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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： W.-C. Fang B.J. Sheu O.T.-C. Chen Jet Propulsion Laboratory Advanced Computer Systems and Technology Section California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

The frequency-sensitive competitive learning (FSCL) algorithm and its associated VLSI neuroprocessor have been developed for adaptive vector quantisation (AVQ). Simulation results show that the FSCL algorithm is capable of producing a good-quality codebook for AVQ at high compression ratios of more than 20 in real time. This VLSI neural-network-based vector quantization design includes a fully parallel vector quantizer and a pipelined codebook generator to provide an effective data compression scheme. It provides a computing capability as high as 3.33 billion connections per second. Its performance can achieve a speedup of 750 compared with SUN-3/60 and a compression ratio of 33 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 23.81 dB.< >

关键词： Very large scale integration Image coding Frequency Neural networks Power capacitors Vector quantization CMOS technology Image reconstruction Speech coding Data compression

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Neural networks for sidescan sonar automatic target detection

Neural networks for sidescan sonar automatic target detectio...

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IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for signal Processing

作者： M.J. LeBlanc E. Manolakos Fault-Tolerant Systems Division The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc. Cambridge MA USA Communications and Digital Signal Processing Center of Research and Graduate Studies Electrical & Computer Engineering Department Northeastern University Boston MA USA

The goal of this research is to develop a multi-layer feedforward neural network architecture which can distinguish targets (in this case, mines) from background clutter in sidescan sonar images. The network is to be implemented on a hardware neurocomputer currently in development at CSDL, with the goal of eventual real-time performance in the field. A variety of neural network architectures are developed, simulated, and evaluated in an attempt to find the best approach for this particular application. It has been found that classical statistical feature extraction is outperformed by a much less computationally expensive approach that simultaneously compresses and filters the raw data by taking a simple mean.< >

关键词： Neural networks Sonar detection Object detection Multi-layer neural network Feedforward neural networks Neural network hardware computer architecture Computational modeling Feature extraction Filters

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General criterion for the absence of limit cycles in filter structures with a single quantizer

General criterion for the absence of limit cycles in filter ...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： T. Laasko P.S.R. Diniz I. Hartimo Lab. of Signal Process. & Comput. Technol. Helsinki Univ. of Technol. Espoo Finland Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory of Signal Processing and Computer Technology Helsinki University of Technology Espoo Finland

A criterion for the absence of zero-input limit cycles in recursive digital filter structures that can be implemented with a single quantizer in the recursive loop is presented. The criterion can be applied with a rounding or with a magnitude truncation quantizer and accounts for the use of error feedback as well. Additionally, a criterion for the elimination of constant-input limit cycles is formulated. The criteria are applied to several well-known filter structures. Since most of the structures have previously been analyzed in a multiquantizer implementation only, new results on their stability properties in the single-quantizer configuration are obtained.< >

关键词： Limit-cycles Digital filters Feedback Quantization Finite impulse response filter Transfer functions Stability analysis Lattices Steady-state Noise reduction

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FULL-WAVE SOLUTION OF DIELECTRIC LOADED WAVE-GUIDES AND SHIELDED MICROSTRIPS UTILIZING FINITE-DIFFERENCE AND THE CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE AND MILLIMETER-WAVE computer-AIDED engineering 1991年第4期1卷 346-357页

作者： NARAYANAN, V MANELA, M LADE, RK SARKAR, TK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Syracuse University Syracuse New York 13244-1240 Viswanathan Narayanan was born in Bangalore India on December 14 1965. He received the BE degree in Electronics and Communications from B.M.S. College of Engineering Bangalore in 1988. He joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at Syracuse University for his graduate studies in 1989 where he is currently a research assistant. His research interests are in microwave measurements numerical electromagnetics and signal processing. Biographies and photos are not available for M. Manela and R. K. Lade. Tapan K. Sarkar (Sf69-M'76-SM'X1) was born in Calcutta. India on August 2 1948. He received the BTech degree from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India in 1969 the MScE degree from the University of New Brunswick Fredericton Canada in 1971. and the MS and PhD degrees from Syracuse University. Syracuse NY in 1975. From 1975-1976 he was with the TACO Division of the General Instruments Corporation. He was with the Rochester Institute of Technology (Rochester NY) from 1976-1985. He was a Research Fellow at the Gordon Mckay Laboratory Harvard University Cambridge MA from 1977 to 1978. He is now a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Syracuse University. His current research interests deal with numerical solutions of operator equations arising in electromagnetics and signal processing with application to system design. He obtained one of the “ best solution” awards in May 1977 at the Rome Air Development Center (RADC) Spectral Estimation Workshop. He has authored or coauthored more than 154 journal articles and conference papers and has written chapters in eight books. Dr. Sarkar is a registered professional engineer in the state of New York. He received the Best Paper Award of the IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility in 1979. He was an Associate Editor for feature articles of the lEEE Antennas arid Propagation Sociefy Newsletter and was

Dynamic analysis of waveguide structures containing dielectric and metal strips is presented. The analysis utilizes a finite difference frequency domain procedure to reduce the problem to a symmetric matrix eigenvalue problem. Since the matrix is also sparse, the eigenvalue problem can be solved quickly and efficiently using the conjugate gradient method resulting in considerable savings in computer storage and time. Comparison is made with the analytical solution for the loaded dielectric waveguide case. For the microstrip case, we get both waveguide modes and quasi-TEM modes. The quasi-TEM modes in the limit of zero frequency are checked with the static analysis which also uses finite difference. Some of the quasi-TEM modes are spurious. This article describes their origin and discusses how to eliminate them. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the principles.

关键词： Waveguides

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DESIGN OF LINEAR-PHASE FIR NOTCH FILTERS

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SADHANA-ACADEMY PROCEEDINGS IN engineering SCIENCES 1990年第3期15卷 133-155页

作者： YU, TH MITRA, SK BABIC, H Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara USA Electrotechnical Faculty University of Zagreb Zagreb Yugoslavia

This paper investigates some approaches for designing one-dimensional linear phase finite-duration impulse-responses (FIR) notch filters, which are based on the modification of several established design techniques of linear phase FIR band-selective filters. Based on extensive design examples and theoretical analysis, formulae have been developed for estimating the length of a linear phase FIR notch filter meeting the given specifications. In addition, the design of two-dimensional linear phase FIR notch filters is briefly considered. Illustrative examples are included.

关键词： FIR DIGITAL FILTER DIGITAL FILTER DESIGN DIGITAL NOTCH FILTER

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Detail-preserving impulse noise removal of images using modified dynamic programming

Detail-preserving impulse noise removal of images using modi...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Tian-Hu Yu S.K. Mitra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

An algorithm that removes impulse noise in images using a modified dynamic programming method is outlined. The restoration process combines two operations. In the first operation, the pixels corrupted by impulse noise are detected by a dynamic programming based searching strategy. In the second operation, the original gray levels of the noisy pixels are estimated by a linear interpolation or extrapolation approach. A separable process is used to detect the noisy pixels of the images. In order to preserve the details of the images and reduce the computational complexity of conventional dynamic programming, two modifications have been developed. One is called neighborhood searching with an adaptive figure of merit and the other is called overlapping block processing. The actual performance of the proposed technique is compared with that of the commonly used median filter by filtering noise-corrupted images. Some computational considerations are also discussed.< >

关键词： Dynamic programming Image restoration Noise level Interpolation Extrapolation Pixel Computational complexity Filters Filtering

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Stability, projection, and convergence of SMM for insufficient order adaptive IIR filters

Stability, projection, and convergence of SMM for insufficie...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： M. Nayeri H. Fan Department of Electrical Engineering Adaptive Signal Processing Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

The stability of the SMM (Steiglitz-McBride method) in the underparameterized case is studied. It is shown that the offline SMM can potentially produce intermediate unstable estimates. A projection technique is introduced and analytically shown to overcome such instability. The existence of multiple stable equilibria for the SMM in the underparametrized case is demonstrated.< >

关键词： Stability Convergence IIR filters Adaptive filters signal processing algorithms Iterative algorithms System identification Adaptive signal processing Filtering algorithms Postal services

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Properties and structures of linear-phase FIR filters based on switching and resetting of IIR filters

Properties and structures of linear-phase FIR filters based ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： T. Saramaki A.T. Fam Signal Processiug Laboratory Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New York Buffalo Buffalo NY USA

Recursive structures are introduced for implementing long linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) filters using a very small number of multipliers. The implementation uses the principle of switching and resetting between two identical copies of the same infinite impulse response (IIR) filter. The impulse response of the resulting filters is a truncated and shifted version of the response of a filter G(z)G(z/sup -1/) where G(z) is a stable IIR stable and G(z/sup -1/) is the corresponding unstable IIR filter. The filters are implemented as a parallel connection of several branches, each branch generating a truncated response corresponding to a complex conjugate pole pair and its mirror-image pair. The truncation is performed using a feedforward term which provides pole-zero cancellations. To stabilize the pole-zero cancellations, and to avoid the quantization error from growing too much, the branch filters are implemented by applying the principle of switching and resetting. It is shown, by means of an example, that by using this approach a nearly optimum FIR filter of order larger than 500 using just 17 adjustable parameters can be designed.< >

关键词： Finite impulse response filter IIR filters Bandwidth Frequency signal processing Laboratories Quantization Digital signal processing signal design Stability

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Digital processing of color images

Digital processing of color images

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Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display 1989

作者： Mitra, Sanjit K. Zarrinnaal, Iraj Wang, Yao Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

Digital processing of black and white images has received most attention during the last 25 years, and has led to various algorithms for the enhancement, smoothing, and zooming of images. Due to the decreasing cost and increasing availability of color image acquisition and display equipment along with the computing systems of higher performance, it is expected that the digital processing of color images will rapidly grow in demand. In this paper we review our experiences with the processing of color images. In particular, algorithms for the contrast enhancement, smoothing and zooming of color images are investigated. The effects of applying these methods in color coordinates other than RGB are examined and considerations with respect to performance, time efficiency and compatibility with some popular algorithms developed for monochrome images are discussed. © 1989 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

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A nonlinear spectrum compression algorithm for the hearing impaired

A nonlinear spectrum compression algorithm for the hearing i...

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Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference

作者： L.D. Paarmann M.D. Guiher Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA USA

A technique is proposed for increasing the speech intelligibility of persons with profound sensorineural hearing loss. The processing is based on a modification of the chirp-z transform that allows for nonlinear sampling along an arbitrary contour of the z-plane. Although the theory allows the nonlinear sampling to be arbitrary, an example showing that it is appropriate for nonlinear spectrum compression to aid the hearing-impaired is given. Samples are linearly spaced along the unit circle for a specified low-frequency segment; beyond the break-point the samples are nonlinearly spaced, perhaps spiraling inward to enhance spectral peaks, with the spacing width increasing with increasing frequency following an exponential function. A standard inverse DFT of these frequency samples returns the spectrum-compressed sequence. Processing of continuous speech requires windowing and processing of data in a manner similar to the short-time Fourier transform (STFT). The authors present the theoretical basis for, and development of, the algorithm.< >

关键词： compression algorithms Auditory system Sampling methods Speech processing Frequency signal processing algorithms Deafness Chirp Laboratories signal sampling

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