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Virtual Network Embedding: Literature Assessment, Recent Advancements, Opportunities, and Challenges

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials 2025年

作者： Satpathy, Anurag Sahoo, Manmath Narayan Swain, Chittaranjan Bellavista, Paolo Guizani, Mohsen Muhammad, Khan Bakshi, Sambit Missouri University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science RollaMO United States National Institute of Technology Visual Surveillance Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Odisha Rourkela769008 India Atal Bihari Vajpayee Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gwalior India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Italy Machine Learning Department Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence School of Convergence College of Computing and Informatics Seoul03063 Korea Republic of

Network virtualization (NV) allows service providers (SPs) to instantiate logically isolated entities called virtual networks (VNs) on top of a substrate network (SN). Though VNs bring about multiple benefits, particularly in terms of economic costs and elasticity, they also force various technical challenges to be addressed. The primary one is the issue of optimally allocating resources to VNs, also termed virtual network embedding (VNE). This paper presents an exhaustive survey of VNE by extensively covering the state-of-the-art research field in this very active field and focusing on the emerging research trends in industry and academia over the last decade. In addition, this survey originally contributes to the literature by proposing a novel taxonomy for existing VNE solutions and providing a thorough comparative study of their strategies. © 1998-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual machine

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Comparison of Google Analytics with Similar Web for Statistical Analysis of Website Traffic 1st

Comparison of Google Analytics with Similar Web for Statisti...

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1st International Conference on Advanced Network Technologies and Computational Intelligence, ICANTCI 2024

作者： Garg, Bindu Kasar, Manisha Kotecha, Ketan Rahmani, Mohammad Khalid Imam University College of Engineering Pune India Symbiosis Center for Applied Artificial Intelligence Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International University Pune India Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031860713

This study addresses the burgeoning demand for website data collection and analysis in business operations, emphasizing the pivotal role of web analytics in providing crucial insights into customer behaviour. Despite the prevalence of various website traffic analysing tools, there exists a notable lack of comprehensive testing on the precision and reliability of these services. The research compares four key analytics measures from Google Analytics (GA) with SimilarWeb (SW) using average monthly statistics over a one-year period for 50+ websites across different nations and business verticals. Employing various statistical tests, including paired t-tests, Shapiro-Wilk tests, and correlation analysis, the study reveals statistically significant variations in key metrics between GA and SW. Notably, SimilarWeb tends to provide lower estimates for the number of visits and unique visitors compared to Google Analytics. However, the findings underscore the potential complementarity of using both tools in cases where direct access to a site’s analytics is not feasible, particularly for competitive intelligence and benchmarking purposes. The study’s extensive statistical analysis covers unique visitors, total visits, bounce rates, and average session duration, offering valuable insights into the nuanced variations and potential sources of error. There are statistically significant differences between the two web traffic tools in terms of unique visitors, total visits, average session time & bounce rates. In comparison to Google Analytics, SimilarWeb figures were on average, 40% less for unique visitors, 50% greater for average session time, 25% greater for bounce rate, and 20% lesser for total visits. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Error statistics

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Simulation-Based Metrological Temperature Ensuring and Control of the Temperature Field in an Induction Furnace Based on Various Parameters

Simulation-Based Metrological Temperature Ensuring and Contr...

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International Conference on computer and Automation engineering, ICCAE

作者： Jan Rybář Samuel Emebu Sayed Yousuf Sayed Sohaibullah Zarghoon Lukáš Bartalský Peter Onderčo Andrej Smetánka Radek Matušů Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Automation Informatization and Measurement Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia Department of Separation Science LUT School of Engineering Science Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology Lappeenranta Finland Department of Auto mechanical Engineering Faculty of Electro-Mechanic Kabul Polytechnic University Kabul Afghanistan Department of Automation and Control Engineering Faculty of Applied Informatics Tomas Bata University in Zlín Zlín Czech Republic

ISBN: (数字)9798331533816

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533823

Induction heating is widely used in industrial furnaces because of its rapid response time and high energy efficiency. To design and optimize these furnaces, computer-aided simulations are essential. This study aims to develop an accurate temperature field model for a square cross-section steel billet in an induction furnace by leveraging various parameters in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation analysis incorporated temperature dynamics, considering skin depth, temperaturedependent, and constant parameters of the steel billet. The datadriven model was converted into a state-space representation utilizing MATLAB's System Identification Toolbox. This conversion facilitated the design of a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) with integral gain and pole placement. Further, these controllers' performance was analyzed, and controllers were successfully implemented to regulate the temperature field of the billet from initial temperature to reference temperature, utilizing the distributed parameter system control circuit.

关键词： Billets Analytical models Temperature Accuracy Computational modeling Furnaces Mathematical models Temperature control Steel Induction heating

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Multi-Parameter Analysis of Biosignals in Long-Term Control Medical Devices Management

Multi-Parameter Analysis of Biosignals in Long-Term Control ...

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Human-computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), International Congress on

作者： Serhii Holdobin Natalia Brynza Olha Tiutiunyk Olena Serhiienko Ihor Sosnov Pavlo Samus Industrial and Biomedical Electronics Department Kharkiv polytechnic institute National Technical University Kharkiv Ukraine Department of Informatics and Computer Technology Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics Kharkiv Ukraine Department of Applied Mathematics Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics Kharkiv Ukraine Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics Kharkiv Ukraine Business Trade and Logistics Department Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute National Technical University Kharkiv Ukraine

ISBN: (数字)9798331510886

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510893

The development of data processing technologies, microelectronics and sensor systems allows for high-precision multiparametric analysis of biosignals in real time. The paper considers the problem of automating medical processes to reduce the influence of the human factor and increase the accuracy of diagnostics. An improved method of multiparametric analysis of biosignals is proposed for long-term monitoring of the state of the cardiovascular system using modern sensor devices, data processing algorithms and artificial intelligence technologies. The research is aimed at improving the methods of collecting, transmitting and analyzing biosignals, which contributes to the creation of personalized medical devices and effective prediction of cardiovascular pathologies. The issues of classification of devices and biosignals, as well as their mathematical modeling to increase the accuracy of diagnostics, are considered.

关键词： Cardiovascular system Wireless sensor networks Accuracy Medical devices Heuristic algorithms Robot sensing systems Prediction algorithms Real-time systems Classification algorithms Monitoring

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Exploiting Circular Shifts for Efficient Chaotic Image Encryption

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 92997-93016页

作者： Lazaros Moysis Marcin Lawnik Wassim Alexan Sotirios K. Goudos Murilo S. Baptista George F. Fragulis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece Department of Mathematical Methods in Technics and Informatics Faculty of Applied Mathematics Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Communications Department Faculty of Information Engineering and Technology German University in Cairo Cairo Egypt ELEDIA@AUTH School of Physics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Department of Physics Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology SUPA The University of Aberdeen Aberdeen U.K.

This work presents a chaotic image encryption algorithm that acts on the binary level of the image for effective permutation, and on the byte level for substitution. The permutation step combines actions of bit level rearranging, and bit shuffling. Circular shift operations are used for bit shuffling, to reduce the execution time. Circular shifts are also applied to shuffle the permutation and substitution rules, effectively increasing security at a very low execution cost. The encryption keys are plaintext dependent, and a key mixing step in included, so that each part of the key affects all the subsequent encryption operations. For the encryption, a new Soboleva hyperbolic tangent based map is first designed. The dynamical behavior of the map is studied and shows robust chaos, and an absence of equilibria, meaning that it can generate hidden attractors. This map is used as an entropy source, along with a chaotic pseudo random number generator (PRNG). The encryption process shows a good performance under a collection of tests, and has also a low execution time, 0.0134 sec for a $256\times 256$ image, 0.0530 sec for a $512\times 512$ image, and 0.2050 sec for a $1024\times 1024$ image. So the proposed algorithm is a viable option for fast, efficient, and secure data encryption.

关键词： Encryption Security Chaotic communication Generators Robustness Matrices Costs Standards Real-time systems Computational efficiency

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Automatic Software-Based Self Test Generation for Embedded Processors

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第6期51卷 125-130页

作者： Hudec, Ján Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology Bratislava84216 Slovakia

The paper deals with automatic software-based test generation for processors. Processors are basic blocks of current complex systems on chip and embedded systems. Processors testing can be extended by functional tests or using various application programs. Such types of tests are serving as additional tests to structural testing or as tests used in verification. Functional tests (programs) are generated over an instruction set architecture and processor model description. A metric for quality evaluation of the software-based tests is obviously provided by code coverage of a processor model. A new functional test generation method is based on VHDL model of processors and genetic algorithms with using various evolutionary strategies. The contribution to the SBST methods based on GAs using the latest defined ES was identified. Functionality and effectiveness of the developed methods were evaluated in the implemented system AGenMIX over two types of RISC processor. © 2018

关键词： Software testing Application programs Embedded systems Genetic algorithms Integrated circuit testing Quality control Reduced instruction set computing System on chip Code coverage Evolutionary strategies Fitness functions Functional testing Processor Software based self test

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Integrating Data Protection at Interface of RISC-V Processor Core

Integrating Data Protection at Interface of RISC-V Processor...

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2024 Panhellenic Conference on Electronics and Telecommunications, PACET 2024

作者： Mach, Jan Kohutka, Lukas Cicak, Pavel Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovakia Information Systems and Software Engineering Slovak University of Technology Institute of Informatics Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318845

Fulfilling increasing performance demands of space and automotive applications can be problematic as high dependability is required. Memory is one of the most radiationsensitive parts, so it is often protected with information redundancy. This paper describes an integration of error correction and detection techniques into the interface of RISC-V processor to protect the data stored in the memory. We also provide a hardware-software interface for reporting errors and software routines for correcting data in memory. Our solution has a negligible impact (-3.9%) on the overall performance of the core with a small area and power consumption overhead. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Error correction

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Gamification of cyber ranges in cybersecurity education 20

Gamification of cyber ranges in cybersecurity education

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20th IEEE International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications, ICETA 2022

作者： Jelo, Martin Helebrandt, Pavol Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (数字)9798350320336

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320336

There is a lack of cybersecurity experts, and this problem is getting worse with the increasing number and importance of IT systems together with rising number and sophistication of attacks. Rapid development in cybersecurity necessitates constant training and practice to keep up with the latest threats. Studying IT, and especially cybersecurity is considered difficult and there is an urgent need to encourage interest of students in this field. One promising avenue to improving the situation is gamification. Gamification has been used in education to improve enthusiasm of students, increasing their numbers, information uptake and retention. Leveraging social connections and human competitiveness can further motivate students to take part and engage in the learning activities they would otherwise not consider. Virtualized environments offer means to scale up the practical training as well as share latest teaching methods. Cyber ranges used by educational institutions often are such open platforms that provide such practical cybersecurity training. Moreover, with some thoughtful planning they can prove to be popular serious games. In this paper, we explore opportunities for hands-on cybersecurity education by using gamified scenarios in cyber range virtualized environment. We focus on cyber testing environments, what their types are, and what it includes. We place emphasis on creating basic game scenario close to real-world situations. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Covert Channel Detection Methods 20

Covert Channel Detection Methods

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20th IEEE International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications, ICETA 2022

作者： Ondov, Adrian Helebrandt, Pavol Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (数字)9798350320336

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320336

The modern networking world is being exposed to many risks more frequently every day. Most of systems strongly rely on remaining anonymous throughout the whole endpoint exploitation process. Covert channels represent risk since they ex-ploit legitimate communications and network protocols to evade typical filtering. This firewall avoidance sees covert channels frequently used for malicious communication of intruders with systems they compromised, and thus a real threat to network security. While there are commercial tools to safeguard computer networks, novel applications such as automotive connectivity and V2X present new challenges. This paper focuses on the analysis of the recent ways of using covert channels and detecting them, but also on the state-of-the-art possibilities of protection against them. We investigate observing the timing covert channels behavior simulated via injected ICMP traffic into standard network communications. Most importantly, we concentrate on enhancing firewall with detection and prevention of such attack built-in features. The main contribution of the paper is design for detection timing covert channel threats utilizing detection methods based on statistical analysis. These detection methods are combined and implemented in one program as a simple host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS). As a result, the proposed design can analyze and detect timing covert channels, with the addition of taking preventive measures to block any future attempts to breach the security of an end device. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Statistical methods

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Accelerating SDN control plane with GPGPU-based packet classification 17

Accelerating SDN control plane with GPGPU-based packet class...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications, ICETA 2019

作者： Balaz, Martin Helebrandt, Pavol Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728149677

The increasing number of network traffic and packet processing in Software Defined Networks can be a challenge for the slower handling performance by control plane in software. Parallel processing of network traffic offers a solution to increase the performance of software-based control planes. Integrating large amounts of additional general-purpose CPU cores is relatively costly for achieving a substantial boost in packet classification by parallel processing. In contrast, simplified compute cores in the GPUs of today deliver better performance in execution of massively parallel tasks and offer better scalability. The motivation of this work is to utilize the performance of the GPU computational power for acceleration of control plane. The focus of this paper is packet classification in parallel processing on GPU by applying the principles of parallel programming into existing algorithms. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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