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Iranian Conference of Biomedical engineering (ICBME)

作者： Mohammad Almasganj Emad Fatemizadeh Department of Electrical Engineering Biomedical Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (BiSIPL) Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are widely used to diagnose and grade macular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, manual interpretation of OCT images is time-consuming and subjective. Therefore, automated and accurate classification of OCT images is essential for assisting ophthalmologists in clinical decision-making. This paper proposes a pyramidal deep neural network that can diagnose normal and two types of AMD (dry and wet) in OCT images. Our network leverages features from different scales of a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) and integrates them with two advanced versions of feature pyramid networks: bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) and path aggregation network (PANet). We evaluate our network on the NEH dataset and compare it with its predecessor. Our results show that our BiFPN-VGG16 and PAN-VGG16 models achieve accuracies of 94.S% and 95.0%, respectively, which are 2.8 to 3% higher than the previous models. Our approach demonstrates the potential of multi-scale feature networks for OCT image classification and can serve as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for ophthalmologists.

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IoT-Enabled Smart Bike Helmet with an AI-Driven Collision Avoidance System

IoT-Enabled Smart Bike Helmet with an AI-Driven Collision Av...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Jacob Solus Maureen Rakotondraibe Xinrui Yu Won-Jae Yi Mikhail Gromov Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A.

This paper presents a system design for a smart bike helmet with multiple safety features that are intended to empower bicycle riders to proactively avoid potential sources of danger or injury. A Smart Sensor/Actuator Node (SSAN), driven by an Arduino Uno single-board microcontroller, contains input sensors and actuators to provide riders the ability to send and receive warnings promptly on their helmet. A Vision Node, driven by an NVIDIA Jetson Nano and a cable pin-connected camera, executes AI object detection algorithms for any dangerous objects that are out of sight of the rider and sends alerts to the SSAN as needed. By combining safety features of the SSAN and Vision Node while continuously sending data to an IoT-enabled backend web server, the safety operation of a typical bike ride can be substantially improved.

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Multiframe weak target track-before-detect based on pseudo-spectrum in mixed coordinates

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第5期35卷 97-113页

作者： Liangliang WANG Gongjian ZHOU Thiagalingam KIRUBARAJAN School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster UniversityONHamilton L8S 4K1Canada

Traditional multiframe Track-Before-Detect(TBD)may incur adverse integration loss resulting from model mismatch in sensor *** suboptimal integration strategy may cause target envelope *** address these issues,a pseudo-spectrum-based multiframe TBD in mixed coordinates is proposed *** data search for energy integration is conducted based on an accurate model in the x-y plane while target energy is integrated based on pseudo-spectrum in sensor *** algorithm performance is improved since the model mismatch is eliminated,and the pseudo-spectrum based integration facilitates well maintained target *** detailed multiframe integration procedure and theoretical target integrated envelope are ***,to cope with the unknown target velocity,a velocity filter bank based on pseudo-spectrum in mixed coordinates is *** effect of velocity mismatch on algorithm performance is analyzed and an efficient method for filter bank design is ***,a parameter estimation method using characteristics of integrated envelope is presented for improved target polar position and Cartesian velocity ***,numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Mixed coordinates Multiframe detection Pseudo-spectrum Track-before-detect Weak target detection

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Shannon-like Interpolation with Spectral Priors and Weighted Hilbert Spaces: Beyond the Nyquist Rate

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Haldar, Justin P. Signal and Image Processing Institute Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States

In this work, we draw connections between the classical Shannon interpolation of bandlimited deterministic signals and the literature on estimating continuous-time random processes from their samples (known in various communities under different names, such as Wiener-Kolmogorov filtering, Gaussian process regression, and kriging). This leads to the realization that Shannon interpolation can be interpreted as implicitly expecting that the unknown signal has uniform spectral density within its bandwidth. However, in many practical applications, we often expect more energy at some frequencies than at others. This leads us to propose novel Shannon-like interpolators that are optimal with respect to appropriately-constructed weighted Hilbert spaces, where weighting enables us to accommodate prior information about nonuniform spectral density. Although our new interpolants are derived for data obtained with any sampling rate, we observe that they are particularly useful for interpolating sub-Nyquist data. In addition to theory, we also discuss aspects of practical implementation and show illustrative examples to demonstrate the potential benefits of the approach. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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Role of Lexical Boundary Information in Chunk-Level Segmentation for Speech Emotion Recognition

Role of Lexical Boundary Information in Chunk-Level Segmenta...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wei-Cheng Lin Carlos Busso Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Multimodal Signal Processing (MSP) lab The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA

Chunk-level speech emotion recognition (SER) is a common modeling scheme to obtain better recognition performance than sentence-level formulations. A key open question is the role of lexical boundary information in the process of splitting a sentence into small chunks. Is there any benefit in providing precise lexical boundary information to segment the speech into chunks (e.g., word-level alignments)? This study analyzes the role of lexical boundary information by exploring alternative segmentation strategies for chunk-level SER. We compare six chunk-level segmentation strategies that either consider word-level alignments or traditional time-based segmentation methods by varying the number of chunks and the duration of the chunks. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate these chunk-level segmentation approaches using multiples corpora, and multiple acoustic feature sets. The results show a minor contribution of the word-level timing boundaries, where centering the chunks around words does not lead to significant performance gains. Instead, the critical factor to effectively segment a sentence into data chunks is to define the number of chunks according to the number of spoken words in the sentence.

关键词： Emotion recognition Speech recognition signal processing Performance gain Acoustics Timing Speech processing

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Pansharpening Methods Based on a Redundant Contourlet Transform

Pansharpening Methods Based on a Redundant Contourlet Transf...

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2023 International Conference on Earth Observation and Geo-Spatial Information, ICEOGI 2023

作者： Ourabia, Soumeya Baaziz, Nadia Smara, Youcef University Center of Tipaza -Morsli Abdelah-Institut of Sciences Laboratory of Image Processing and Radiation -USTHB Departement of Electronics Tipaza Algeria University of Quebec in Outaouais - Uqo Research Laboratory in Multimedia Information Department of Computer Science and Engineering GatineauQC Canada University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene -USTHB Laboratory of Image Processing and Radiation Faculty of Electrical Engineering Algiers Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350396720

The pansharpening of high-resolution panchromatic (Pan) image and low-resolution multispectral (MS) images represents an important task in the remote sensing field. It allows the joint exploitation of the information derived from both types of images. However, this may cause a distortion of spectral information or a lack in details and structures. The multiresolution analysis using wavelet transforms has proved its efficiency in the pansharpening domain, due to the representation of the image content over different resolution levels. In image fusion applications, we always need more detail information to be incorporated in the pansharpening procedure in order to produce enhanced results. However, the limitation of the wavelet transform to three types of oriented detail coefficients prevents this need from being met. To overcome this limitation, we propose to use the redundant contourlet transform (RCT) which extracts a richer multiscale directional information from the image. For this purpose, two RCT-based pansharpening methods are introduced and suitable data fusion procedures are described. We conducted several experiments on two different datasets acquired respectively by ALSAT-2A and IKONOS satellites. The visual results as well as quantitative results from evaluation metrics demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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One-bit Compressed Sensing using Generative Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kafle, Swatantra Joseph, Geethu Varshney, Pramod K. ANDRO Computational Solutions NY United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Syracuse University NY United States Signal Processing Systems group Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science faculty the Delft University of Technology Netherlands

This paper addresses the classical problem of one-bit compressed sensing using a deep learning-based reconstruction algorithm that leverages a trained generative model to enhance the signal reconstruction performance. The generator, a pretrained neural network, learns to map from a low-dimensional latent space to a higher-dimensional set of sparse vectors. This generator is then used to reconstruct sparse vectors from their one-bit measurements by searching over its range. The presented algorithm provides an excellent reconstruction performance because the generative model can learn additional structural information about the signal beyond sparsity. Furthermore, we provide theoretical guarantees on the reconstruction accuracy and sample complexity of the algorithm. Through numerical experiments using three publicly available image datasets, MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and Omniglot, we demonstrate the superior performance of the algorithm compared to other existing algorithms and show that our algorithm can recover both the amplitude and the direction of the signal from one-bit measurements. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Self-Prompting Polyp Segmentation in Colonoscopy Using Hybrid YOLO-SAM2 Model

Self-Prompting Polyp Segmentation in Colonoscopy Using Hybri...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Mobina Mansoori Sajjad Shahabodini Jamshid Abouei Konstantinos N. Plataniotis Arash Mohammadi Intelligent Signal & Information Processing (I-SIP) Lab Concodia University Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Yazd University Iran Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Early diagnosis and treatment of polyps during colonoscopy are essential for reducing the incidence and mortality of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). However, the variability in polyp characteristics and the presence of artifacts in colonoscopy images and videos pose significant challenges for accurate and efficient polyp detection and segmentation. This paper presents a novel approach to polyp segmentation by integrating the Segment Anything Model (SAM 2) with the YOLOv8 model. Our method leverages YOLOv8’s bounding box predictions to autonomously generate input prompts for SAM 2, thereby reducing the need for manual annotations. We conducted exhaustive tests on five benchmark colonoscopy image datasets and two colonoscopy video datasets, demonstrating that our method exceeds state-of-the-art models in both image and video segmentation tasks. Notably, our approach achieves high segmentation accuracy using only bounding box annotations, significantly reducing annotation time and effort. This advancement holds promise for enhancing the efficiency and scalability of polyp detection in clinical settings https://***/sajjad-sh33/YOLO_SAM2.

关键词： Image segmentation Accuracy Annotations Scalability Colonoscopy Benchmark testing signal processing Real-time systems Speech processing Videos

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A novel proposal based on 2D linear resonant cavity photonic crystals for all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates

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Journal of Optical Communications 2023年第s1期44卷 S283-S291页

作者： Elhachemi, Kouddad Rafah, Naoum Telecommunication and Digital Signal Processing Laboratory Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department of Telecommunications University Djillali Liabes Sidi-Bel-Abbes22000 Algeria

In this paper, we are going to propose a novel structure of all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates are presented using a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PhC). This structure is optimized by varying the radius of the cavity, to obtain a quality factor Q = 1192, and also has several ports of entry and one port of output. The size of each structure is equal to 85.8 μm2. The contrast ratios for the structures proposed all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates between levels "0" and "1" are, respectively, 25.08, 25.03, and 14.47 dB. The response time for the three logical gates is 8.33 ps, and the bit rate is calculated at about 0.12 Tbit/s, all simulations are based on both numerical methods such as finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE). Designed logic gates are characterized by low power consumption, compactness and easy integration. © 2020 Kouddad Elhachemi and Naoum Rafah, published by De Gruyter.

关键词： Photonic crystals

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Reduced CAD system for classifications of cancer types based on microarray gene expression data 9

Reduced CAD system for classifications of cancer types based...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Sciences of Electronics, Technologies of Information and Telecommunications, SETIT 2022

作者： Bacha, Sawssen Taouali, Okba Liouane, Noureddine National Engineering School of Monastir Research Laboratory of Automation Signal Processing and Image Monastir5019 Tunisia University of Tabuk Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Department of Computer Engineering Tabuk Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781728184425

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184425

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases for human health. The classification of cancers poses many challenges in biomedical research because it allows an accurate and effective diagnosis and guarantees the success of medical treatments. In this paper, a new reduced computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is implemented under the MATLAB (version R2016a) environment to classifying four cancer subtypes. The results of the experiment are carried out with four sets of baseline data on the expression of cancer genes. To validate the proposed CAD system, different performance metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F-Score are measured. The experimental analysis justifies the effectiveness of the proposed model and, therefore, this model can be considered as an effective tool to help radiologists for a better diagnosis. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Gene expression

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