This paper presents a 2-D filtering scheme for stereo image compression using sequential orthogonal subspace updating (SOSU). The basis vectors for this representation include an extended set of blocks in the support ...
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This paper presents a 2-D filtering scheme for stereo image compression using sequential orthogonal subspace updating (SOSU). The basis vectors for this representation include an extended set of blocks in the support region as well as some edge blocks for providing better compensation ability for edges and boundaries of objects. The desired image block is then projected onto a selected subset of these vectors for optimal expansion. The basis vectors are selected one by one in order of importance using the Gram-Schmidt (GS) orthogonalization procedure. The proposed scheme is inspired from the least-squares (LS) based 2-D filtering scheme of Seo, Azimi-Sadjadi and Tian (see Intl. Conf. imageprocessing, vol.3, p.260-3, 1997) while circumventing its limitations by enhancing the compensation ability for the mismatching problems in stereo image pairs. Simulation results demonstrate excellent performance of the proposed scheme when compared to those of the hybrid disparity-compensated discrete cosine transform (DCT) residual coding and the LS-based 2-D filtering schemes.
This paper presents a 2-D filtering scheme for stereo image compression using orthogonal subspace projection. To provide more candidate blocks for input data, the support region for input data is extended in the refer...
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This paper presents a 2-D filtering scheme for stereo image compression using orthogonal subspace projection. To provide more candidate blocks for input data, the support region for input data is extended in the reference image. In addition, edge blocks are added to the candidate input blocks in order to provide better compensation ability for edges and boundaries of objects. The best blocks for input data are selected one by one in order of importance to reconstruct the desired block using the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization algorithm. Simulation results exhibit excellent performance of the proposed scheme when compared to those of the standard block-matching and least-squares(LS)-based 2-D filtering schemes.
In this paper, we present the extension of solutions to the multiscale deconvolution problem which appears in sensor array applications. The sensor outputs are assumed to be generated as a convolution of the unknown s...
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In this paper, we present the extension of solutions to the multiscale deconvolution problem which appears in sensor array applications. The sensor outputs are assumed to be generated as a convolution of the unknown source signal, the so-called wavelet, with various time-scaled versions of an unknown impulse response of the medium, namely reflectivity sequences. Methods to deconvolve these signals are available if the scaling effects, referred to as time-scale factors, are truly known. Here we show that time-scale factors between the system impulse responses can be obtained from the sensor array measurements by using the scale transform properties which yield "absolutely blind" multiscale deconvolution scheme.
We present a technique for coarsely extracting the regions of natural color images which contain directional detail, e.g.. edges, texture, etc.. and smooth color regions. which we then use for image database indexing....
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We present a technique for coarsely extracting the regions of natural color images which contain directional detail, e.g.. edges, texture, etc.. and smooth color regions. which we then use for image database indexing. As a measure of color activity, we use a perceptually modified distance measure based on the sum-of-Angles criterion. We then apply histogram thresholding techniques to separate the image into smooth color regions and busy regions where edge, texture and color activity exists. Color segmentation is performed on the smooth areas using HSV histogram techniques, to obtain image regions with one dominant average color. Database indices are then created from the busy regions using the directional detail histogram technique along with the color vectors representing the segmented smooth areas. image retrieval is then performed using the histogram intersection method for the detailed areas and color vector distance measures are utilized for retrieval of the smooth color regions.
A novel approach has been developed for fast registration of two sets of 3-D curves or surfaces. The technique is an extension of Besl and Mackay's (1992) iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. This technique so...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818688211
A novel approach has been developed for fast registration of two sets of 3-D curves or surfaces. The technique is an extension of Besl and Mackay's (1992) iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. This technique solves the computational complexity associated with the ICP algorithm by applying a novel grid closest point (GCP) transform and a genetic algorithm to minimize the cost function. A detailed description of the algorithm is presented along with a comparison of its performance versus several registration techniques. Two applications are presented in this paper. In the first, the algorithm is used to register 2-D head contours extracted from CT/MRI data to correct for possible mis-alignment caused by motion artifacts during scanning. In the second, the algorithm is used to register 3-D segments of the human jaw obtained using the shape from shading technique. Registration using the GCP/GA technique is found to be significantly faster and of comparable accuracy than two popular techniques in the computer vision and medical imaging literature.
Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), proposed by Said and Pearlman [1996], is generally regarded as a very efficient wavelet-based still image compression scheme. The algorithm uses an efficient, joint scan...
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Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), proposed by Said and Pearlman [1996], is generally regarded as a very efficient wavelet-based still image compression scheme. The algorithm uses an efficient, joint scanning and bit-allocation mechanism for quantizing the scalar wavelet coefficients, and produces a perfectly embedded bitstream. This work extends set partitioning to scan vectors of wavelet coefficients, and uses successive refinement VQ techniques such as multistage and tree-structured VQ, to quantize several wavelet coefficients at once. The new scheme is named VSPIHT (Vector SPIHT). Coding results are presented to demonstrate that the vector-based approach (without arithmetic coding) surpasses the scalar counterpart (also without arithmetic coding), in the mean-squared-error sense, for most images at low bitrates. The superiority of the vector-based approach is more pronounced for images that are generally regarded as difficult to code (such as Barbara) because of a large amount of detail.
A novel integrated system is developed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video camera. A modified Shape from Shading (SFS) technique...
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A novel integrated system is developed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video camera. A modified Shape from Shading (SFS) technique using perspective projection and camera calibration is then used to extract accurate 3D information from a sequence of 2D images of the jaw. A novel technique for 3D data registration using Grid Closest Point (GCP) transform and genetic algorithms (GA) is used to register the output of the SFS stage. Triangulization is then performed, and a solid 3D model is obtained via a rapid prototype machine. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a model-based vision system for orthodontics that will replace traditional approaches and can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, surgical simulation and implant purposes.
When trying to record a foetal ECG (FECG), one of the main problems is the interference from the maternal ECG (MECG). Three algorithms for eliminating maternal ECG are compared. Two adaptive filtering techniques, LMS ...
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When trying to record a foetal ECG (FECG), one of the main problems is the interference from the maternal ECG (MECG). Three algorithms for eliminating maternal ECG are compared. Two adaptive filtering techniques, LMS (least mean square) and RLS (recursive least squares), are compared to a new algorithm that uses the blind source separation (BSS) theorem to separate the FECG from signals that are recorded with a lot of MECG interference. Simulation studies were first performed. Two independent ECG signals (sources) were simulated; one was considered as the MECG while the other was the FECG. By mixing the two sources with various channels, the algorithms were checked and compared. The algorithms were tested on real data as well as that taken from DAISY (the DAtabase for the Identification of SYstems). Conclusions concerning the mixing system were drawn both from the real data and from the simulation experiments.
Errors caused by loss of coded data can seriously affect an H.263 decoded image sequence. Several scenarios may occur that include: (1) loss of macroblocks in I or P frames, and (2) loss of motion vectors of macrobloc...
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Errors caused by loss of coded data can seriously affect an H.263 decoded image sequence. Several scenarios may occur that include: (1) loss of macroblocks in I or P frames, and (2) loss of motion vectors of macroblocks in P frames. The missing macroblocks in I and P frames can be reasonably reconstructed by exploiting the correlation between adjacent macroblocks. Existing methods which reconstruct the motion vector of a macroblock rely on existing motion vectors of surrounding macroblocks, and the results are not always satisfactory. A novel reconstruction technique for restoration of macroblocks with missing motion vectors is proposed. This method exploits the image continuity inside and across the borders of the macroblocks. Simulation results indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is good, both subjectively and objectively.
We convert a constant modulus (CM) array into a robust smart antenna by modifying the error criterion to be a weighted sum of conventional CM array error and decision-directed equalization error. The new error criteri...
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We convert a constant modulus (CM) array into a robust smart antenna by modifying the error criterion to be a weighted sum of conventional CM array error and decision-directed equalization error. The new error criterion enables the CM array to (1) separate digital cochannel signals with multipath and inter-symbol interference and (2) track fading signals. The key contribution is that the modified error criterion adds phase sensitivity to the otherwise phase insensitive CM error criterion. We present computer simulations to show the signal tracking properties of the CM array using the modified error criterion in a fading environment.
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