作者:
C.P. BandyD.B. KochCommunications
Information and Signal Processing Group Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Tennessee Knoxville Knoxville TN USA
The Civil Air Patrol (CAP) performs aerial reconnaissance of roadways and bridges. To enhance the analysis of aerial observations, CAP has proposed broadcasting amateur television from aircraft cockpits to ground rece...
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The Civil Air Patrol (CAP) performs aerial reconnaissance of roadways and bridges. To enhance the analysis of aerial observations, CAP has proposed broadcasting amateur television from aircraft cockpits to ground receiving stations, However, because of the large bandwidth required for video transmission and the low transmitter power available the range of video transmission is very limited. As an alternative to amateur television transmission, the paper develops a software based, continuous-tone, still image transmission system. A digitized color image at television resolution contains nearly one million bytes. Digital imaging is, therefore, not often implemented due to high storage or transmission costs. However, by employing a high quality image compression technique, images may be compressed from 1/10 to greater than 1/50 their uncompressed size without visibly affecting image quality. These compressed images can then be transmitted over a low bandwidth channel in a reasonable time. The major issues in developing the prototype system were the image compression and data transmission techniques. The selected image compression technique is based on the JPEG Still Image Data Compression Standard, known officially as ISO DIS 10918-1 or CCITT Recommendation T.81. The system's data link will use high speed (9600 bits per second) packet radio (CCITT X25). This system shows the JPEG image compression method is suitable for transmitting high quality compressed images over a low bandwidth channel in a reasonable time. Additional data compression is achieved through the use of V.42 bis data compression.
Suppression of co-channel interferers in a TDMA cellular phone system by the use of an antenna array is studied. Especially the problem of suppressing co-channel interferers that appear outside the training sequence i...
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Suppression of co-channel interferers in a TDMA cellular phone system by the use of an antenna array is studied. Especially the problem of suppressing co-channel interferers that appear outside the training sequence is addressed. It is observed that if a cochannel interferer is present during the data sequence but not during the training sequence of a frame, then it will be present during the training sequence of an adjacent frame. The interferer plus noise spectrum of adjacent frames is utilized in order to suppress such co-channel interferers. The effect on the performance is illustrated with an example scenario for the GSM system.
An analytical framework for the implementation of optimal filters in the multiresolution (i.e., subband) domain is presented. In particular, we concentrate on filter bank based on the notions of wavelets and wave-pack...
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An analytical framework for the implementation of optimal filters in the multiresolution (i.e., subband) domain is presented. In particular, we concentrate on filter bank based on the notions of wavelets and wave-packets. We show how the notion of sparse estimation can lead to significant reduction in computational cost, with only a minor degradation in performance. The combination of a wavelet-based filter bank with a sparse estimation scheme results in a configuration with five design parameters: (i) resolution level, (ii) degree of subband channel overlap, (iii) subband utilization ratio, (iv) estimation sparsity, and (v) filter order. We demonstrate the effect of each one of these design parameters on the over-all cost-performance trade-off.
A smart algorithm for the decomposition of a channel into its subchannel in the discrete multitone communications is proposed in this paper. This algorithm evaluates the unevenness and energy distribution of the chann...
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A smart algorithm for the decomposition of a channel into its subchannel in the discrete multitone communications is proposed in this paper. This algorithm evaluates the unevenness and energy distribution of the channel spectrum in order to get a variable adaptive partitioning of the channel. It is shown that the proposed algorithm leads to a near optimum performance of the discrete multitone transceiver. This flexible and smart splitting of the channel suffers less from the aliasing problem that exists in blind decompositions using fixed transforms. This paper extends the fixed discrete multitone to the flexible unequal bandwidth multichannel concept which has significant potentials for performance improvements in high-speed digital communications.
Summary form only given, as follows. A code division multiple access (CDMA) detector that employs a combination of a decorrelator and an adaptive interference canceller was proposed previously, for a synchronous chann...
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Summary form only given, as follows. A code division multiple access (CDMA) detector that employs a combination of a decorrelator and an adaptive interference canceller was proposed previously, for a synchronous channel. For the asynchronous channel the one-shot approach was suggested. It requires a (2 K-1) dimensional decorrelator and a canceller, (K is the number of users) and must be repeated once for every user if adequate performance for all users is sought. The present paper proposes a decorrelator, data combiner, canceller, data combiner arrangement. Using maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) combining at both data combining stages, we show that the resulting decorrelator canceller performs with an asynchronous channel and for the synchronous case.
In this paper, weighted subsampling (WS) a new, nonuniform image subsampling scheme is presented. The autoregressive model with one parameter (AR(1)) is used to model the input image. The proposed technique uses a wei...
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In this paper, weighted subsampling (WS) a new, nonuniform image subsampling scheme is presented. The autoregressive model with one parameter (AR(1)) is used to model the input image. The proposed technique uses a weighting function to change the sampling pattern so that more samples are taken in important regions of the image. The signal is weighted to change its autocorrelation matrix and a sampling pattern is deduced and applied to the image. Predictive lossless coding is used to extend the compression achieved by the subsampling operation. Experiments with facial images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
This paper presents a method of generating unique fingerprints of radio transmitter turn-on transients. The fingerprinting system consists of the application of multiresolution wavelet analysis used to characterize th...
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This paper presents a method of generating unique fingerprints of radio transmitter turn-on transients. The fingerprinting system consists of the application of multiresolution wavelet analysis used to characterize the features contained in the transient followed by the use of a genetic algorithm to extract the wavelet coefficients that represent critical features of the transient. To measure the ability of the system to generate efficient and unique fingerprints, a neural network is used to classify the transients by their fingerprints. To test the noise sensitivity of the system, noisy transients were applied to a trained neural network, the network was able to positively classify noisy transients with 20 dB signal to noise ratios (SNR) and up. Experiments with real radio transients show that the system is able generate uniqiue fingerprints for absolute classification by a neural network for radios of differing model type as well as radios of the same model type.
Summary form only given, as follows. Fractal based data compression has attracted a great deal of interest since Barnsley's introduction of iterated functions systems (IFS), a scheme for compactly representing int...
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Summary form only given, as follows. Fractal based data compression has attracted a great deal of interest since Barnsley's introduction of iterated functions systems (IFS), a scheme for compactly representing intricate image structures. This paper discusses the incremental development of a block-oriented fractal coding technique for still images based on the work of Jacquin (1990). A brief overview of Jacquin's method is provided, and several of its features are discussed. In particular, the high order of computational complexity associated with the technique is addressed. This paper proposes that a neural network paradigm known as frequency sensitive competitive learning (FSCL) be employed to assist the encoder in locating fractal self-similarity within a source image. A judicious development of the proper neural network size for optimal time performance is provided. Such an optimally-chosen network has the effect of reducing the time complexity of Jacquin's original encoding algorithm from O(n/sup 4/) to O(n/sup 3/). In addition, an efficient distance measure for comparing two image segments independent of mean pixel brightness and variance is developed. This measure, not provided by Jacquin, is essential for determining the fractal block transformations. An implementation of fractal block coding employing FSCL is presented and coding results are compared with other popular image compression techniques. The paper also present the structure of the associated software simulator.
This paper describes modelling of the coefficient domain in wavelet subbands of wideband audio signals for low-bit rate and high-quality compression. The purpose is to develop models of the perception of wideband audi...
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This paper describes modelling of the coefficient domain in wavelet subbands of wideband audio signals for low-bit rate and high-quality compression. The purpose is to develop models of the perception of wideband audio signals in the wavelet domain. The coefficients in the wavelet subbands are quantized using a scheme that adapts to the subband signal by setting the quantization step size for a particular subband to a size that is inversely proportional to the subband energy, and then, within a subband, by modifying the energy determined step size as inversely proportional to the amplitude probability density of the coefficient. The amplitude probability density of the coefficients in each subband is modelled using learned vector/scalar quantization employing frequency sensitive competitive learning. The source data consists of 1-channel, 16-bit linear data sampled at 44.1 kHz from a CD containing major classical and pop music. Preliminary results show a bit-rate of 150 kbps, rather than 705.6 kbps, with no perceptual loss in quality. The wavelet transform provides better results for representing multifractal signals, such as wide band audio, than do other standard transforms, such as the Fourier transform.
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