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Development of a cascade processing method for microarray spot segmentation

3rd Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and image Analysis

作者： Daskalakis, Antonis Cavouras, Dionisis Bougioukos, Panagiotis Kostopoulos, Spiros Kalatzis, Ioannis Kagadis, George C. Nikiforidis, George Univ Patras Dept Med Phys Sch Med GR-26503 Rion Greece Technol Educ Inst Athens Med Signal & Image Processing Lab Dept Med Instrument Technol Athens 12210 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783540728467

A new method is proposed for improving microarray spot segmentation for gene quantification. The method introduces a novel combination of three image processing stages, applied locally to each spot image: i/ Fuzzy C-Means unsupervised clustering, for automatic spot background noise estimation, ii/ power spectrum deconvolution filter design, employing background noise information, for spot image restoration, iii/ Gradient-Vector-Flow (GVF-Snake), for spot boundary delineation. Microarray images used in this study comprised a publicly available dataset obtained from the database of the MicroArray Genome Imaging & Clustering Tool website. The proposed method performed better than the GVF-Snake algorithm (Kullback-Liebler metric: 0.0305 bits against 0.0194 bits) and the SPOT commercial software (pairwise mean absolute error between replicates: 0.234 against 0.303). Application of efficient adaptive spot-image restoration on cDNA microarray images improves spot segmentation and subsequent gene quantification.

关键词： Microarrays

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Decomposing bit planes to reduce compression requirement of lossless channels

Decomposing bit planes to reduce compression requirement of ...

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Mathematics of Data/image Coding, Compression, and Encryption V, with Applications

作者： Hayat, Asif Choi, Tae Sun Signal and Image Processing Lab. Department of Mechatronics Kwangju Inst. of Sci. and Technol. 1 Oryang-dong Puk-gu Kwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of

Segmentation of images to bit planes is one of the techniques for scalable image compression. Assuming our source image to be from a uniform quantizer, we categorize its bit planes on the basis of their significance, into two groups called MSB-planes and LSB-planes. The MSB planes contain low-entropy structural information, whereas LSB planes contain high entropy texture information. Due to the different nature of information and entropy of the two groups, they can be coded and reconstructed by different algorithms. The structural nature of MSB planes, make them more compressible at entropy coding stage, whereas the low significance of LSB-planes can be exploited against their high entropy. We realize the later by subsampling of LSB-planes, which in turn requires attention to the close coupling of MSB and LSB planes at the reconstruction stage. We introduce an estimation algorithm for the LSB planes. The reconstructed images are found to be perceptually comparable to the original images. Quantitative comparison also shows significant coding gain in terms of SNR vs. bit rate.

关键词： image segmentation

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Recent studies in the design of a self-paced brain interface with low false positive rate

Recent studies in the design of a self-paced brain interface...

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28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'06

作者： Fatourechi, Mehrdad Ward, Rabab K. Birch, Gary E. IEEE Image and Signal Processing Lab. University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Vancouver BC Canada University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Neil Squire Society

ISBN: (纸本)1424400325

The Undings of two recent studies that aim at developing a self-paced brain interface (BI) system with low false positive rates are discussed. The first study examines the use of information extracted from different neurological phenomena and the second study examines the wavelet coefficients extracted from a single neurological phenomenon. The analysis of the data of two subjects shows that both are successful at yielding low false positive rates. These studies also show that for each subject, a unique set of features and EEG channels lead to superior performance. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Neurology

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Design of 2-D filters composed of low-order systems 25

Design of 2-D filters composed of low-order systems

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25th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing, ICASSP 2000

作者： Saidi, Ali McClellan, James H. Motorola Labs DigitalDNA Architecture Research Lab SchaumburgIL60196 United States Georgia Institute of Technology Center for Signal and Image Processing AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780362934

In this paper, we introduce a new analytic approach to the design and analysis of 2-D systems composed of loworder systems used as building blocks. We construct loworder 2-D system functions whose unit-circle root contours can be approximated by a straight line. As a counterpart to a 1-D system function with zeros not on the unit-circle, we introduce the notion of system functions whose magnitude response has, approximately, a constant minimum along a controllable linear contour and show how to construct them. Using these low-order system functions as building blocks, in both cascade and parallel forms, we present a simple and efficient algorithm for designing frequency selective 2-D IIR filters based on summing 2-D all-pass filters. © 2000 IEEE.

关键词： All-pass filters

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Edge-adaptive transforms for efficient depth map coding

Edge-adaptive transforms for efficient depth map coding

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28th Picture Coding Symposium, PCS 2010

作者： Shen, G. Kim, W.-S. Narang, S.K. Ortega, A. Lee, Jaejoon Wey, HoCheon Signal and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California United States Multimedia Lab. Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781424471348

In this work a new set of edge-adaptive transforms (EATs) is presented as an alternative to the standard DCTs used in image and video coding applications. These transforms avoid filtering across edges in each image block, thus, they avoid creating large high frequency coefficients. These transforms are then combined with the DCT in H.264/AVC and a transform mode selection algorithm is used to choose between DCT and EAT in an RD-optimized manner. These transforms are applied to coding depth maps used for view synthesis in a multi-view video coding system, and provides up to 29% bit rate reduction for a fixed quality in the synthesized views. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： image coding

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Recovering 3D Shape of Weak Textured Surfaces

Recovering 3D Shape of Weak Textured Surfaces

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International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications (ICCSA)

作者： Mannan Saeed Muhammad Husna Mutahira Abdul Majid Tae-Sun Choi Signal and Image Processing Lab Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea

3D shape recovery of the object from its 2D images based on image focus has been an important field of research. Shape from focus (SFF) is one of the passive methods to recover the shape of the object. Mostly,existing approaches work well with dense textured objects; however, they cannot compute depth of weak textured scenes with great precision. In this paper, we propose a new SFF algorithm which improves there covered shape of weak textured objects. The proposed method is experimented and its performance is tested using different image sequences of synthetic and real objects with varying texture. The proposed approach provides better results as compared to previous approaches.

关键词： Surface texture Focusing Layout image sequences Lenses Cameras Laplace equations Optical noise Shape measurement signal processing

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Convoy detection processing by using the hybrid algorithm (GMCPHD/VS-IMMC-MHT) and dynamic bayesian networks

Convoy detection processing by using the hybrid algorithm (G...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Evangeline Pollard Benjamin Pannetier Michele Rombaut Information Processing and Modeling Department ONERA Image and Signal Department GIPSA-lab

ISBN: (纸本)9780982443804

Convoys are military objects of interests in certain applications like battlefield surveillance, that is why it is important to detect and track them in the midst of civilian traffic as part of the situation assessment. Our purpose is a process in two steps. The first is an original tracking algorithm appropriate for Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) data based on the hybridization of a labeled GMCPHD (Gaussian Mixture Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density) and the VS-IMMC-MHT (Variable Structure - Interacting Multiple Model with Constraints - Multiple Hypothesis Tracking): one is very efficient to estimate the number of targets and the other for the state estimates. Then, by using algorithm outputs and other data like video or SAR if they are available, vehicle aggregates are detected and their characteristic are introduced into a Dynamic Bayesian Network which processes the probability for an aggregate to be a convoy. Finally, the number of targets belonging to the convoy is evaluated. This process is tested on a complex simulated scenario, our tracking algorithm is compared to classical ones and used to compute the probability to have convoys.

关键词： Multitarget Tracking GMTI Convoy detection GMCPHD VS-IMMC-MHT Dynamic Bayesian network

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A New Demapping Technique for 16-APSK Modulation for Digital Video Broadcasting in AWGN Channel

A New Demapping Technique for 16-APSK Modulation for Digital...

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International Conference on Convergence Information Technology

作者： Pervaiz Ali Farhan Hussain Jechang Jeong Image Communication and Signal Processing Lab Hanyang University Seoul South Korea

In this paper, we propose new demapping scheme for the 16-APSK modulation, which reduces the computational complexity of demapping process. Compared to existing soft demapping methods, which calculate a decision metric for each constellation point, and hard demapping, which need a detailed look-up table, the new technique needs a short look-up table and no decision metric is needed to be calculated, thus reducing the complexity. The BER performance simulations reveal that this simplified demapping scheme does not cause any penalty on performance and retains same BER as those of existing techniques.

关键词： Digital modulation Digital video broadcasting AWGN channels Additive white noise Gaussian noise Satellite broadcasting Table lookup Bit error rate Phase modulation Peak to average power ratio

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Underwater video streaming using adaptive frame decimation

Underwater video streaming using adaptive frame decimation

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OCEANS - Europe

作者： Gilad Avrashi Shlomi Museri Yaakov Bucris Azriel Sinai Alon Amar Signal and Image Processing Lab. Technion Haifa Israel Signal Processing Department Acoustics Research Center Rafael Haifa Israel

We introduce a low data rate video compression scheme for underwater acoustic communication. Recently, multi-carrier based underwater acoustic modems have been proposed and tested for data rates of up to tens of kilobits-per-second for about 1-4 kilometers transmission range. Online transmission of video data using these rates requires extreme compression. Herein, we propose pre-encoder and post-decoder processing in order to reduce the data rate. This is done by exploiting the characteristics of underwater videos for excluding frames. The algorithm was tested and analyzed in simulation environment with several video samples taken by divers in shallow waters of the Mediterranean. We show that using this technique, increased performance is achieved compared to standard H.264/AVC based codecs in both objective and subjective terms.

关键词： Streaming media PSNR image edge detection Video coding Vectors Video compression Codecs

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Unsupervised spiking instance segmentation on event data using STDP: A preprint

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kirkland, Paul Manna, Davide L. Vicente-Sola, Alex Di Caterina, Gaetano Neuromorphic Sensor Signal Processing Lab Centre for Image and Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow United Kingdom

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) and the field of Neuromorphic Engineering has brought about a paradigm shift in how to approach Machine Learning (ML) and Computer Vision (CV) problem. This paradigm shift comes from the adaption of event-based sensing and processing. An event-based vision sensor allows for sparse and asynchronous events to be produced that are dynamically related to the scene. Allowing not only the spatial information but a high-fidelity of temporal information to be captured. Meanwhile avoiding the extra overhead and redundancy of conventional high frame rate approaches. However, with this change in paradigm, many techniques from traditional CV and ML are not applicable to these event-based spatial-temporal visual streams. As such a limited number of recognition, detection and segmentation approaches exist. In this paper, we present a novel approach that can perform instance segmentation using just the weights of a Spike Time Dependent Plasticity trained Spiking Convolutional Neural Network that was trained for object recognition. This exploits the spatial and temporal aspects of the network’s internal feature representations adding this new discriminative capability. We highlight the new capability by successfully transforming a single class unsupervised network for face detection into a multi-person face recognition and instance segmentation network. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Face recognition

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