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Free-form surface registration using surface signatures

Free-form surface registration using surface signatures

引用

International Conference on computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： S.M. Yamany A.A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

The paper introduces a new free-form surface representation scheme for the purpose of fast and accurate registration and matching. Accurate registration of surfaces is a common task in computer vision. The proposed representation scheme captures the surface curvature information seen from certain points and produces images called surface signatures at these points. Matching signatures of different surfaces enables the recovery of the transformation parameters between these surfaces. We propose to use template matching to compare the signature images. To enable partial matching, another criterion, the overlap ratio, is used. This representation scheme can be used as a global representation of the surface as well as a local one and performs near real time registration. We show that the signature representation can be used to match objects in 3D scenes in the presence of clutter and occlusion. Applications presented include free-form object matching, multimodal medical volume registration and dental teeth reconstruction from intra-oral images.

关键词： Shape computer vision Surface reconstruction Application software Biomedical imaging image processing Layout Dentistry Teeth image reconstruction

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On the robustness of vector set partitioning image coders to bit errors

On the robustness of vector set partitioning image coders to...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： D. Mukherjee S.K. Mitra Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

A vector enhancement of Said and Pearlman's Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) methodology, named VSPIHT has recently been proposed for embedded wavelet image compression. A major advantage of vector based embedded coding with fixed length VQs over scalar embedded coding, is its superior robustness to noise. In this work we show that vector set partitioning can effectively alter the balance of bits in the bit stream so that significantly fewer critical bits carrying significant information is transmitted, thereby improving inherent noise resilience. Additionally, the degradation in reconstruction quality caused by errors in non-critical quantization information, can be reduced by appropriate VQ indexing, or designing channel optimized VQs for the successive refinement systems. For very noisy channels unequal error protection to the critical and non critical bits with either block codes or convolution codes are used. Extensive simulation results are presented.

关键词： image coding Noise robustness Streaming media Resilience Degradation image reconstruction Quantization Indexing Design optimization Error correction codes

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Rigid neuroendoscope navigation system for minimally invasive surgery

Rigid neuroendoscope navigation system for minimally invasiv...

引用

Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A.M. Eldeib A. Mohamed A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

This paper describes a high precision navigation system that helps neurosurgeons identify more easily the neuroendoscope's tip location in the patient's brain that can significantly reduce the length and increase the accuracy of minimally invasive procedures. It is an image-guided neurosurgery system that provides integrated information of preoperative 3-D medical volumes, intra-operative neuroendoscope 2-D images, position information of the endoscope and surgical tools. The system's components include data acquisition, segmentation, multi-modal registration, 3-D surface and volume reconstruction, 3-D visualization, surgical simulation and integration of tracking systems. An articulated arm (digitizer) is used for automated registration of the 3-D model to the patient, then it is integrated with the system to dynamically localize surgical instruments and the patient's head in the patient's coordinate system. The visualization subsystem shows the position and orientation of the neuroendoscope's tip in the 3-D model of preoperative Magnetic Resonance (MR) volume and in the three orthogonal (sagittal, cronoal and axial) MR slices. The system's components and clinical applications are described.

关键词： Navigation Minimally invasive surgery Neurosurgery Biomedical imaging Endoscopes Data acquisition image segmentation Surface reconstruction image reconstruction Data visualization

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Channel equalization by feedforward neural networks

Channel equalization by feedforward neural networks

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： B. Lu B.L. Evans Embedded Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Technology Austin TX USA

A signal suffers from nonlinear, linear, and additive distortion when transmitted through a channel. Linear equalizers are commonly used in receivers to compensate for linear channel distortion. As an alternative, nonlinear equalizers have the potential to compensate for all three sources of channel distortion. Previous authors have shown that nonlinear feedforward equalizers based on either multilayer perceptron (MLP) or radial basis function (RBF) neural networks can outperform linear equalizers. In this paper, we compare the performance of MLP vs. RBF equalizers in terms of symbol error rate vs. SNR. We design a reduced complexity neural network equalizer by cascading an MLP and a RBF network. In simulation, the new MLP-RBF equalizer outperforms MLP equalizers and RBF equalizers.

关键词： Neural networks Feedforward neural networks Equalizers Neurons Backpropagation algorithms Least squares approximation Convergence Simulated annealing Bayesian methods Finite impulse response filter

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Underground imaging based on edge-preserving regularization

Underground imaging based on edge-preserving regularization

引用

International Conference on Information Intelligence and Systems

作者： H. Feng D.A. Castanon W.C. Karl Multi-Dimensional Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA

Develops approaches for imaging weak-contrast buried objects using data from a ground penetrating radar array. An approximate physical model relating the collected data to the underground objects is developed. This model uses ray optics to represent the air/soil interface, and a Born approximation to model the weak contrast backscattering from buried objects. In order to address both modeling errors and ill-posedness, the proposed image reconstruction algorithms use regularization based on a total variation norm with orientation preference. The algorithms are tested on data generated by nonlinear finite difference time domain electromagnetic simulations.

关键词： Buried object detection Optical imaging Ground penetrating radar Nonlinear optics Soil Scattering Approximation methods Backscatter image reconstruction Testing

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Optimal design of real and complex minimum phase digital FIR filters

Optimal design of real and complex minimum phase digital FIR...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： N. Damera-Venkata B.L. Evans Embedded Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

We present a generalized optimal minimum phase digital FIR filter design algorithm that supports (1) arbitrary magnitude response specifications, (2) high coefficient accuracy, and (3) real and complex filters. The algorithm uses the discrete Hilbert transform relationship between the magnitude spectrum of a causal real sequence and its minimum phase delay phase spectrum given by Cizek (1970). We extend the transform pair to the complex case and show that the algorithm gives arbitrary coefficient accuracy. We present design examples that exceed the coefficient accuracy of the optimal real minimum phase filters reported by Chen and Parks (1986) and reduce the length of the optimal complex linear phase filters designed by Karam and McClellan (1995).

关键词： Finite impulse response filter Digital filters Nonlinear filters Algorithm design and analysis Polynomials signal processing algorithms Delay Discrete transforms Chebyshev approximation Cepstrum

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Analysis of stochastic gradient identification of polynomial nonlinear systems with memory

Analysis of stochastic gradient identification of polynomial...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： P. Celka N.J. Bershad J.M. Vesin Department of Electrical Engineering Signal Processing Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Switzerland Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Irvine USA

This paper presents analytical, numerical and experimental results for a stochastic gradient adaptive scheme which identifies a polynomial-type nonlinear system with memory for noisy output observations. The analysis includes the computation of the stationary points, the mean square error surface, and the mean behaviour of the algorithm for Gaussian data. Monte Carlo simulations confirm the theoretical predictions which show a small sensitivity to the observation noise.

关键词： Stochastic systems Polynomials Nonlinear systems Nonlinear filters Least squares approximation signal analysis Algorithm design and analysis signal processing algorithms Mean square error methods signal to noise ratio

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A wavelet based stereo image coding algorithm

A wavelet based stereo image coding algorithm

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Qin Jiang Joon Jae Lee M.H. Hayes Center for Signal and Image Processing School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Department of Computer Engineering Dong Seo University busan South Korea

Stereo image pair coding is an important issue in stereo data compression. A wavelet based stereo image pair coding algorithm is proposed in this paper. The wavelet transform is used to decompose the image into an approximation image and three edge images. In the wavelet domain, a disparity estimation technique is developed to estimate the disparity field using both approximation image and edge images. To improve the accuracy of estimation of wavelet images produced by the disparity compensation technique, a novel wavelet based subspace projection technique (SPT) is developed. In the SPT, the block dependent subspaces are constructed using block varying basis vectors that are derived from the disparity compensated wavelet images. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient to achieve stereo image compression.

关键词： image coding Wavelet domain Wavelet transforms Layout image storage Decoding Wavelet analysis signal processing image processing Data compression

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Coding distortion caused by a phase difference between the LP filter and its residual

Coding distortion caused by a phase difference between the L...

引用

IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding Proceedings

作者： M. Tammi V.T. Ruoppila S. Kuusisto J. Saarinen Signal Processing Laboratory Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Sherbrooke QUE Canada

Several speech coding algorithms modify the time scale of the residual signal to facilitate efficient coding of pitch information. Time scaling, however, results in a phase difference between the coded residual signal and the time-variant linear prediction (LP) filter used for synthesis in the decoder. In this paper, we examine the coding distortion induced by this phase difference. Moreover, we show that it may cause audible artifacts to the synthesized speech even if lossless coding of all parameters is employed. These artifacts occur particularly at onsets when the frequency response of successive LP filters changes rapidly. A waveform interpolation coder is used to illustrate the effects of the phase mismatch.

关键词： Phase distortion Filters Speech synthesis signal synthesis Speech coding Speech analysis Interpolation signal processing algorithms Filtering signal analysis

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Excluding specified colors from image queries using a multidimensional query space 3rd

Excluding specified colors from image queries using a multid...

引用

3rd International Conference on Visual Information Systems, VISUAL 1999

作者： Androutsos, Dimitrios Plataniotis, Kostas N. Venetsanopoulos, Anastasios N. University of Toronto Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Digital Signal and Image Processing Lab 10 King’s College Road TorontoONM5S 3G4 Canada Ryerson Polytechnic University Department of Math Physics and Computer Science 350 Victoria Street TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540660798

Retrieving images in a database based on user specified colors is a popular low-level retrieval technique. However, the available systems today do not easily allow for a user or a specified query to tag certain colors as unwanted in the query result to ultimately be excluded in the query. Specifically, color histogram techniques do not allow for a direct approach to excluding colors and would require a separate query stage to filter out images containing unwanted colors. In this paper we present our vector-based scheme to image retrieval using a multidimensional query space which naturally accepts the exclusion of specified colors in the overall similarity measure. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999.

关键词： Color

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