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2012 3rd IEEE/IET International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing, ICALIP 2012

作者： Trawicki, Marek B. Johnson, Michael T. Ji, An Osiejuk, Tomasz S. Marquette University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Speech and Signal Processing Laboratory P. O. Box 1881 Milwaukee WI 53201-1881 United States Adam Mickiewicz University Department of Behavioural Ecology Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznán Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301718

Multichannel fusion strategies are presented for the distributed microphone recognition environment, for the task of song-type recognition in a multichannel songbird dataset. The signals are first fused together based on various heuristics, including their amplitudes, variances, physical distance, or squared distance, before passing the enhanced single-channel signal into the speech recognition system. The intensity-weighted fusion strategy achieved the highest overall recognition accuracy of 94.4%. By combining the noisy distributed microphone signals in an intelligent way that is proportional to the information contained in the signals, speech recognition systems can achieve higher recognition accuracies. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Self-sorting FFT method eliminating trivial multiplication and suitable for embedded DSP processor

Self-sorting FFT method eliminating trivial multiplication a...

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Annual IEEE Northeast Workshop on Circuits and Systems (NEWCAS)

作者： Marwan A. Jaber Daniel Massicotte Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Laboratory of Signal and System Integrations Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Canada

The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is a mathematical procedure at the core of processing inside a Digital signal Processor. Speed and low complexity are crucial in the FFT process; they can be achieved by avoiding trivial multiplications through a proper handling of the input/output data and the twiddle factors. Accordingly, this paper presents an innovative approach for handling the input/output data efficiently by avoiding trivial multiplications. This approach consists of a simple mapping of the three indices (FFT stage, butterfly and element) to the addresses of the input/output data with their corresponding coefficient multiplier. A self-sorting algorithm that reduces the amount of memory accesses to the coefficient multipliers' memory can also reduce the computational load by avoiding all trivial multiplications. Compared with the most-recent work [5], performance evaluation in terms of the number of cycles on the general-purpose TMS320C6416 DSP shows a reduction of 29% (FFT of size 4096) and a 50% memory reduction to stock twiddle factors. The algorithm has also shown a speed gain of 24% on the FFTW platform for a FFT of size 4096.

关键词： Digital signal processing Clocks Memory management Performance evaluation Benchmark testing Discrete Fourier transforms Equations

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A two-piece R-D model for hybrid video coding and its application in fast mode decision

A two-piece R-D model for hybrid video coding and its applic...

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2012 13th IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2012

作者： Aminlou, Alireza Fahim-Hashemi, Hana Hashemi, Mahmoud Reza Gabbouj, Moncef Fatemi, Omid Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Nano-Electronic Center of Excellence University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

The mode decision process has a significant effect on the quality and complexity of a video encoder. The conventional method that fully codes each macro block for different modes results in the best quality performance, but it suffers from high computational complexity. On the other hand, some other methods ignore the residual part and use the prediction data, or adopt early mode selection approaches in order to reduce the computational cost. These approaches have a negative impact on the coding performance. In this paper, we have used a simple model for the residual coding part and proposed a two-piece R-D model for a macro block. Based on this model, we have introduced a mode decision algorithm that reduces the bit-rate by up to 11.62% at the expense of just 0.5% computational overhead. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cost reduction

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Generalized geometry-based optimal power control in wireless networks

Generalized geometry-based optimal power control in wireless...

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2012 9th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, SECON 2012

作者： Wang, Wei Shin, Kang G. Zhang, Zhaoyang Wang, Wenbo Peng, Tao Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2121 United States Wireless Signal Processing and Networking Lab Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467319058

Geometry-based optimal power control was proposed in [14] to transform the power-control problem to a new geometrical problem on the position relationship between a line and some points. This scheme provides a novel visual perspective and lowers the complexity of optimization. We generalize this scheme to a larger class of power-control optimization problems so as to maximize the network utility with multiple average and peak power constraints in wireless networks. To facilitate the handling of the geometrical model, we define a subset of geometrical models with specified characteristics, called a regular geometrical model, and derive the type of power-control problems eligible for the regular geometrical model. For such a type of problems, two strategies are proposed for the construction of the regular geometrical model. Utilizing geometrical properties, we propose a novel geometry-based optimization scheme for the general power-control problem. Its computational complexity is significantly lower than the conventional algorithms. We also provide a further discussion on irregular geometrical model cases. Finally, we provide two examples of deploying the proposed geometry-based power-control scheme. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Geometry

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A Two-Piece R-D Model for Hybrid Video Coding and Its Application in Fast Mode Decision

A Two-Piece R-D Model for Hybrid Video Coding and Its Applic...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Alireza Aminlou Hana Fahim-Hashemi Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Moncef Gabbouj Omid Fatemi Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

关键词： Video coding Complexity theory Encoding Predictive models Measurement Educational institutions Prediction algorithms

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Multichannel speech recognition using distributed microphone signal fusion strategies

Multichannel speech recognition using distributed microphone...

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International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing, ICALIP

作者： Marek B. Trawicki Michael T. Johnson An Ji Tomasz S. Osiejuk Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Speech and Signal Processing Laboratory Marquette University Milwaukee WI USA Department of Behavioural Ecology Adam-Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301732

关键词： Speech recognition Microphone arrays Noise measurement Array signal processing Speech Accuracy

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Multiphase mixed-integer optimal control framework for aircraft conflict avoidance

Multiphase mixed-integer optimal control framework for aircr...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Manuel Soler Maryam Kamgarpour Claire Tomlin Ernesto Staffetti Department of Signal Theory and Communications URJC Madrid Spain Automatic Control Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467320658

This paper formulates the problem of aircraft conflict avoidance as a multiphase mixed-integer optimal control problem. In order to find optimal maneuvers, accurate models of aircraft nonlinear dynamics and flight envelop constraints are used. Wind forecast and obstacles in airspace due to hazardous weather are included. The objective is to design aircraft maneuvers that ensure safety while minimizing fuel consumption. The solution approach is based on conversion of the multiphase mixed-integer optimal control problem into a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. Two case studies for the Airbus 320 aircraft illustrate the approach.

关键词： Aircraft Trajectory Optimal control Aerospace control Fuels Meteorology Switches

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Infant cry analysis and detection

Infant cry analysis and detection

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IEEE Convention of the electrical and ELectronic Engineers in Israel

作者： Rami Cohen Yizhar Lavner Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (SIPL) Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Department of Computer Science Tel-Hai Academic College Upper Galilee Israel

In this paper we propose an algorithm for automatic detection of an infant cry. A particular application of this algorithm is the identification of a physical danger to babies, such as situations in which parents leave their children in vehicles. The proposed algorithm is based on two main stages. The first stage involves feature extraction, in which pitch related parameters, MFC (mel-frequency cepstrum) coefficients and short-time energy parameters are extracted from the signal. In the second stage, the signal is classified using the k-NN algorithm and is later verified as a cry signal, based on the pitch and harmonics information. In order to evaluate the performance of the algorithm in real world scenarios, we checked the robustness of the algorithm in the presence of several types of noise, and especially noises such as car horns and car engines that are likely to be present in vehicles. In addition, we addressed real time and low complexity demands during the development of the algorithm. In particular, we used a voice activity detector, which disabled the operation of the algorithm when voice activity was not present. A database of baby cry signals was used for performance evaluation. The results showed good performance of the proposed algorithm, even at low SNR.

关键词： Pediatrics Harmonic analysis Noise Feature extraction Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Detection algorithms Cepstrum

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Moving shadow detection by nonlinear Tone-Mapping

Moving shadow detection by nonlinear Tone-Mapping

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International Conference on Systems, signals and Image Processing, IWSSIP

作者： Elad Bullkich Idan Ilan Yair Moshe Yacov Hel-Or Hagit Hel-Or Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (SIPL) Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Google Inc. Mountain View USA Department of Computer Science University of Haifa Haifa Israel

Shadow detection is a well-known problem in image and video processing. Detecting moving shadows is useful in numerous applications such as object detection and tracking. Most works in this area are not suitable for shadow detection using a low-cost outdoor surveillance camera. In this work we suggest a fast shadow detection approach for video surveillance, by comparing each video frame to a continuously updated background image. We differentiate shadow areas from foreground areas by assuming the shadow pixels are associated with background pixels through a nonlinear tone mapping. This assumption is general and applies to various systems and scene conditions. A distance measure between patch images that account for nonlinear tone mapping is calculated by adapting a recently suggested approach for pattern matching termed Matching by Tone Mapping (MTM). We show that the proposed technique is computationally efficient and outperforms state-of-the-art shadow detection techniques in typical surveillance scenarios.

关键词： Surveillance Measurement Image color analysis Cameras Robustness Lighting

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Information Generation and Lagrangian Coherent Structures in Multiscroll Attractors *

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2012年第12期45卷 93-98页

作者： Filipe I. Fazanaro Diogo C. Soriano Ricardo Suyama Marconi K. Madrid Romis Attux José Raimundo de Oliveira Modular Robotic Systems Laboratory (LSMR) Department of Computer Engineering and Industrial Automation (DCA) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (FEEC) UNICAMP Brazil Centro de Engenharia Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Santo André Brazil LSMR Department of Energy Control and Systems (DSCE) FEEC UNICAMP Laboratory of Signal Processing for Communications (DSPCom) DCA FEEC UNICAMP

The present work aims to apply a recently alternative approach to estimate the Lyapunov exponents that is suitable for such piecewise linear model in order of characterizing - with the aid of the metric entropy - the degree of information generated by several kinds of multiscroll attractors. Another analytical path is followed with the extraction of the corresponding Lagrangian coherent structures, which allows the determination of the dynamical system separatrices and also of the folding/stretching behavior that results in chaos. Overall, the reported study can be understood as an investigation, from distinct theoretical standpoints, of key aspects regarding the dynamic behavior of systems capable of engendering multiscroll structures.

关键词： chaotic behavior fractal dimension information generation Lagrangian coherent structures Lyapunov exponents multiscroll chaotic attractors non-smooth models

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