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Likelihood for a network of gravitational-wave detectors with correlated noise

Physical Review D 2024年第10期110卷 104060-104060页

作者： Francesco Cireddu Milan Wils Isaac C. F. Wong Peter T. H. Pang Tjonnie G. F. Li Walter Del Pozzo Leuven Gravity Institute KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D box 2415 3001 Leuven Belgium Department of Physics and Astronomy Laboratory for Semiconductor Physics KU Leuven B-3001 Leuven Belgium Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Fermi” Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong KU Leuven Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT) STADIUS Center for Dynamical Systems Signal Processing and Data Analytics B-3001 Leuven Belgium Nikhef Science Park 105 1098 XG Amsterdam The Netherlands Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP) Utrecht University Princetonplein 1 3584 CC Utrecht The Netherlands INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy

The Einstein Telescope faces a critical data analysis challenge with correlated noise, often overlooked in current parameter estimation analyses. We address this issue by presenting the statistical formulation of the likelihood that includes correlated noise for the Einstein Telescope or any detector network. By considering varying degrees of correlation, we probe the impact of noise correlations on the parameter estimation analysis of a GW150914-like event. We show that neglecting these correlations may significantly reduce the accuracy of the chirp mass reconstruction. This emphasizes how critical a proper treatment of correlated noise is, as presented in this work, to unlocking the wealth of results promised by the Einstein Telescope.

关键词： Gravitational waves Gravitational wave detectors

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Kurtosis-limited sphere shaping for nonlinear interference noise reduction in optical channels

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Gültekin, Yunus Can Alvarado, Alex Vassilieva, Olga Kim, Inwoong Palacharla, Paparao Okonkwo, Chigo Willems, Frans M.J. Information and Communication Theory Lab Signal Processing Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Electro-Optical Communications Group Institute for Photonics Integration Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Fujitsu Network Communications Inc. RichardsonTX75082 United States

Nonlinear interference (NLI) generated during the propagation of an optical waveform through the fiber depends on the fourth order standardized moment of the channel input distribution, also known as kurtosis. Probabilistically-shaped inputs optimized for the linear Gaussian channel have a Gaussian-like distribution with high kurtosis. For optical channels, this leads to an increase in NLI power and consequently, a decrease in effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this work, we propose kurtosis-limited enumerative sphere shaping (K-ESS) as an algorithm to generate low-kurtosis shaped inputs. Numerical simulations at a shaping blocklength of 108 amplitudes demonstrate that with K-ESS, it is possible to increase the effective SNRs by 0.4 dB in a single-span single-channel scenario at 400 Gbit/s. K-ESS offers also a twofold decrease in frame error rate with respect to Gaussian-channel-optimal sphere shaping. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Higher order statistics

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Yule-Walker Equations Using Higher Order Statistics for Nonlinear Autoregressive Model

Yule-Walker Equations Using Higher Order Statistics for Nonl...

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2019 signal processing Symposium, SPSympo 2019

作者： Libal, Urszula Johansson, Karl H. School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Signal Processing Systems Department Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wroclaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781728117157

The paper presents the derivation of Yule-Walker equations for the nonlinear autoregressive model NAR(p) of a time-series. The proposed method allows for easy calculation of parameters of the model. In the determined equations, higher order statistics are used, instead of autocovariances. For the linear autoregressive model AR(p), the standard Yule-Walker equations are directly based on autocovariances of time-series, or equivalently autocorrelations if the equations are rescaled. Unfortunately, it does not apply for nonlinear model. The authors show a compact matrix notation of Yule-Walker equations for the nonlinear autoregressive model with the nonlinearity of polynomial type of degree 2, with the use of higher order statistics up to 4th order, and numerical examples for electromyography signals for different hand movements. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Time series

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Recent Results on Science and Innovation Related to electrical Processes of Thunderstorms

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Surveys in Geophysics 2025年 1-69页

作者： Köhn, Christoph Neubert, Torsten Füllekrug, Martin Ebert, Ute Nijdam, Sander Chanrion, Olivier Østgaard, Nikolai Marisaldi, Martino Soula, Serge Montanyà, Joan Gordillo-Vázquez, Francisco Luque, Alejandro Teunissen, Jannis Holbøll, Joachim Bennett, Alec Smith, Paul Lorenzo, Victor Christian, Hugh J. Madsen, Søren F. Mihailova, Diana Boissin, Jean-François Pedeboy, Stéphane Chaumat, Laure Heumesser, Matthias Dimitriadou, Krystallia Maiorana, Carolina Ghilain, Simon Gomez Kuri, Zaida Peverell, Adam Urbani, Michele Kieu, Thi Ny Martinez, Andy Francisco, Hani Niknezhad, Mojtaba Teixeira-Gomes, Miguel B. Pizzuti, Andrea Arcanjo, Marcelo Mirpour, Shahriar Bai, Xue Reglero, Victor National Space Institute (DTU Space) Technical University of Denmark Kgs. Lyngby Denmark Centre for Space Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Bath Bath United Kingdom Multiscale Dynamics Group Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands Birkeland Centre for Space Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway Laboratoire d’Aérologie University of Toulouse Toulouse France Electrical Engineering Department Polytechnic University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Instituto Astrofísica de Andalusía CSIC Granada Spain DTU Elektro Technical University of Denmark Kgs. Lyngby Denmark Bristol Industrial and Research Associates Limited (Biral) Bristol United Kingdom Dena Desarrollos S.L. (Ingesco) Terrassa Spain Department of Atmospheric Science Earth System Science Center University of Alabama Huntsville USA Polytec Bramming Denmark Plasma Matters Eindhoven The Netherlands AIRBUS Blagnac France Météorage Pau France Thales Services SAS Toulouse France DTU Wind and Energy Systems Technical University of Denmark Roskilde Denmark Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago Chicago USA Image Processing Laboratory University of Valencia Valencia Spain

Lightning is a highly energetic electric discharge process in our atmosphere, evolving in several complex stages. Lightning is recognized as an essential climate variable, as it affects the concentration of greenhouse gases. It also threatens electrical and electronic devices, in particular, on elevated structures like wind turbines, and it endangers aircraft built with modern composite materials with inherently low electric conductivity. During the past decades, our fundamental understanding of atmospheric electricity has continued to evolve. For example, during the past 30 years, discharge processes were discovered in the atmosphere above thunderstorms, the so-called transient luminous events (TLEs) in the stratosphere and mesosphere, and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), accompanied with beams of photons, electrons and positrons, were observed from low orbiting satellites passing over thunderstorms. Lightning-like discharges also appear in plasma and high-voltage technology. The SAINT network was formed to bring the different research fields together. SAINT was the “Science And INnovation of Thunderstorms” Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network of the European Union Horizon 2020 program. From 2017 to 2021, 15 PhD students observed lightning processes from satellites and ground, developed models and conducted laboratory experiments. The project bridged between geophysical research, plasma technology and relevant industries. The paper presents a summary of the findings of the SAINT network collaboration.

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Optimum elements selection in IRS-assisted UAV communications with phase errors

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Jangsher, Sobia Al-Dweik, Arafat Al-Jarrah, Mohammd Ahmad Alusa, Emad Alouini, Mohamed-Slim Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Wireless and Signal Processing Lab Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Center for Cyber Physical Systems Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University LondonON Canada Thuwal Makkah Province Saudi Arabia

This letter considers minimizing the bit error rate (BER) of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications assisted by intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). By noting that increasing the number of IRS elements in the presence of phase errors does not necessarily improve the BER, it is crucial to use only the elements that contribute to reducing the BER. Consequently, we propose an efficient algorithm to activate only the elements that improve the BER. The proposed algorithm has lower complexity and comparable BER to the optimum selection process, which is an NP-hard problem. The accuracy of the estimated phase is evaluated by deriving the probability distribution function (PDF) of the least-square (LS) channel estimator, and showing that the PDF can be closely approximated by the von Mises distribution at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The obtained analytical and simulation results show that using all the available reflectors can significantly deteriorate the BER, and thus, elements’ selection is necessary. In particular scenarios, using about 26% of the reflectors provides more than 10 fold BER reduction. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Bit error rate

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Cognitive appraisal modulates Theta Burst Stimulation effects on stress-reactive rumination and affect

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Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience 2025年 1-19页

作者： Isabell Int-Veen Stefanie De Smet Matias M Pulopulos Gert Vanhollebeke Beatrix Barth Sarah Pasche Francesco Albasini Chris Baeken Hans-Christoph Nuerk Christian Plewnia Vanessa Nieratschker Andreas Jochen Fallgatter Ann-Christine Ehlis David Rosenbaum Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH) University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany. isabell.int-veen@med.uni-tuebingen.de. Department of Head and Skin Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab Ghent Belgium. Brain Stimulation and Cognition (BSC) Lab Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands. Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Department of Electronics and Information Systems Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Medical Imaging and Signal Processing (MEDISIP) Group Ghent Belgium. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH) University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany. German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) partner site Tübingen Germany. Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH) Mannheim Germany. Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany. German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) partner site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm Germany. Department of Psychiatry University Hospital (UZBrussel) Brussels Belgium. Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands. Department of Psychology University of Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany.

The DLPFC plays a central role in cognitive appraisal and stress regulation, as this process-particularly secondary appraisal, where individuals assess their ability to cope with a situation-significantly influences stress responses on both psychological and physiological levels. We conducted a study where we applied different types of Theta Burst Stimulation (intermittent (i)TBS vs. continuous (c)TBS vs. sham (s)TBS) to the left DLPFC to increase or decrease the cortical excitability of the prefrontal neural network. We then examined how participants responded psychologically and physiologically to a potent psychosocial stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), and aimed to investigate the influence of secondary cognitive appraisal on the effects of TBS on the stress response. Depending on the stimulation, we discovered that the cognitive appraisal significantly influenced rumination, positive and negative affect specifically in stress recovery. More precisely, as expected, individuals who perceived greater control experienced a faster recovery of stress-reactive ruminative thinking following sTBS and lower rumination following the stressor. We found lower increases and faster recovery of negative affect in all stimulation conditions and faster decreases in positive affect after the TSST following cTBS and iTBS, suggesting beneficial effects of both stimulation conditions. Concerning the assessed physiological variables, namely heart rate, heart rate variability, and salivary cortisol, we did not observe any impact of appraisal. These findings suggest that the effect of secondary appraisal on psychological variables depends on the type of stimulation, and while it may be linked to increased DLPFC activity, further research is needed to clarify the neurostimulation mechanisms involved.

关键词： Appraisal Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Rumination Stress Theta Burst Stimulation Trier Social Stress Test

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P13.10.A NORADRENERGIC AGONISTS AS NEW TREATMENT OPPORTUNITY AGAINST RADIATION-INDUCED COGNITIVE DECLINE

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Neuro-Oncology 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_5期26卷 v73–v74页

作者： De Bie, I Berden, L Peeters, B Vanhove, C Boterberg, T Tabury, K Primac, I Raedt, R Benotmane, R 4BRAIN Department of Head and Skin Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium Radiobiology Unit Nuclear Medical Application Institute Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) Mol Belgium Medical Image and Signal Processing (MEDISIP) Department of Electronics and Information systems Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Radiation Oncology Ghent University hospital Ghent Belgium

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Optimal Sampling & Reconstruction: Theory and Applications

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Haldar, Justin Signal and Image Processing Institute Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California

The optimization of MRI data sampling and image reconstruction methods has been a priority for the MRI community since the very early days of the field. Designing an "optimal" method requires the definition of an optimality metric (i.e., a quantitative evaluation of the "goodness" of different competing approaches that allows an objective comparison between them). However, a key challenge is that there are many different possible ways of quantitatively evaluating the "goodness" of a data sampling scheme or a reconstruction result, and there are no acquisition or reconstruction methods that are known to be universally optimal with respect to all of these possible metrics simultaneously. Thus, optimization of MRI methods requires a subjective choice about what aspects of quality matter most in the context of a given MRI experiment, and subsequently the subjective choice of an optimality metric that hopefully does a reasonable job of quantifying those aspects of quality. Once these choices are made, the optimization problem becomes well-defined, and it remains to choose an algorithm that can identify data sampling or image reconstruction methods that are optimal with respect to the chosen metric. All of these choices are generally nontrivial. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Expected and unexpected routes to synchronization in a system of swarmalators

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Physical Review E 2024年第6期110卷 L062301-L062301页

作者： Steve J. Kongni Thierry Njougouo Patrick Louodop Robert Tchitnga Fernando F. Ferreira Hilda A. Cerdeira Research Unit Condensed Matter Electronics and Signal Processing University of Dschang P.O. Box 67 Dschang Cameroon Dschang Cameroon IMT School for Advanced Studies 55100 Lucca Italy Faculty of Computer Science and Namur Institute for Complex Systems (naXys) University of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET) University of Buea Buea Cameroon ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research São Paulo State University (UNESP) Instituto de Física Teórica Rua Doutor Bento Teobaldo Ferraz 271 Bloco II Barra Funda 01140-070 São Paulo Brazil Department of Physics-FFCLRP University of São Paulo Ribeirao Preto 14040-901 São Paulo Brazil São Paulo State University (UNESP) Instituto de Física Teórica Rua Doutor Bento Teobaldo Ferraz 271 Bloco II Barra Funda 01140-070 São Paulo Brazil Epistemic Gomez & Gomez Ltda. Micro Empresa (ME) Rua Paulo Franco 520 Vila Leopoldina 05305-031 São Paulo Brazil

systems of oscillators whose internal phases and spatial dynamics are coupled, swarmalators, present diverse collective behaviors which in some cases lead to explosive synchronization in a finite population as a function of the coupling parameter between internal phases. Near the synchronization transition, the phase energy of the particles is represented by the XY model, and they undergo a transition which can be of the first order or the second depending on the distribution of natural frequencies of their internal dynamics. The first-order transition is obtained after an intermediate state (static wings phase wave state) from which the nodes, in cascade over time, achieve complete phase synchronization at a precise value of the coupling constant. For a particular case of natural frequencies distribution, a new phenomenon, the rotational splintered phase wave state, is observed and leads progressively to synchronization through clusters switching alternatively from one to two and for which the frequency decreases as the phase coupling increases.

关键词： Collective behavior in networks Dynamics of networks Network phase transitions Synchronization transition

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One-dimensional quasi bound states in the continuum with large operation bandwidth in the ω~k space for nonlinear optical applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sun, Kaili Jiang, Hui Bykov, Dmitry A. Van, Vien Levy, Uriel Cai, Yangjian Han, Zhanghua Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices Center of Light Manipulation and Applications School of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal University Jinan250358 China Image Processing Systems Institute Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" Russian Academy of Sciences 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st. Samara443001 Russia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonT6G 2V4 Canada Department of Applied Physics The center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel

The phenomenon of bound state in the continuum (BIC) with infinite quality factor and lifetime has emerged in recent years in photonics as a new tool of manipulating light-matter interactions. However, most of the investigated structures only support BIC resonances at very few discrete points in the ω~k space. Even when the BIC is switched to a quasi-BIC(QBIC) resonance through perturbation, its frequency will still be located within a narrow spectral band close to that of the original BIC, restricting their applications in many fields where random or multiple input frequencies beyond the narrow band are required. In this work, we demonstrate that a new set of QBIC resonances can be supported by making use of a special binary grating consisting of two alternatingly aligned ridge arrays with the same period and zero-approaching ridge width difference on a slab waveguide. These QBIC resonances are distributed continuously over a broad band along a line in the ω~k space and can thus be considered as one-dimensional QBICs. With the Q factors generally affected by the ridge difference, it is now possible to choose arbitrarily any frequencies on the dispersion line to achieve significantly enhanced light-matter interactions, facilitating many applications where multiple input wavelengths are required, e.g. sum or difference frequency generations in nonlinear optics. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resonance

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