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Deep Learning-Enabled, Computed Tomography-Based Race- and Sex-Specific Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thresholds for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification

Deep Learning-Enabled, Computed Tomography-Based Race- and S...

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Medical Imaging 2025: Clinical and Biomedical Imaging

作者： Buchwald, Mikolaj Shanbhag, Aakash Miller, Robert J.H. Zhang, Wenhao Michalowska, Anna M. Killekar, Aditya Lemley, Mark Kavanagh, Paul B. Fujito, Hidesato Liang, Joanna X. Builoff, Valerie Knight, Stacey Einstein, Andrew J. Miller, Edward J. Feher, Atilla Sinusas, Albert J. Chareonthaitawee, Panithaya Bullock-Palmer, Renee P. Di Carli, Marcelo F. Berman, Daniel S. Dey, Damini Slomka, Piotr J. Departments of Medicine Division of Artificial Intelligence in MedicineImaging and Biomedical Sciences Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los AngelesCA United States Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center Polish Academy of Sciences Poznan Poland Signal and Image Processing Institute Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Department of Cardiac Sciences University of Calgary CalgaryAB Canada Center of Radiological Diagnostics National Medical Institute The Ministry of the Interior and Administration Warsaw Poland Department of Cardiology Nihon University Itabashi Hospital Tokyo Japan Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute MurrayUT United States Division of Cardiology Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York CityNY United States Section of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT United States Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic RochesterMN United States Department of Cardiology Deborah Heart and Lung Center Browns MillsNJ United States Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Cardiovascular Imaging Program Departments of Radiology and Medicine Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685987

While the volume of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been linked to various conditions and showed a prognostic value of cardiovascular events, an insufficient effort was put into proposing clear, race- and sex-specific thresholds of high-risk and low-risk EAT amounts. Also, previous works focused on the absolute volume of EAT in milliliters, adjusted to the body size of the patients, and none has proposed a relative measure of what is the amount of EAT for a given patient also in reference to the size of the patient’s heart. In this retrospective study, computed tomography attenuation correction (CTAC) scans from 20,587 patients (58% male;84% White, 13% Black, 3% Asian) from 6 sites were used. With the previously described deep learning (DL)-based method, EAT values per patient were calculated, and subsequently normalized using either the DL-obtained cardiac volume mask, body size, or both. The association between the percent of EAT in reference to the heart size and incident mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) was evaluated with Cox models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, race, cigarette smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, family history of coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, and left ventricle size. In total, 4,133 events were observed over a period of 6-year follow-up. Our analysis showed that when the amount of EAT was normalized jointly for body surface area and heart size, the predictive effect of EAT was diminished (p=0.85). Patients with higher EAT density, however, were more likely to experience death or MI during follow-up (p © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Self-supervised model-informed deep learning for low-SNR SS-OCT domain transformation

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Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 17791页

作者： Sajed Rakhshani Amirali Arbab Aref Habibi Mohsen Pourazizi Mahnoosh Tajmirriahi Farnaz Sedighin Hossein Rabbani Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran. Department of Ophthalmology Isfahan Eye Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran. Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran. rabbani.h@***.

This article introduces a novel deep-learning based framework, Super-resolution/Denoising network (SDNet), for simultaneous denoising and super-resolution of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images. The novelty of this work lies in the hybrid integration of data-driven deep-learning with a model-informed noise representation, specifically designed to address the very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low-resolution challenges in SS-OCT imaging. SDNet introduces a two-step training process, leveraging noise-free OCT references to simulate low-SNR conditions. In the first step, the network learns to enhance noisy images by combining denoising and super-resolution within noise-corrupted reference domain. To refine its performance, the second step incorporates Principle Component Analysis (PCA) as self-supervised denoising strategy, eliminating the need for ground-truth noisy image data. This unique approach enhances SDNet's adaptability and clinical relevance. A key advantage of SDNet is its ability to balance contrast-texture by adjusting the weights of the two training steps, offering clinicians flexibility for specific diagnostic needs. Experimental results across diverse datasets demonstrate that SDNet surpasses traditional model-based and data-driven methods in computational efficiency, noise reduction, and structural fidelity. The framework excels in improving both image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, SDNet shows promising adaptability for analyzing low-resolution, low-SNR OCT images, such as those from patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). This study establishes SDNet as a robust, efficient, and clinically adaptable solution for OCT image enhancement addressing critical limitations in contemporary imaging workflows.

关键词： Denoising Low-SNR OCT Model-aware deep learning Self-supervised learning Super-resolution

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Enhanced Machine Learning Approaches for Diagnosing Building Systems

Enhanced Machine Learning Approaches for Diagnosing Building...

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2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

作者： Gharsellaoui, Sondes Mansouri, Majdi Refaat, Shady S. Abu-Rub, Haitham Messaoud, Hassani National Higher Engineering School of Tunis Electrical Engineering Department Monfleury Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar National Engineering School of Monastir Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing Monastir Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

Fault Detection and Classification (FDC) in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems is an important approach to guarantee the human safety of these systems. Therefore, the implementation of a FDC framework is the focus in this paper. The developed approach aims at reducing the energy needs for buildings and improving indoor environment quality. It merges the benefits of multiscale representation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Machine Learning (ML) classifiers in order to improve the efficiency of FDC in heating systems. Firstly, a multiscale decomposition is used to extract the dynamics of the systems at different scales. The multiscale representation gives several advantages for monitoring heating systems generally driven by events in different time and frequency responses. Secondly, the multiscaled data-sets are then introduced into the PCA model to extract more efficient characteristics. Thirdly, the ML algorithms are applied to the extracted and selected characteristics to deal with the problem of fault diagnosis. The FDC efficiency of the developed technique is evaluated using a simulated data extracted from heating systems. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Restoration-enhanced reversible information steganography network for CT images in the Internet of Medical Things

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年

作者： Chen, Kai Chen, Yang Coatrieux, Gouenou Wu, Jiasong Coatrieux, Jean-Louis School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Southeast University Nanjing210096 China IMT Atlantique Inserm LaTIM UMR1101 Brest29000 France Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de L'Image Université de Rennes 1 RennesF-35000 France Centre de Recherche en Information Biomédicale Sino-francais Rennes35042 France National Institute for Health and Medical Research RennesF-35000 France Jiangsu Provincial Joint International Research Laboratory of Medical Information Processing School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging Department of Radiology Zhongda Hospital Southeast University Nanjing210009 China Ministry of Education Nanjing210096 China Ministry of Education Nanjing210096 China

Smart health and emotional care powered by the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) are revolutionizing the healthcare industry by adopting several technologies related to multimodal physiological data collection, communication, intelligent automation, and efficient manufacturing. The security of medical images containing private patient information distributed in IoMT is of paramount importance in social communication, and guaranteeing their reliability has attracted widespread attention. Some existing medical image steganography methods fail to guarantee the original image's integrity, authenticity, and lossless restoration. To solve this problem, a restoration-enhanced reversible adaptive information steganography network, MediSR-Net, is proposed. Specifically, MediSR-Net consists of an analysis module and an encoding module. The image degradation-restoration strategy is exploited by the analysis module to improve the effectiveness of information embedding and perceptual field to reduce the error of pixel prediction. An information distillation and attention machine-based approach are adopted to achieve degradation-restoration of CT medical images at any scale and focus more on the degradation-restoration effect with small magnification factors. The encoding module is responsible for the embedding and extraction of privacy information. Ten state-of-the-art are compared with the MediSR-Net method concerning steganographic effect, embedding rate, distortion analysis, and prediction error. The qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of MediSR-Net. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Steganography

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Machine Learning based Multiscale Reduced Kernel PCA for Nonlinear Process Monitoring

Machine Learning based Multiscale Reduced Kernel PCA for Non...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, signals and Devices

作者： Khaled Dhibi Radhia Fezai Kais Bouzrara Majdi Mansouri Abdelmalek Kouadri Mohamed-Faouzi Harkat Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing School of Engineers of Monastir University of Monastir Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

ISBN: (数字)9781728110806

ISBN: (纸本)9781728110813

Fault detection (FD) is fundamental for monitoring several chemical processes. Thus, this paper introduces a novel structure multiscale reduced kernel principal component analysis (MS-RKPCA). The proposed FD method aims to address the problem of great computation time and significant storage memory space by using a data reduction structure based on the Euclidean distance metric. Additionally, to further enhance the RKPCA method, a multiscale representation of data will be used. The enhanced MS-RKPCA method uses the wavelet coefficients of the reduced data at each scale to enhance the fault detection results. The detection performance of the proposed MS-RKPCA method is evaluated using the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP). The effectiveness of the enhanced method is evaluated in terms of the missed detection rates (MDR), false alarms rates (FAR) and computation time (CT). The results demonstrate that the developed technique is more effective for fault detection mostly in terms of computation time and memory storage space.

关键词： Fault detection Computational modeling Euclidean distance Wavelet analysis Kernel Principal component analysis Wavelet coefficients

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Fault detection of uncertain nonlinear process using interval-valued data-driven approach

Fault detection of uncertain nonlinear process using interva...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, signals and Devices

作者： Khaled Dhibi Radhia Fezai Kais Bouzrara Majdi Mansouri Abdelmalek Kouadri Mohamed-Faouzi Harkat Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing National School of Engineers of Monastir University of Monastir Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

ISBN: (数字)9781728110806

ISBN: (纸本)9781728110813

Kernel PCA (KPCA) has been extensively applied in fault detection (FD) field. However, it is constantly not optimal for uncertain systems and is not designed to handle large-scale process monitoring. Thus, a nonlinear fault detection (FD) method based interval reduced KPCA (IRKPCA) is developed for fault detection. The proposed IRKPCA technique uses interval-valued Euclidean distance as a criterion to maintain only the more pertinent measurements. The FD abilities of the IRKPCA technique is assessed using the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP). The effectiveness of the proposed technique is assessed in terms of computation time (CT), false alarm rate (FAR)and missed detection rate (MDR).

关键词： Uncertain systems Uncertainty Fault detection Tools Nonlinear systems Kernel Principal component analysis

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Machine Learning based Reduced Kernel PCA for Nonlinear Process Monitoring

Machine Learning based Reduced Kernel PCA for Nonlinear Proc...

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2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

作者： Dhibi, Khaled Fezai, Radhia Mansouri, Majdi Kouadri, Abdelmalek Bouzrara, Kais Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing National School of Engineers of Monastir University of Monastir 5019 Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

Process monitoring is an essential part of industrial systems. It requires higher product quality and safety operations. Therefore, a nonlinear data-driven approach based reduced KPCA (RKPCA) for statistical monitoring of industrial processes is developed. RKPCA is a novel machine learning tool which merges dimensionality reduction and supervised learning. The use of classical KPCA for modeling and monitoring purposes can impose a high computational load when a large number of measurements are recorded. The main idea of the proposed RKPCA approach is to reduce the number of observations (samples) in the data matrix using the Euclidean distance between samples as dissimilarity metric so that only one observation is kept in case of redundancy. The Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) is used to evaluate the fault detection abilities of the proposed RKPCA technique. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated and compared to the classical KPCA in terms of false alarms rates (FAR), missed detection rates (MDR) and computation times (CT). © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Discrete, recurrent, and scalable patterns in human judgement underlie affective picture ratings

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Azcona, Emanuel A. Kim, Byoung-Woo Vike, Nicole L. Bari, Sumra Lalvani, Shamal Stefanopoulos, Leandros Woodward, Sean Block, Martin Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. Breiter, Hans C. Image and Video Processing Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Northwestern University ChicagoIL United States Integrated Marketing Communications Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Radiology Northwestern University ChicagoIL United States Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard School of Medicine BostonMA United States

Operant keypress tasks, where each action has a consequence, have been analogized to the construct of "wanting" and produce lawful relationships in humans that quantify preferences for approach and avoidance behavior. It is unknown if rating tasks without an operant framework, which can be analogized to "liking", show similar lawful relationships. We studied three independent cohorts of participants (N = 501, 506, and 4,019 participants) collected by two distinct organizations, using the same 7-point Likert scale to rate negative to positive preferences for pictures from the International Affective Picture Set. Picture ratings without an operant framework produced similar value functions, limit functions, and tradeoff functions to those reported in the literature for operant keypress tasks, all with Rn goodness of fits above 0.75. These value, limit, and trade-off functions were discrete in their mathematical formulation, recurrent across all three independent cohorts, and demonstrated scaling between individual and group curves. In all three experiments, the computation of loss aversion showed 95% confidence intervals below the value of 2, arguing against a strong overweighting of losses relative to gains, as has previously been reported for keypress tasks or games of chance with calibrated uncertainty. Graphed features from the three cohorts were similar and argue that preference assessments meet three of four criteria for lawfulness, providing a simple, short, and low-cost method for the quantitative assessment of preference without forced choice decisions, games of chance, or operant keypressing. This approach can easily be implemented on any digital device with a screen (e.g., cellphones). © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Big data

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Annotating motion primitives for simplifying action search in reinforcement learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sledge, Isaac J. Bryner, Darshan W. Príncipe, José C. The Advanced Signal Processing and Automated Target Recognition Branch Naval Surface Warfare Center Panama CityFL United States The Branch Head of the Advanced Signal Processing and Automated Target Recognition Branch Naval Surface Warfare Center Panama CityFL32407 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States The Computational NeuroEngineering Laboratory University of Florida United States

Reinforcement learning in large-scale environments is challenging due to the many possible actions that can be taken in specific situations. We have previously developed a means of constraining, and hence speeding up, the search process through the use of motion primitives;motion primitives are sequences of pre-specified actions taken across a state series. As a byproduct of this work, we have found that if the motion primitives' motions and actions are labeled, then the search can be sped up further. Since motion primitives may initially lack such details, we propose a theoretically viewpoint-insensitive and speed-insensitive means of automatically annotating the underlying motions and actions. We do this through a differential-geometric, spatio-temporal kinematics descriptor, which analyzes how the poses of entities in two motion sequences change over time. We use this descriptor in conjunction with a weighted-nearest-neighbor classifier to label the primitives using a limited set of training examples. In our experiments, we achieve high motion and action annotation rates for human-action-derived primitives with as few as one training sample. We also demonstrate that reinforcement learning using accurately labeled trajectories leads to high-performing policies more quickly than standard reinforcement learning techniques. This is partly because motion primitives encode prior domain knowledge and preempt the need to re-discover that knowledge during training. It is also because agents can leverage the labels to systematically ignore action classes that do not facilitate task objectives, thereby reducing the action space. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Generalized Multi-View Embedding for Visual Recognition and Cross-Modal Retrieval

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2018年第9期48卷 2542-2555页

作者： Cao, Guanqun Iosifidis, Alexandros Chen, Ke Gabbouj, Moncef Laboratory of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark

In this paper, the problem of multi-view embedding from different visual cues and modalities is considered. We propose a unified solution for subspace learning methods using the Rayleigh quotient, which is extensible for multiple views, supervised learning, and nonlinear embeddings. Numerous methods including canonical correlation analysis, partial least square regression, and linear discriminant analysis are studied using specific intrinsic and penalty graphs within the same framework. Nonlinear extensions based on kernels and (deep) neural networks are derived, achieving better performance than the linear ones. Moreover, a novel multi-view modular discriminant analysis is proposed by taking the view difference into consideration. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-view embedding methods on visual object recognition and cross-modal image retrieval, and obtain superior results in both applications compared to related methods.

关键词： Cross-modal retrieval multi-view discriminant embedding multi-view subspace learning visual recognition

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