the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and various skin disorders, investigating the pathways through which gut dysbiosis may have impacted the development and progression of these conditions. We focused on the impact of gut microbiota on atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, acne rosacea, and melanoma. The review highlighted the potential of probiotics as a therapeutic strategy for modulating gut microbiota composition and, consequently, improving skin health. We discussed the evidence supporting the use of probiotics in managing these skin disorders and explored the mechanisms by which probiotics delivered their positive effects. Finally, we discussed the potential role of gut microbiota in other skin diseases, emphasizing the need for further research to unravel the complex interplay between the gut and the skin. Significant gaps remain in understanding the gut-skin axis, how microbial interactions contribute to skin disorders, and how to effectively manipulate the microbiome for therapeutic purposes. This review provided extensive research on the gut-skin axis, highlighting the promising prospects of modulating gut microbiota as a therapeutic strategy for various dermatological conditions.

关键词： Acne Atopic dermatitis Gut microbiota Melanoma Probiotic

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Dibenzoxanthene-β-lactam hybrids as potential antioxidant and anticancer agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and docking study

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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 2025年 1322卷

作者： Ranjbari, Somayeh Jarrahpour, Aliasghar Heiran, Roghayeh Sepehri, Saghi Kianpour, Sedigheh Ghasemi, Younes Shiraz Univ Coll Sci Dept Chem Shiraz 71454 Iran Shiraz Univ Estahban Higher Educ Ctr Estahban Iran Ardabil Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Dept Med Chem Ardebil *** Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Pharmaceut Sci Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Biotechnol Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Sch Pharm Dept Biotechnol Shiraz Iran

In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of (1-lactam compounds bearing 14-phenyl-14H-dibenzo[a,j] xanthene moiety attached to the N-1 position of the (1-lactam ring through a [2 + 2] cycloaddition process. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13 C NMR) spectral analysis. These derivatives were evaluated for their anticancer and antioxidant activities. The in vitro anticancer activity of new compounds was examined against MCF-7 (breast cancer), HepG2 (liver hepatocellular carcinoma), and TC-1 (mouse lung epithelial) cell lines by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Notably, compounds 4c, 4e and 4 g demonstrated significant anticancer activity against TC-1 cell line. Additionally, compounds 4c, 4f and 4 g exhibited promising levels of efficacy against the MCF-7 cell line. The diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay indicated that 4 h and 4i are more potent antioxidant agents than the Vitamin C, while 4a, 4b, 4c , and 4j exhibited moderate antioxidant capabilities. Furthermore, the docking simulations are consistent with the biological assay results, indicating that the hybrids may bind to protein targets through hydrogen bonding and other nonvalent interactions.

关键词： Biological activity Xanthene Heterocycles 2-Azetidinone

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