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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wai-Chi Fang B.J. Sheu Ji-Chien Lee Advanced Computer Systems and Technology Section California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

A locally connected multi-layer stochastic neural network and its associated VLSI array neuroprocessors have been developed for high-performance image flow computing systems. An extendable VLSI neural chip has been designed with a silicon area of 4.6*6.8 mm/sup 2/ in a MOSIS 2 mu m scalable CMOS process. The mixed analog-digital design techniques are utilized to achieve compact and programmable synapses with gain-adjustable neurons and winner-take-all cells for massively parallel neural computation. Hardware annealing through the control of the neurons' gain helps to efficiently search the optimal solutions. Computing of image flow using one 2 mu m 72-neuron neural chip can be accelerated by a factor of 187 more than a Sun-4/260 workstation. Real-time image flow processing on industrial images is practical using an extended array of VLSI neural chips. Actual examples on moving trucks are presented.< >

关键词： Very large scale integration Neural network hardware Neurons Stochastic systems Neural networks Multi-layer neural network computer networks Silicon CMOS process Analog-digital conversion

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Active Gravity Gradient Torque Control for Earth-Orbiting Astronomical Telescopes

Active Gravity Gradient Torque Control for Earth-Orbiting As...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： A. G. Emslie J. Zhu Department of Physics University of Alabama Huntsville AL USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Remote Sensing and Image Processing Laboratory Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

The controlled pointing of an Earth-orbiting astronomical telescope in the presence of time-dependent gravity-gradient torques is studied using recent techniques for the analysis and synthesis of time-varying linear scalar dynamical systems. We present results which show that effective adaptive control of unstable motions due to gravity gradient torques can be accomplished, resulting in high pointing accuracy and stability for astronomical telescopes in both circular and elliptical orbits.

关键词： Gravity Torque control Telescopes Satellites Earth Motion control Orbits Physics computing Remote sensing image processing

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Efficient design and implementation of FIR filter banks with equal passband widths

Efficient design and implementation of FIR filter banks with...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： T. Saramaki J. Vidiscakova S.K. Mitra Signal Processing Laboratory Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Electronics Slovak Technical University Bratislava Slovakia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

An approach is presented for efficiently designing and implementing FIR (finite impulse response) filter banks with equal passband bandwidths. The overall bank of L filters is generated from a prototype 2Lth-band filter with the aid of a few additional coefficients and adders. The attractive properties of these filter banks are that the sum of filter outputs is guaranteed to be a pure delay and the passband bandwidths are the same for all the filters.< >

关键词： Finite impulse response filter Passband Filter bank Band pass filters Prototypes Stacking Channel bank filters Transfer functions Bandwidth Delay

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Reformulation of Chang's criterion for the absence of limit cycles using bilinear transform

Reformulation of Chang's criterion for the absence of limit ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： T.C. Macedo T. Laakso P.S.R. Diniz I. Hartimo Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory of Signal Processing and Computer Technology Helsinki University of Technology Espoo Finland

A procedure for the reformulation of Chang's criterion (1981) for the absence of zero-input limit cycles in recursive digital filters is presented. The technique employs the standard bilinear transform to convert a frequency-domain criterion into a polynomial form in terms of matrix transformations. The use of the method is illustrated with design examples applied to determine the stability region for certain single-quantizer recursive filter structures. The results can be utilized, e.g., in the design of an error feedback network for a given filter such that limit cycles are eliminated.< >

关键词： Limit-cycles Feedback Digital filters Stability criteria Paper technology Difference equations Frequency conversion Matrix converters Finite wordlength effects Adaptive filters

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Neural networks for sidescan sonar automatic target detection

Neural networks for sidescan sonar automatic target detectio...

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IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for signal processing

作者： M.J. LeBlanc E. Manolakos Fault-Tolerant Systems Division The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc. Cambridge MA USA Communications and Digital Signal Processing Center of Research and Graduate Studies Electrical & Computer Engineering Department Northeastern University Boston MA USA

The goal of this research is to develop a multi-layer feedforward neural network architecture which can distinguish targets (in this case, mines) from background clutter in sidescan sonar images. The network is to be implemented on a hardware neurocomputer currently in development at CSDL, with the goal of eventual real-time performance in the field. A variety of neural network architectures are developed, simulated, and evaluated in an attempt to find the best approach for this particular application. It has been found that classical statistical feature extraction is outperformed by a much less computationally expensive approach that simultaneously compresses and filters the raw data by taking a simple mean.< >

关键词： Neural networks Sonar detection Object detection Multi-layer neural network Feedforward neural networks Neural network hardware computer architecture Computational modeling Feature extraction Filters

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General criterion for the absence of limit cycles in filter structures with a single quantizer

General criterion for the absence of limit cycles in filter ...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： T. Laasko P.S.R. Diniz I. Hartimo Lab. of Signal Process. & Comput. Technol. Helsinki Univ. of Technol. Espoo Finland Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory of Signal Processing and Computer Technology Helsinki University of Technology Espoo Finland

A criterion for the absence of zero-input limit cycles in recursive digital filter structures that can be implemented with a single quantizer in the recursive loop is presented. The criterion can be applied with a rounding or with a magnitude truncation quantizer and accounts for the use of error feedback as well. Additionally, a criterion for the elimination of constant-input limit cycles is formulated. The criteria are applied to several well-known filter structures. Since most of the structures have previously been analyzed in a multiquantizer implementation only, new results on their stability properties in the single-quantizer configuration are obtained.< >

关键词： Limit-cycles Digital filters Feedback Quantization Finite impulse response filter Transfer functions Stability analysis Lattices Steady-state Noise reduction

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Electromagnetic imaging of dynamic brain activity

Electromagnetic imaging of dynamic brain activity

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： J. Mosher P. Lewis J. Lewine J. George R. Leahy M. Singh Univ. of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Mechanical & Electronic Engineering Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA Signal & Image Processing Institute Department Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Radiology University of Southern California Los Alamos CA USA

Neural activity in the brain produces weak dynamic electromagnetic fields that can be measured by an array of sensors. Using a spatiotemporal modeling framework, a novel approach to localization of multiple neural sources has been developed. This approach is based on the MUSIC algorithm originally developed for estimating the direction of arrival of signals impinging on a sensor array. The authors present applications of this technique to magnetic field measurements of a phantom and of a human evoked somatosensory response. The results of the somatosensory localization are mapped onto the brain anatomy obtained from magnetic resonance images.< >

关键词： Brain Sensor arrays Magnetic field measurement Magnetic sensors Electromagnetic fields Electromagnetic measurements Spatiotemporal phenomena Multiple signal classification Direction of arrival estimation Imaging phantoms

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FULL-WAVE SOLUTION OF DIELECTRIC LOADED WAVE-GUIDES AND SHIELDED MICROSTRIPS UTILIZING FINITE-DIFFERENCE AND THE CONJUGATE-GRADIENT METHOD

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE AND MILLIMETER-WAVE computer-AIDED engineering 1991年第4期1卷 346-357页

作者： NARAYANAN, V MANELA, M LADE, RK SARKAR, TK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Syracuse University Syracuse New York 13244-1240 Viswanathan Narayanan was born in Bangalore India on December 14 1965. He received the BE degree in Electronics and Communications from B.M.S. College of Engineering Bangalore in 1988. He joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at Syracuse University for his graduate studies in 1989 where he is currently a research assistant. His research interests are in microwave measurements numerical electromagnetics and signal processing. Biographies and photos are not available for M. Manela and R. K. Lade. Tapan K. Sarkar (Sf69-M'76-SM'X1) was born in Calcutta. India on August 2 1948. He received the BTech degree from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India in 1969 the MScE degree from the University of New Brunswick Fredericton Canada in 1971. and the MS and PhD degrees from Syracuse University. Syracuse NY in 1975. From 1975-1976 he was with the TACO Division of the General Instruments Corporation. He was with the Rochester Institute of Technology (Rochester NY) from 1976-1985. He was a Research Fellow at the Gordon Mckay Laboratory Harvard University Cambridge MA from 1977 to 1978. He is now a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Syracuse University. His current research interests deal with numerical solutions of operator equations arising in electromagnetics and signal processing with application to system design. He obtained one of the “ best solution” awards in May 1977 at the Rome Air Development Center (RADC) Spectral Estimation Workshop. He has authored or coauthored more than 154 journal articles and conference papers and has written chapters in eight books. Dr. Sarkar is a registered professional engineer in the state of New York. He received the Best Paper Award of the IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility in 1979. He was an Associate Editor for feature articles of the lEEE Antennas arid Propagation Sociefy Newsletter and was

Dynamic analysis of waveguide structures containing dielectric and metal strips is presented. The analysis utilizes a finite difference frequency domain procedure to reduce the problem to a symmetric matrix eigenvalue problem. Since the matrix is also sparse, the eigenvalue problem can be solved quickly and efficiently using the conjugate gradient method resulting in considerable savings in computer storage and time. Comparison is made with the analytical solution for the loaded dielectric waveguide case. For the microstrip case, we get both waveguide modes and quasi-TEM modes. The quasi-TEM modes in the limit of zero frequency are checked with the static analysis which also uses finite difference. Some of the quasi-TEM modes are spurious. This article describes their origin and discusses how to eliminate them. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the principles.

关键词： Waveguides

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DESIGN OF LINEAR-PHASE FIR NOTCH FILTERS

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SADHANA-ACADEMY PROCEEDINGS IN engineering SCIENCES 1990年第3期15卷 133-155页

作者： YU, TH MITRA, SK BABIC, H Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara USA Electrotechnical Faculty University of Zagreb Zagreb Yugoslavia

This paper investigates some approaches for designing one-dimensional linear phase finite-duration impulse-responses (FIR) notch filters, which are based on the modification of several established design techniques of linear phase FIR band-selective filters. Based on extensive design examples and theoretical analysis, formulae have been developed for estimating the length of a linear phase FIR notch filter meeting the given specifications. In addition, the design of two-dimensional linear phase FIR notch filters is briefly considered. Illustrative examples are included.

关键词： FIR DIGITAL FILTER DIGITAL FILTER DESIGN DIGITAL NOTCH FILTER

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Detail-preserving impulse noise removal of images using modified dynamic programming

Detail-preserving impulse noise removal of images using modi...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Tian-Hu Yu S.K. Mitra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

An algorithm that removes impulse noise in images using a modified dynamic programming method is outlined. The restoration process combines two operations. In the first operation, the pixels corrupted by impulse noise are detected by a dynamic programming based searching strategy. In the second operation, the original gray levels of the noisy pixels are estimated by a linear interpolation or extrapolation approach. A separable process is used to detect the noisy pixels of the images. In order to preserve the details of the images and reduce the computational complexity of conventional dynamic programming, two modifications have been developed. One is called neighborhood searching with an adaptive figure of merit and the other is called overlapping block processing. The actual performance of the proposed technique is compared with that of the commonly used median filter by filtering noise-corrupted images. Some computational considerations are also discussed.< >

关键词： Dynamic programming image restoration Noise level Interpolation Extrapolation Pixel Computational complexity Filters Filtering

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