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Exploration of Data Scene Characterization and 3D ROC Evaluation for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

Remote Sensing 2024年第1期16卷

作者： Chang, Chein-I Chen, Shuhan Zhong, Shengwei Shi, Yidan Information and Technology College Dalian Maritime University Dalian116026 China Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland BaltimoreMD21250 United States Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China

Whether or not a hyperspectral anomaly detector is effective is determined by two crucial issues, anomaly detectability and background suppressibility (BS), both of which are very closely related to two factors, the datasets used for a selected hyperspectral anomaly detector and detection measures used for its performance evaluation. This paper explores how anomaly detectability and BS play key roles in hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD). To address these two issues, we investigate three key elements attributed to HAD. One is a selected hyperspectral anomaly detector, and another is the datasets used for experiments. The third one is the detection measures used to evaluate the effectiveness of a hyperspectral anomaly detector. As for hyperspectral anomaly detectors, twelve commonly used anomaly detectors were evaluated and compared. To address the appropriate use of datasets for HAD, seven popular and widely used datasets were studied for HAD. As for the third issue, the traditional area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of detection probability—PD versus false alarm probability, PF, (AUC(D,F))—was extended to 3D ROC analysis where a 3D ROC curve was developed to generate three 2D ROC curves from which eight detection measures could be derived to evaluate HAD in all round aspects, including anomaly detectability, BS and joint anomaly detectability and BS. Qualitative analysis showed that many works reported in the literature which claimed that their developed hyperspectral anomaly detectors performed better than other anomaly detectors are actually not true because they overlooked these two issues. Specifically, a comprehensive study via extensive experiments demonstrated that these 3D ROC curve-derived detection measures can be further used to address the various characterizations of different data scenes and also to provide explanations as to why certain data scenes are not suitable for HAD. © 2023 by the authors.

关键词： Curve fitting

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SweepEvGS: Event-Based 3D Gaussian Splatting for Macro and Micro Radiance Field Rendering from a Single Sweep

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wu, Jingqian Zhu, Shuo Wang, Chutian Shi, Boxin Lam, Edmund Y. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing and National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing100871 China

—Recent advancements in 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D-GS) have demonstrated the potential of using 3D Gaussian primitives for high-speed, high-fidelity, and cost-efficient novel view synthesis from continuously calibrated input views. However, conventional methods require high-frame-rate dense and high-quality sharp images, which are time-consuming and inefficient to capture, especially in dynamic environments. Event cameras, with their high temporal resolution and ability to capture asynchronous brightness changes, offer a promising alternative for more reliable scene reconstruction without motion blur. In this paper, we propose SweepEvGS, a novel hardware-integrated method that leverages event cameras for robust and accurate novel view synthesis across various imaging settings from a single sweep. SweepEvGS utilizes the initial static frame with dense event streams captured during a single camera sweep to effectively reconstruct detailed scene views. We also introduce different real-world hardware imaging systems for real-world data collection and evaluation for future research. We validate the robustness and efficiency of SweepEvGS through experiments in three different imaging settings: synthetic objects, real-world macro-level, and real-world micro-level view synthesis. Our results demonstrate that SweepEvGS surpasses existing methods in visual rendering quality, rendering speed, and computational efficiency, highlighting its potential for dynamic practical applications. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rendering (computer graphics)

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Reduced-Order Consensus Protocols with Pure Relative Output: Design, Existence, and Dual Results

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Ma, Yuwen Li, Xianwei Li, Shaoyuan Lin, Zongli Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China State Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China University of Virginia Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

This paper studies reduced-order dynamic consensus protocols for homogeneous linear multi-agent systems using pure relative output information. By applying H∞ control theory, a separation principle-like method with an additional small-gain constraint is proposed for designing an (nx-nu)th order protocol, where nx and nu are the numbers of states and inputs of each agent, respectively. Existence conditions for the protocol are then systematically discussed from the graph, low gain and high gain perspectives, respectively. It is revealed that the protocol always exists and can be found by the proposed design method for three cases: 1) directed acyclic networks, 2) agents with all eigenvalues in the closed left-half complex plane and 3) agents of minimum phase. Another reduced-order protocol of (nx - ny)th order is further discussed through duality. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Robust control

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Cross-Modality Person Re-Identification based on Shared Feature Attention Aggregation Algorithm 13

Cross-Modality Person Re-Identification based on Shared Feat...

引用

13th International Conference on Information Science and Technology, ICIST 2023

作者： Wang, Jiong Zhang, Nian Xie, Linjuan Xiong, Jiang Song, XiaoLing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Control of Chongqing Municipal Institutions of Higher Education Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing40044 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of the District of Columbia WashingtonDC20008 United States College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing40044 China College of Computer Science and Engineerings Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing40044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313925

Person re-identification in the visible-infrared spectrum (VI-ReID) is a challenging task due to significant difference of modalities, making it difficult to extract salient features across modalities. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel Cross-Modality Shared Feature Attention Aggregation algorithm (cm-SFAA) for VI-ReID. In the cm-SFAA approach, we first design a Random Channel Alternation Erasure Network to better learn robust features against occlusions and noise, as well as diverse feature representations under different channel combinations. This enhances the generalization ability of the model. Furthermore, a Local Feature Aggregation module is introduced in cm-SFAA, which utilizes an adaptive weighting mechanism to aggregate features from different levels and domains, thereby improving the performance of the model. Extensive experiments on two mainstream datasets SYSU-MM01 and RegDB show that cm-SFAA outperforms several baseline methods and acquires state-of-the-art performance. The source code of our proposed cm-SFAA is available at https://***/wdqlndl/cm-SFAA. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： computer vision

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Imaging Interiors: An Implicit Solution to Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering Problems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Luo, Ziyuan Shi, Boxin Li, Haoliang Wan, Renjie Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science Peking University China National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology School of Computer Science Peking University China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering Problems (EISP) have gained wide applications in computational imaging. By solving EISP, the internal relative permittivity of the scatterer can be non-invasively determined based on the scattered electromagnetic fields. Despite previous efforts to address EISP, achieving better solutions to this problem has remained elusive, due to the challenges posed by inversion and discretization. This paper tackles those challenges in EISP via an implicit approach. By representing the scatterer’s relative permittivity as a continuous implicit representation, our method is able to address the low-resolution problems arising from discretization. Further, optimizing this implicit representation within a forward framework allows us to conveniently circumvent the challenges posed by inverse estimation. Our approach outperforms existing methods on standard benchmark datasets. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electromagnetic fields

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Three-Dimensional Nuclei Synthesis for Fluorescence Microscopy Image Analysis

Three-Dimensional Nuclei Synthesis for Fluorescence Microsco...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Liming Wu Alain Chen Paul Salama Kenneth W. Dunn Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indiana USA Division of Nephrology School of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA

Three-dimensional tissue cytometry is an important technique for quantitative analysis of cell structures in large fluorescence microscopy volumes. Accurate nuclei detection and segmentation is an important step for 3D tissue cytometry. Deep learning methods have shown promising results for nuclei detection and segmentation. However, manually annotating ground truth for training deep learning methods is labor-intensive and not practical for large 3D volumes. In this paper, we propose a 3D nuclei synthesis method, known as 3DSpCycleGAN, for generating 3D ground truth volumes along with corresponding synthetic microscopy volumes. Experimental results using fluorescence microscopy volumes demonstrate that our method generates more realistic 3D volumes when evaluated both visually and quantitatively than previously reported. We also show that using the synthetic volumes generated by 3DSpCycleGAN as training data improves segmentation accuracy for deep learning segmentation techniques.

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Smooth Attention for Deep Multiple Instance Learning: Application to CT Intracranial Hemorrhage Detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Yunan Castro-Macías, Francisco M. Morales-Álvarez, Pablo Molina, Rafael Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. Image and Video Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University United States Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Granada Spain Department of Statistics and Operations Research University of Granada Spain University of Granada Spain

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely applied to medical imaging diagnosis, where bag labels are known and instance labels inside bags are unknown. Traditional MIL assumes that instances in each bag are independent samples from a given distribution. However, instances are often spatially or sequentially ordered, and one would expect similar diagnostic importance for neighboring instances. To address this, in this study, we propose a smooth attention deep MIL (SA-DMIL) model. Smoothness is achieved by the introduction of first and second order constraints on the latent function encoding the attention paid to each instance in a bag. The method is applied to the detection of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) on head CT scans. The results show that this novel SA-DMIL: (a) achieves better performance than the non-smooth attention MIL at both scan (bag) and slice (instance) levels;(b) learns spatial dependencies between slices;and (c) outperforms current state-of-the-art MIL methods on the same ICH test set. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diagnosis

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STAR-RIS Enhanced Covert Communication with Delay Constraint

STAR-RIS Enhanced Covert Communication with Delay Constraint

引用

2023 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China, ICCC 2023

作者： Cheng, Beixi Hu, Jinsong Chen, Youjia Shu, Feng Chen, Zhizhang David Fuzhou University College of Physics and Information Engineering Fujian Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information Fuzhou350108 China Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing210094 China Hainan University School of Information and Communication Engineering Haikou570228 China Dalhousie University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345384

This work confirms the performance gain achieved by deploying a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) in covert communication. To maximize the system covert rate, we jointly optimize the power allocation coefficients at the transmitter and the transmission and reflection coefficients at the STAR-RIS, subject to the delay-constrained and power-constrained. Furthermore, we propose a two-stage alternating optimization algorithm based on the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) method to derive the optimal solutions to the above non-convex optimization problem. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm and STAR-RIS-assisted covert scheme are demonstrated by the numerical results. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convex optimization

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Robots Taking Initiative in Collaborative Object Manipulation: Lessons from Physical Human-Human Interaction

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Rysbek, Zhanibek Oh, Ki Hwan Shervedani, Afagh Mehri Klemenčič, Timotej Žefran, Miloš Di Eugenio, Barbara Robotics Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States Laboratory of Robotics Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Slovenia Natural Language Processing Lab Department of Computer Science The University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States

Physical Human-Human Interaction (pHHI) involves the use of multiple sensory modalities. Studies of communication through spoken utterances and gestures are well established, but communication through force signals is not well understood. In this paper, we focus on investigating the mechanisms employed by humans during the negotiation through force signals, and how the robot can communicate task goals, comprehend human intent, and take the lead as needed. To achieve this, we formulate a task that requires active force communication and propose a taxonomy that extends existing literature. Also, we conducted a study to observe how humans behave during collaborative manipulation tasks. An important contribution of this work is the novel features based on force-kinematic signals that demonstrate predictive power to recognize symbolic human intent. Further, we show the feasibility of developing a real-time intent classifier based on the novel features and speculate the role it plays in high-level robot controllers for physical Human-Robot Interaction (pHRI). This work provides important steps to achieve more human-like fluid interaction in physical co-manipulation tasks that are applicable and not limited to humanoid, assistive robots, and human-in-the-loop automation. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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On the Impact of Spatial Mode Dispersion for Strongly-Coupled Multicore Fiber Submarine Transmission

On the Impact of Spatial Mode Dispersion for Strongly-Couple...

引用

2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023

作者： Sun, Lin Chen, Bin Liu, Gordon Ning Cai, Yi Li, Zhaohui Lu, Chao Shen, Gangxiang Soochow University Suzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Network Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering Suzhou215006 China Hefei University of Technology School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips School of Electronics and Information Technology Guangzhou511400 China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Photonics Research Center Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Kowloon Hung Hom Hong Kong

Strongly-coupled multicore fibers exhibit the improved tolerance to fiber non-linearity. Their potentials in optical submarine communications are investigated with considering the coupling length and spatial mode disp... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171180

关键词： Submarines

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