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Image and Video Processing 1993

作者： Yu, Tian-Hu Mitra, S.K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

In direct methods of contrast enhancement, a contrast measure is first defined, which is then modified by a mapping function to generate the pixel value of the enhanced image. Various mapping functions such as the square root function, the exponential function, etc., have been introduced for the contrast measure modification. However, these functions do not produce satisfactory contrast enhancement results and are usually sensitive to noise and digitization effects. In addition, they are computationally complex from the point of view of implementation. In this paper, we propose a simple polynomial mapping function for the contrast measure modification. The polynomial function is easy to implement on digital computers and provides very satisfactary contrast enhancement. We also introduce an adaptive clipping technique to control the dynamic range of the output image. © 1993 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Exponential functions

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A higher radix FFT FPGA implementation suitable for OFDM systems

A higher radix FFT FPGA implementation suitable for OFDM sys...

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2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2011

作者： Jaber, Marwan A. Massicotte, Daniel Achouri, Youssef Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Laboratory of Signal and System Integrations Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781457718458

This article describes a new approach for higher radix butterflies suitable for pipeline implementation. Based on the butterfly computation introduced by Cooley-Tukey [1], we will introduce a novel approach for the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) factorization, by redefining the butterfly computation, which is more suitable for efficient VLSI implementation. The proposed factorization motivated us to present a new concept of a radix-r Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), in which the radix-r butterfly computation concept was formulated as composite engines to implement each of the butterfly computations. This concept enables the radix r butterfly-processing element (BPE) to be designed by maintaining only one complex value multiplier in the butterfly critical path for any given r [2]. Algorithmic description and performance of low complexity FFT methods are considered in this paper where the speed and accuracy evaluation of the proposed method in fixed point is also elaborated. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Factorization

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Digital processing of color images

Digital processing of color images

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Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display 1989

作者： Mitra, Sanjit K. Zarrinnaal, Iraj Wang, Yao Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

Digital processing of black and white images has received most attention during the last 25 years, and has led to various algorithms for the enhancement, smoothing, and zooming of images. Due to the decreasing cost and increasing availability of color image acquisition and display equipment along with the computing systems of higher performance, it is expected that the digital processing of color images will rapidly grow in demand. In this paper we review our experiences with the processing of color images. In particular, algorithms for the contrast enhancement, smoothing and zooming of color images are investigated. The effects of applying these methods in color coordinates other than RGB are examined and considerations with respect to performance, time efficiency and compatibility with some popular algorithms developed for monochrome images are discussed. © 1989 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

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Deciphering gunshot recordings

Deciphering gunshot recordings

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AES 33rd International Conference: Audio Forensics-Theory and Practice

作者： Maher, Robert C. Shaw, Steven R. Digital Audio Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Montana State University Bozeman MT United States

Audio gunshot recordings can be helpful for crime scene reconstruction, estimation of the shooter's location and orientation, and verification of eyewitness accounts. The audio evidence can include the muzzle blast, the shock wave signature if the projectile is traveling at supersonic speed, and possibly even the characteristic sound of the firearm's mechanical action if the recording is obtained close to the shooting position. To investigate the acoustical phenomena associated with gunshot evidence, a systematic set of rifle shots were made from distances ranging from 10 meters to nearly 800 meters away from the recording microphone. This paper summarizes the primary acoustical evidence derived from these recorded gunshots, and suggests several strengths and weaknesses of gunshot analysis for forensic purposes.

关键词： Shock waves

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An Efficient Successive Cancellation Polar Decoder Based on New Folding Approaches 12

An Efficient Successive Cancellation Polar Decoder Based on ...

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2017 IEEE 12th International Conference on ASIC

作者： Xiao Liang Yechao She Harish Vangala Xiaohu You Chuan Zhang Emanuele Viterbo Lab of Efficient Architectures for Digital-communication and Signal-processing(LEADS) National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering HKUST Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066261;9781509066254

In this paper,an efficient successive cancellation(SC) polar decoder based on new folding approaches is *** main approach of this paper is called k-level decomposition with 2 *** k and p,the derived architecture can have a very low processing complexity with proper combinations of decomposition method and folding *** to state-of-the-art designs,hardware utilization ratio(HUR) of processing elements can be drastically improved with small latency ***,the memory complexity remains ***,decomposition and folding operations can also be applied to a family of hybrid polar *** validate efficiency of these approaches,two folded SC decoders with N = 64 and 1024 respectively are implemented with Altera Stratix V *** two demos require only 68.3% and 39.1%ALMs,compared to the non-decomposed SC decoder.

关键词： Polar code SC decoder k-level decomposition folding technique VLSI implementation

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A PIPELINED RECURSIVE RESIDUE NUMBER SYSTEM DIGITAL-FILTER

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 1984年第4期31卷 415-417页

作者： SODERSTRAND, MA SINHA, B Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA IBM Corporation Boca Raton FL USA University of California Davis CA USA

The well-known advantages of pipelining as applied to Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Residue Number System (RNS) arithmetic digital filters is extended to the important area of Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) digital filters through a new technique based on augmentation of the IIR transfer function. Through this technique, pipelined IIR filters based on RNS Read-Only-Memory (ROM) table look-up techniques can be designed which offer throughput rates equal to the table look-up time of the ROM's. This high-speed realization can be achieved even though the recursive filter algorithm requires multiple delays in realizing the output of the filter. For the example of a typical second-order IIR filter, the pipelined structure represents a five-fold increase in speed over standard techniques. Higher order realizations will yield proportionately higher speed improvements. Although the new technique does increase somewhat the hardware complexity of the filter, the increase in speed will often justify the additional hardware. The paper discusses the basic technique, stability considerations, and hardware realizations.

关键词： Digital filters IIR filters Finite impulse response filter Hardware Read only memory Pipeline processing Digital arithmetic Transfer functions Throughput Delay

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signal classification through multifractal analysis and complex domain neural networks

Signal classification through multifractal analysis and comp...

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IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics

作者： W. Kinsner V. Cheung K. Cannons J. Pear T. Martin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Data Compression Laboratory Department of Psychology University of Manitoba Winnipeg MAN Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0769519865

This paper describes a system capable of classifying stochastic, self-affine, nonstationary signals produced by nonlinear systems. The classification and analysis of these signals is important because they are generated by many real-world processes. The first stage of the signal classification process entails the transformation of the signal into the multifractal dimension domain, through the computation of the variance fractal dimension trajectory (VFDT). Features can then be extracted from the VFDT using a Kohonen self-organizing feature map. The second stage involves the use of a complex domain neural network and a probabilistic neural network to determine the class of a signal based on these extracted features. The results of this paper show that these techniques can be successful in creating a classification system which can obtain correct classification rates of about 87% when performing classification of such signals without knowing the number of classes.

关键词： Pattern classification Fractals signal analysis Neural networks signal processing Marine animals Stochastic systems Nonlinear systems Sampling methods Data compression

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Image compression with singularity preservation

Image compression with singularity preservation

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Canadian Conference on electrical and computer engineering (CCECE)

作者： A. Langi W. Kinsner Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Data Compression Laboratory and TRLabs University of Manitoba Winnipeg MAN Canada

This paper presents a new approach to lossy image compression through singularity preservation to obtain high compression ratios. The concept of this approach is based on a conjecture that image singularities carry most of the perceptual information, hence the essential part of an image should be represented by its singularity as opposed to its energy alone. Wavelet maxima have been chosen to represent signal singularity because of their ability to characterize image singularity fully. There are algorithms to reconstruct the original image faithfully from wavelet maxima. A compression scheme can then be designed to reduce the bit rate while preserving singularities. The resulting low bit-rate image has sharp edges without distortions, such as blockiness or blurs. This approach has been used to compress aerial ortho images, in which the perceptual quality of a 27 peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) singularity-preserving image outperforms that of a 30 dB PSNR energy-preserving joint-photographic expert group (JPEG) image at a 15:1 compression ratio.

关键词： Image coding Image reconstruction PSNR Pixel Humans Transform coding Wavelet transforms Image storage Data compression Laboratories

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IDENTIFIABILITY OF A SET OF QUADRATIC EQUATIONS WITH UNKNOWN COEFFICIENTS

IDENTIFIABILITY OF A SET OF QUADRATIC EQUATIONS WITH UNKNOWN...

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INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS ( ISCAS 92 )

作者： TONG, L YU, S LIU, R Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown 26506 WV United States Laboratory for Image and Signal Analysis(LISA) Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame 46556 IN United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780305930

In this paper, the motivation for studying the simultaneous quadratic equations with unknown coefficients is first presented. Its indeterminacy and identifiability are considered. A main lemma and three theorems are then presented. A comparison with the well known simultaneous diagonalization problem is also given. © 1992 IEEE.

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signal classification through multifractal analysis and complex domain neural networks

Signal classification through multifractal analysis and comp...

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Canadian Conference on electrical and computer engineering (CCECE)

作者： V. Cheung K. Cannons W. Kinsner J. Pear Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Data Compression Laboratory Department of Psychology University of Manitoba Winnipeg MAN Canada

关键词： Pattern classification Fractals signal analysis Neural networks signal processing Marine animals Stochastic systems Nonlinear systems Feature extraction Data compression

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