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Iranian Conference of Biomedical engineering (ICBME)

作者： Mohammad Almasganj Emad Fatemizadeh Department of Electrical Engineering Biomedical Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (BiSIPL) Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are widely used to diagnose and grade macular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, manual interpretation of OCT images is time-consuming and subjective. Therefore, automated and accurate classification of OCT images is essential for assisting ophthalmologists in clinical decision-making. This paper proposes a pyramidal deep neural network that can diagnose normal and two types of AMD (dry and wet) in OCT images. Our network leverages features from different scales of a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) and integrates them with two advanced versions of feature pyramid networks: bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) and path aggregation network (PANet). We evaluate our network on the NEH dataset and compare it with its predecessor. Our results show that our BiFPN-VGG16 and PAN-VGG16 models achieve accuracies of 94.S% and 95.0%, respectively, which are 2.8 to 3% higher than the previous models. Our approach demonstrates the potential of multi-scale feature networks for OCT image classification and can serve as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for ophthalmologists.

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Acoustic User Authentication with Smartphones

Acoustic User Authentication with Smartphones

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IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronic Systems, COMCAS

作者： Neta Gevirtzer Ofir Ben Yosef Alon Eilam Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (SIPL) Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa Israel

ISBN: (数字)9798350348187

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348194

This paper describes a work on an acoustic user authentication system using smartphones. The system implements two-factor authentication for Windows workstations, where the authentication procedure, including locking and unlocking the workstation is transparent to the user. Since workstations and smartphones have built-in microphones and speakers, the system does not require additional hardware. The uniqueness of the solution is being based on acoustic signals. These signals are transmitted by the user's smartphone and received by the workstation microphone. The system is “pure play acoustic” since no wiring or radio transmission is used. The system configuration supports multiple users in the same area. Eavesdropping prevention is provided by sequentially generated random one-time keys. Acoustic communication can be applied either in the audible range or beyond the human hearing range depending on the sampling rate of the smartphone and the workstation.

关键词： Microwave antennas Wiring Prevention and mitigation Authentication Auditory system Microwave communication Acoustics

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Shannon-like Interpolation with Spectral Priors and Weighted Hilbert Spaces: Beyond the Nyquist Rate

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Haldar, Justin P. Signal and Image Processing Institute Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States

In this work, we draw connections between the classical Shannon interpolation of bandlimited deterministic signals and the literature on estimating continuous-time random processes from their samples (known in various communities under different names, such as Wiener-Kolmogorov filtering, Gaussian process regression, and kriging). This leads to the realization that Shannon interpolation can be interpreted as implicitly expecting that the unknown signal has uniform spectral density within its bandwidth. However, in many practical applications, we often expect more energy at some frequencies than at others. This leads us to propose novel Shannon-like interpolators that are optimal with respect to appropriately-constructed weighted Hilbert spaces, where weighting enables us to accommodate prior information about nonuniform spectral density. Although our new interpolants are derived for data obtained with any sampling rate, we observe that they are particularly useful for interpolating sub-Nyquist data. In addition to theory, we also discuss aspects of practical implementation and show illustrative examples to demonstrate the potential benefits of the approach. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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Reduced CAD system for classifications of cancer types based on microarray gene expression data 9

Reduced CAD system for classifications of cancer types based...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Sciences of Electronics, Technologies of Information and Telecommunications, SETIT 2022

作者： Bacha, Sawssen Taouali, Okba Liouane, Noureddine National Engineering School of Monastir Research Laboratory of Automation Signal Processing and Image Monastir5019 Tunisia University of Tabuk Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Department of Computer Engineering Tabuk Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781728184425

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184425

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases for human health. The classification of cancers poses many challenges in biomedical research because it allows an accurate and effective diagnosis and guarantees the success of medical treatments. In this paper, a new reduced computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is implemented under the MATLAB (version R2016a) environment to classifying four cancer subtypes. The results of the experiment are carried out with four sets of baseline data on the expression of cancer genes. To validate the proposed CAD system, different performance metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F-Score are measured. The experimental analysis justifies the effectiveness of the proposed model and, therefore, this model can be considered as an effective tool to help radiologists for a better diagnosis. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Gene expression

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An improved KPLS-KELM method for breast cancer detection 9

An improved KPLS-KELM method for breast cancer detection

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9th IEEE International Conference on Sciences of Electronics, Technologies of Information and Telecommunications, SETIT 2022

ISBN: (数字)9781728184425

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184425

The conception of a computer-Aided Diagnosis system (CAD) using Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a hot topic in the domain of medical diagnosis. Recently, many approaches have been developed. In the proposed work, a novel classification technique from mammograms based on Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) and Kernel Partial Least Square (KPLS) method is introduced. The suggested algorithm first used the KPLS algorithm to extract features from the images. The extracted characteristics were then sent to the KELM classifier. In order to improve the generalization of the proposed approach, the cross-validation strategy was used. The simulation results were tested on the Mammographic image Analysis Society (MIAS) dataset and measured using accuracy, F score, sensitivity, and specificity analysis. These results were compared to existing approaches tested on the same dataset and it was observed that the proposed work is the most efficient. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Mammography

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Automatic Detection and Characterization of Human Veins Using Infra-Red image processing

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Journal of computer and Communications 2024年第9期12卷 141-159页

作者： Jean Ndoumbe Brice Ekobo Akoa Gaelle Patricia Talotsing Frederic Franck Kounga Samuel Kaissassou Bertin Chouanmo Njo Laboratory of Computer Engineering Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Department of Computer & Telecommunications Engineering National Higher Polytechnic School Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Electrical Engineering Mechatronics and Signal Processing Department of Electrical & Telecommunications Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering Yaound Cameroon Mobile Computing and Networking Research Laboratory Department of Computer and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montreal Montreal Canada DigiPlus SARL Bonamoussadi Douala Cameroon

The detection and characterization of human veins using infrared (IR) image processing have gained significant attention due to its potential applications in biometric identification, medical diagnostics, and vein-based authentication systems. This paper presents a low-cost approach for automatic detection and characterization of human veins from IR images. The proposed method uses image processing techniques including segmentation, feature extraction, and, pattern recognition algorithms. Initially, the IR images are preprocessed to enhance vein structures and reduce noise. Subsequently, a CLAHE algorithm is employed to extract vein regions based on their unique IR absorption properties. Features such as vein thickness, orientation, and branching patterns are extracted using mathematical morphology and directional filters. Finally, a classification framework is implemented to categorize veins and distinguish them from surrounding tissues or artifacts. A setup based on Raspberry Pi was used. Experimental results of IR images demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach in accurately detecting and characterizing human. The developed system shows promising for integration into applications requiring reliable and secure identification based on vein patterns. Our work provides an effective and low-cost solution for nursing staff in low and middle-income countries to perform a safe and accurate venipuncture.

关键词： Vein Detection Blood Radiation Infrared image CLAHE Algorithm Raspberry Pi

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InfaSafe: A Comprehensive, Non-invasive Infant Monitoring System

InfaSafe: A Comprehensive, Non-invasive Infant Monitoring Sy...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology

作者： Lukas Klicker Alex Maliwat Joanna Findura Xinrui Yu Mikhail Gromov Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350330649

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330656

InfaSafe emerges as a novel approach to infant health monitoring, uniquely positioned at the convergence of advanced artificial intelligence and edge computing. This system is designed not as a definitive solution but as an advanced platform for comprehensive data archiving, offering valuable insights into the complex and elusive nature of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID). InfaSafe utilizes AI algorithms for real-time pose estimation, breathing surveillance, and cry analysis, all within an edge computing framework that facilitates prompt and efficient data handling. This paper explores the development and capabilities of InfaSafe, underscoring its role in providing crucial, real-time insights and alerts for caregivers and its potential to contribute significantly to our understanding of neonatal health and SUID. The focus is on leveraging technological advancements to gather comprehensive data, which can be instrumental in shaping future research and interventions in neonatal care.

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Pediatrics Temperature distribution Prototypes Real-time systems Thermal analysis

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Analysis of Waves and Human Interaction Using Beach Webcams

Analysis of Waves and Human Interaction Using Beach Webcams

引用

OCEANS

作者： Harel Mendelman Tomer Masssas Yair Moshe Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (SIPL) Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

Automatic monitoring of beach video streams is important for improving safety, environmental monitoring, research, and education related to beach activities. This paper introduces a novel approach for monitoring water bodies by analyzing beach video streams. In contrast to earlier works, in the proposed approach we analyze not only the behavior of water bodies, or of humans on beach videos, but also the interactions between them. By integrating human activity and water behavior analysis, the approach provides new insights that are unattainable by analyzing each separately. To accomplish this objective, deep neural networks are utilized to analyze video streams from existing beach webcams. The analysis includes the detection and tracking of people and waves, as well as higher level analysis. We use the task of characterizing surfing conditions as a case study and demonstrate our ability to estimate the values of key parameters that can help determine the quality of a surf spot at a given time.

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The PHD/CPHD filter for Multiple Extended Target Tracking with Trajectory Set Theory and Explicit Shape Estimation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Yuanhao Cao, Yunhe Yeo, Tat-Soon Jie, Fu Zhang, Wei National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 119077 Singapore

In this paper, we propose two methods for tracking multiple extended targets or unresolved group targets with elliptical extent shape. These two methods are deduced from the famous Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter and the Cardinality-PHD (CPHD) filter, respectively. In these two methods, Trajectory Set Theory (TST) is combined to establish the target trajectory estimates. Moreover, by employing a decoupled shape estimation model, the proposed methods can explicitly provide the shape estimation of the target, such as the orientation of the ellipse extension and the length of its two axes. We derived the closed Bayesian recursive of these two methods with stable trajectory generation and accurate extent estimation, resulting in the TPHD-E filter and the TCPHD-E filter. In addition, Gaussian mixture implementations of our methods are provided, which are further referred to as the GM-TPHD-E filter and the GM-TCPHD-E filters. We illustrate the ability of these methods through simulations and experiments with real data. These experiments demonstrate that the two proposed algorithms have advantages over existing algorithms in target shape estimation, as well as in the completeness and accuracy of target trajectory generation. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Group theory

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Deeper Bidirectional Neural Networks with Generalized Non-Vanishing Hidden Neurons

Deeper Bidirectional Neural Networks with Generalized Non-Va...

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International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)

作者： Olaoluwa Adigun Bart Kosko Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Signal and Image Processing Institute Los Angeles California

The new NoVa hidden neurons have outperformed ReLU hidden neurons in deep classifiers on some large image test sets. The NoVa or nonvanishing logistic neuron additively perturbs the sigmoidal activation function so that its derivative is not zero. This helps avoid or delay the problem of vanishing gradients. We here extend the NoVa to the generalized perturbed logistic neuron and compare it to ReLU and several other hidden neurons on large image test sets that include CIFAR-100 and Caltech-256. Generalized NoVa classifiers allow deeper networks with better classification on the large datasets. This deep benefit holds for ordinary unidirectional backpropagation. It also holds for the more efficient bidirectional backpropagation that trains in both the forward and backward directions.

关键词： Backpropagation Training Neurons Machine learning Delays Biological neural networks Logistics

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