We describe an interactive video-on-demand (VoD) service, which supports VCR-like functions. It consists of two parts. The first part is a database, which contains the information concerning the videos. This informati...
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We describe an interactive video-on-demand (VoD) service, which supports VCR-like functions. It consists of two parts. The first part is a database, which contains the information concerning the videos. This information is published on an Intranet Web. The second part is the actual video distribution using the client server model. The architecture combines network manipulation of high level and a modular system of pluggable components which provides adjustability to the needs of the user.
Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), proposed by Said and Pearlman [1996], is generally regarded as a very efficient wavelet-based still image compression scheme. The algorithm uses an efficient, joint scan...
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Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), proposed by Said and Pearlman [1996], is generally regarded as a very efficient wavelet-based still image compression scheme. The algorithm uses an efficient, joint scanning and bit-allocation mechanism for quantizing the scalar wavelet coefficients, and produces a perfectly embedded bitstream. This work extends set partitioning to scan vectors of wavelet coefficients, and uses successive refinement VQ techniques such as multistage and tree-structured VQ, to quantize several wavelet coefficients at once. The new scheme is named VSPIHT (Vector SPIHT). Coding results are presented to demonstrate that the vector-based approach (without arithmetic coding) surpasses the scalar counterpart (also without arithmetic coding), in the mean-squared-error sense, for most images at low bitrates. The superiority of the vector-based approach is more pronounced for images that are generally regarded as difficult to code (such as Barbara) because of a large amount of detail.
When trying to record a foetal ECG (FECG), one of the main problems is the interference from the maternal ECG (MECG). Three algorithms for eliminating maternal ECG are compared. Two adaptive filtering techniques, LMS ...
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When trying to record a foetal ECG (FECG), one of the main problems is the interference from the maternal ECG (MECG). Three algorithms for eliminating maternal ECG are compared. Two adaptive filtering techniques, LMS (least mean square) and RLS (recursive least squares), are compared to a new algorithm that uses the blind source separation (BSS) theorem to separate the FECG from signals that are recorded with a lot of MECG interference. Simulation studies were first performed. Two independent ECG signals (sources) were simulated; one was considered as the MECG while the other was the FECG. By mixing the two sources with various channels, the algorithms were checked and compared. The algorithms were tested on real data as well as that taken from DAISY (the DAtabase for the Identification of SYstems). Conclusions concerning the mixing system were drawn both from the real data and from the simulation experiments.
A novel integrated system is developed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video camera. A modified Shape from Shading (SFS) technique...
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A novel integrated system is developed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video camera. A modified Shape from Shading (SFS) technique using perspective projection and camera calibration is then used to extract accurate 3D information from a sequence of 2D images of the jaw. A novel technique for 3D data registration using Grid Closest Point (GCP) transform and genetic algorithms (GA) is used to register the output of the SFS stage. Triangulization is then performed, and a solid 3D model is obtained via a rapid prototype machine. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a model-based vision system for orthodontics that will replace traditional approaches and can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, surgical simulation and implant purposes.
We convert a constant modulus (CM) array into a robust smart antenna by modifying the error criterion to be a weighted sum of conventional CM array error and decision-directed equalization error. The new error criteri...
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We convert a constant modulus (CM) array into a robust smart antenna by modifying the error criterion to be a weighted sum of conventional CM array error and decision-directed equalization error. The new error criterion enables the CM array to (1) separate digital cochannel signals with multipath and inter-symbol interference and (2) track fading signals. The key contribution is that the modified error criterion adds phase sensitivity to the otherwise phase insensitive CM error criterion. We present computer simulations to show the signal tracking properties of the CM array using the modified error criterion in a fading environment.
Errors caused by loss of coded data can seriously affect an H.263 decoded image sequence. Several scenarios may occur that include: (1) loss of macroblocks in I or P frames, and (2) loss of motion vectors of macrobloc...
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Errors caused by loss of coded data can seriously affect an H.263 decoded image sequence. Several scenarios may occur that include: (1) loss of macroblocks in I or P frames, and (2) loss of motion vectors of macroblocks in P frames. The missing macroblocks in I and P frames can be reasonably reconstructed by exploiting the correlation between adjacent macroblocks. Existing methods which reconstruct the motion vector of a macroblock rely on existing motion vectors of surrounding macroblocks, and the results are not always satisfactory. A novel reconstruction technique for restoration of macroblocks with missing motion vectors is proposed. This method exploits the image continuity inside and across the borders of the macroblocks. Simulation results indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is good, both subjectively and objectively.
A new lossless image compression method for progressive-resolution transmission of color images is proposed. It is based on spatial and spectral transforms. Reversible wavelet transforms are performed across the red, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818688211
A new lossless image compression method for progressive-resolution transmission of color images is proposed. It is based on spatial and spectral transforms. Reversible wavelet transforms are performed across the red, green, and blue color components first. Then adaptive spectral transforms are applied to the associated color subbands. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can achieve bit rates that are about 20% lower than results obtained with comparable lossless image compression techniques supporting progressive-resolution transmission.
A fixed filter may be converted into an adaptive filter with a single adaptation parameter through the use of a new adaptive heterodyne filter (AHF) concept in which the frequency of the heterodyne signal is adjusted ...
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A fixed filter may be converted into an adaptive filter with a single adaptation parameter through the use of a new adaptive heterodyne filter (AHF) concept in which the frequency of the heterodyne signal is adjusted thereby translating the entire filter transfer function in frequency. If the fixed filter is selected to be a very narrow-band band-pass filter, the new AHF concept can be used very effectively in the elimination of narrow band interference in wide-band communications or control systems. A specific example of the removal of a slow-moving time-varying mechanical resonance from the control signal for a flight control system demonstrates the power of the new AHF concept.
This paper introduces the concept of cross-positivity for vector fields and explores ramifications of cross-positivity relative to solutions of ordinary differential equations. The motivation is to understand the dyna...
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A signal-to-noise ratio based PCA approach, called maximum noise fraction (MNF) transformation or noise adjusted principal components (NAPC) transform PCA was previously developed to arrange principal components in de...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780344030
A signal-to-noise ratio based PCA approach, called maximum noise fraction (MNF) transformation or noise adjusted principal components (NAPC) transform PCA was previously developed to arrange principal components in decreasing order of image quality rather than data variance as done for PCA. One of major disadvantages of this approach is that the noise covariance matrix must be estimated accurately from the data a priori. Another is that the factor of interference is not taken into account in MNF or NAPC where the effect of interference tends to be more serious than noise in hyperspectral images. In this paper, these two problems are addressed by considering the interference as a separate unwanted signal source from which an interference rejection approach to noise adjusted principal components transform (IRNAPC) can be developed in a similar manner that the NAPC was derived. It is shown that if interference is taken care of properly, IRNAPC significantly improves NAPC. Additionally, interference annihilation also improves the estimation of the noise covariance matrix.
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