This paper presents an enhanced waveform interpolative (EWI) speech coder at 4 kbps. The system incorporates novel features such as analysis-by-synthesis (AbS) vector-quantization (VQ) of the dispersion-phase, AbS opt...
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This paper presents an enhanced waveform interpolative (EWI) speech coder at 4 kbps. The system incorporates novel features such as analysis-by-synthesis (AbS) vector-quantization (VQ) of the dispersion-phase, AbS optimization of the slowly evolving waveform (SEW), a special pitch search for transitions, and switched-predictive analysis-by-synthesis gain VQ. Subjective quality tests indicate that it exceeds that of MPEG-4 at 4 kbps and of G.723.1 at 5.3 kbps, and it is slightly better than that of G.723.1 at 6.3 kbps.
Current methods of compressing 3D animation for transmission over the Internet tend to be of very low quality. Quality is sacrificed to keep bandwidth low when using lossy compression techniques such as MPEG, Cinepak,...
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Current methods of compressing 3D animation for transmission over the Internet tend to be of very low quality. Quality is sacrificed to keep bandwidth low when using lossy compression techniques such as MPEG, Cinepak, or more recent formats such as Vivo and VDOnet. While these techniques can be effective approaches to all-purpose video compression, it should be possible to achieve better performance with the knowledge that the source consists of 3D animation. A new technique is proposed, which instead of focusing on compressing the rendered frames of the animation sequence, compresses and optimizes the original source scene data for streaming, and renders the 3D scene in real time on the client system.
This paper presents a moment-invariant compression technique for electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, applicable in a long-term (Holter) monitoring and analysis. It focuses on morphological cycle-to-cycle ECG data compres...
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This paper presents a moment-invariant compression technique for electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, applicable in a long-term (Holter) monitoring and analysis. It focuses on morphological cycle-to-cycle ECG data compression of a normal case. Experimental results show that the technique is suitable for real-time computation. Combined with Shannon-Fano encoding, the compression ratio achieves 21.74:1. The reconstruction error is very low, and performance is less affected by noise.
This paper presents analytical and Monte Carlo results for a stochastic gradient adaptive scheme which identifies an orthogonal polynomial-type nonlinear system with memory. The analysis includes recursions for the me...
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This paper introduces a new algorithm for scalable coding of wideband audio signals. The technique is based on quantization of bi-orthogonal wavelet transformed coefficients using a perceptual zerotree method. An init...
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This paper introduces a new algorithm for scalable coding of wideband audio signals. The technique is based on quantization of bi-orthogonal wavelet transformed coefficients using a perceptual zerotree method. An initial zerotree estimate of the wavelet coefficients is computed, followed by scalar quantization of the coefficients according to perceptual thresholds. The choice of wavelet decomposition and encoding parameters for each frame is adapted to the source characteristics employing a rate distortion criterion. The scalability of the coder is due to the tree structure, which enables graceful degradation with decrease in bit rate. Preliminary subjective tests indicate near-transparent quality for average bit rates in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 bits per sample.
We present a novel method for designing polynomial FIR predictors for fixed-point environments. Our method yields filters that perform exact prediction of polynomial signals even with short coefficient word lengths. U...
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Develops approaches for imaging weak-contrast buried objects using data from a ground penetrating radar array. An approximate physical model relating the collected data to the underground objects is developed. This mo...
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This paper focuses on multifractal characterization and feature extraction of nonstationary temporal signals, particularly the turn-on transients for radio transmitter classification purposes. A transient signal conta...
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This paper focuses on multifractal characterization and feature extraction of nonstationary temporal signals, particularly the turn-on transients for radio transmitter classification purposes. A transient signal contaminated by noise can be considered as an output from a chaotic dynamical system. The trajectory of such a system in phase space is often attracted to a bounded fractal object called strange attractor. Transient signals are preprocessed to obtain the corresponding strange attractor in phase space. Multifractal measures based on a generalized entropy are then applied to the strange attractor and features are extracted in terms of a fractal dimension spectrum. Experimental results show that there exists a strange attractor for the transient signal and the fractal dimension spectrum can characterize a transient signal uniquely, even with a relatively short time duration.
A signal suffers from nonlinear, linear, and additive distortion when transmitted through a channel. Linear equalizers are commonly used in receivers to compensate for linear channel distortion. As an alternative, non...
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A signal suffers from nonlinear, linear, and additive distortion when transmitted through a channel. Linear equalizers are commonly used in receivers to compensate for linear channel distortion. As an alternative, nonlinear equalizers have the potential to compensate for all three sources of channel distortion. Previous authors have shown that nonlinear feedforward equalizers based on either multilayer perceptron (MLP) or radial basis function (RBF) neural networks can outperform linear equalizers. In this paper, we compare the performance of MLP vs. RBF equalizers in terms of symbol error rate vs. SNR. We design a reduced complexity neural network equalizer by cascading an MLP and a RBF network. In simulation, the new MLP-RBF equalizer outperforms MLP equalizers and RBF equalizers.
This paper presents analytical, numerical and experimental results for a stochastic gradient adaptive scheme which identifies a polynomial-type nonlinear system with memory for noisy output observations. The analysis ...
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This paper presents analytical, numerical and experimental results for a stochastic gradient adaptive scheme which identifies a polynomial-type nonlinear system with memory for noisy output observations. The analysis includes the computation of the stationary points, the mean square error surface, and the mean behaviour of the algorithm for Gaussian data. Monte Carlo simulations confirm the theoretical predictions which show a small sensitivity to the observation noise.
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