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Multi-Scale Distributed Port-Hamiltonian Representation of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite

IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2008年第2期41卷 2300-2305页

作者： Gou Nishida Kentaro Takagi Bernhard Maschke Zhi-wei Luo RIKEN(The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) Bio-Mimetic Control Research Center Environment Adaptive Robotic Systems Lab. 2271-130 Anagahora Shimoshidami Moriyama-ku Nagoya Aichi 463-0003 Japan Dept. of Mechanical Science and Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 JAPAN Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1 CPE Lyon - Bâtiment 308 G UCB Lyon 1 - UFR Génie Electrique et des Procédés - CNRS UMR 5007 Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés 43 bd du 11 Novembre 1918 F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex France Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai Nada-ku Kobe Hyogo 657-8501 JAPAN / RIKEN BMC

This paper shows that one of soft actuators, Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) can be modeled in terms of distributed port-Hamiltonian systems with multi-scale. The physical structure of IPMC consists of three parts. The first part is an electric double layer at the interface between the polymer and the metal electrodes. The frequency response of the polymer-metal interface shows a fractal degree of gain slope. Then we adopt a black-box circuit model to this part and give considerations for distributed impedance parameters. The second part is an electrostress diffusion coupling model with bending and relaxation dynamics. This part is represented by an electro-osmosis, which is a water transport by an electric field, and a streaming potential, which is an electric field created by a water transport. We discuss the relationship of stress and bending moment induced by swelling. The third part is a mechanical system modeled as a flexible beam with large deformations. The representation has the capability extracting the control structure based on passivity from distributed parameter systems possessing a complex behavior.

关键词： Modeling Design methodologies

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Adaptive scheduling for shared window joins over data streams

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中国高等学校学术文摘·计算机科学 2007年第4期1卷 468-477页

作者： JIN Cheqing ZHOU Aoying Jeffrey Xu Yu Joshua Zhexue Huang CAO Feng Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong KongChina E-Business Technology Institute The University of ttong KongChina IBM China-Research Lab Beijing 100094China

Recently a few Continuous Query systems have been developed to cope with applications involving continuous data *** the same time,numerous algorithms are proposed for better performance.A recent work on this subject was to define scheduling strategies on shared window joins over data streams from multiple query *** these strategies,a tuple with the highest priority is selected to process from multiple ***,the performance of these static strategies is deeply influenced when data are bursting,because the priority is determined only by static information,such as the query windows,arriving order,*** this paper,we propose a novel adaptive strategy where the priority of a tuple is integrated with realtime information.A thorough experimental evaluation has demonstrated that this new strategy can outperform the existing strategies.

关键词： data streams continuous query shared window joins

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A Robust and Low-Complexity Gas Recognition Technique for On-Chip Tin-Oxide Gas Sensor Array

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Journal of Sensors 2008年第1期2008卷

作者： Farid Flitti Aicha Far Bin Guo Amine Bermak School of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway CRAWLEY WA 6009 Australiauwa.edu.au Smart Sensory Integrated Systems Lab ECE Department The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kongust.hk

Gas recognition is a new emerging research area with many civil, military, and industrial applications. The success of any gas recognition system depends on its computational complexity and its robustness. In this work, we propose a new low-complexity recognition method which is tested and successfully validated for tin-oxide gas sensor array chip. The recognition system is based on a vector angle similarity measure between the query gas and the representatives of the different gas classes. The latter are obtained using a clustering algorithm based on the same measure within the training data set. Experimented results on our in-house gas sensors array show more than 98 % of correct recognition. The robustness of the proposed method is tested by recognizing gas measurements with simulated drift. Less than 1 % of performance degradation is noted at the worst case scenario which represents a significant improvement when compared to the current state-of-the-art.

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MRI‐based 3‐D vocal tract acoustic analysis of an American English lateral sound

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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2008年第5_SUPPLEMENT期123卷 3325-3325页

作者： Xinhui Zhou Carol Y. Espy‐Wilson Mark Tiede Suzanne Boyce Speech communication lab Institute of systems research and department of electrical and computer engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA zxinhui@umd.edu Speech communication lab Institute of systems research and department of electrical and computer engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA espy@glue.umd.edu Haskins lab and MIT Research lab of electronics 300 George street suite 900 New Haven CT 06511 USA tiede@haskins.yale.edu Department of communication sciences and disorders University of Cincinnati Mail location 0394 Cincinnati OH 45267 USA boycese@email.uc.edu

The lateral sound /l/ in American English involves a complex articulatory configuration that includes one or two lateral channels along the sides of the tongue, and sometimes a lingual‐alveolar contact. The acoustic characteristics of /l/ consist of a third formant (F3) that is close in frequency to the F3 of the adjacent vowel(s), but is often considerably weaker in amplitude. Generally, there is relatively weak energy in the F3‐F5 region. The articulatory‐acoustic relationship is not well understood. Previous studies did not consider the 3‐D vocal tract model and the area function extraction was based on some assumed model. In this study, we constructed a 3‐D vocal tract geometry based on magnetic resonance images from one subject during sustained production of syllabic dark /l/ (as in "pole"), and performed finite‐element analysis. The harmonic analysis showed that the frequency response of the 3‐D vocal tract is comparable in many ways to the spectrum of the acoustic signal, suggesting good agreement between the actual and reconstructed vocal tracts. A pole‐zero pair is found in F3‐F4 region, which may explain the weak energy level in this frequency region. Application of the 3‐D wave propagation property to vocal tract area function extraction will also be discussed. [research supported by NIH.]

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Correlation-based reconstruction of a 3D object from a single freehand sketch 07

Correlation-based reconstruction of a 3D object from a singl...

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ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 - International Conference on computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

作者： Lipson, Hod Shpitalni, Moshe Cornell Computer Aided Design Lab. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 United States NSF Engineering Research Center for Reconfigurable Machining Systems University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Technion Israel Inst. of Technology Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781450318235

We propose a new approach for reconstructing a three-dimensional object from a single two-dimensional freehand line drawing depicting it. A sketch is essentially a noisy projection of a 3D object onto an arbitrary 2D plane. Reconstruction is the inverse projection of the sketched geometry from two dimensions back into three dimensions. While humans can do this reverse-projection remarkably easily and almost without being aware of it, this process is mathematically indeterminate and is very difficult to emulate computationally. Here we propose that the ability of humans to perceive a previously unseen 3D object from a single sketch is based on simple 2D-3D geometrical correlations that are learned from visual experience. We demonstrate how a simple correlation system that is exposed to many object-sketch pairs eventually leams to perform the inverse projection successfully for unseen objects. Conversely, we show how the same correlation data can be used to gauge the understandability of synthetically generated projections of given 3D objects. Using these principles we demonstrate for the first time a completely automatic conversion of a single freehand sketch into a physical solid object. These results have implications for bidirectional human-computer communication of 3D graphic concepts, and might also shed light on the human visual system.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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GPS/Galileo RAIM performance in presence of multiple pseudorange failures due to interference

GPS/Galileo RAIM performance in presence of multiple pseudor...

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20th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation 2007 ION GNSS 2007

作者： Martineau, Anaïs Macabiau, Christophe Julien, Olivier Nikiforov, Igor Roturier, Benoît ENAC UTT France DTI Toulouse France Signal Processmg Lab. ENAC Application of Satellite Navigation Techniques to Civil Aviation Institute of Computer Sciences and Engineering of Troyes France France STNA Research Laboratory on CNS Systems ENAC Implementation for DSNA/DTI

ISBN: (纸本)9781605600697

In a multi constellation context, demanding phases of flight such as APV operations can be targeted using Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) to check GNSS integrity. This is why it is necessary to characterize all failure modes inducing range errors of the order of a few meters. One of these failure modes is radio frequency interference which causes very penalizing errors since they can affect several measurements at the same time. This work focuses on advanced and classical GPS/Galileo RAIM performance degradation evaluation in presence of multiple failures due to interference when stringent phases of flight are targeted. The way the User Equivalent Range Error UERE, especially the receiver noise residual error, is computed is first reminded in this paper. The main unintentional interference sources to be accounted for in the ARNS are then given and their impact is discussed. More particularly an expression of the code tracking error envelope in presence of CW interference is proposed. A complete pseudo range measurements model is given taking into account the interference effect. The issue of integrity monitoring in presence of interference is studied considering two different algorithms: the Sequential Constrained Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test based RAIM and the Snapshot Least Squares Residuals RAIM. The last part of this paper is dedicated to GPS/Galileo RAIM simulations that have been conducted using this proposed model on GPS L1/L5 and Galileo E1/E5b pseudorange measurements under different conditions: nominal ones, with a CW interference with a power within the GPS L1 C/A interference mask or 20dB above this mask. CW were added on two frequencies: the worst Galileo spectrum line and the worst GPS spectrum line. The two integrity monitoring algorithms formerly described have been tested for two modes of flight APV 1 and APV2. The goal of these simulations is not to detect interference, it is to observe RAIM capacity to detect a bias, correspon

关键词： Global positioning system

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Time-varying port-representation of dissipative structures with gauge transformations 9

Time-varying port-representation of dissipative structures w...

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2007 9th European Control Conference, ECC 2007

作者： Nishida, Gou Yamakita, Masaki Luo, Zhi-Wei Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Bio-Mimetic Control Research Center Environment Adaptive Robotic Systems Lab. 2271-130 Anagahora Nagoya AichiN463-0003 Japan Department of Mechanical and Control Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Oookayama Meguro-ku152-8552 Japan Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai Nada-ku Hyogo657-8501 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417386

A distributed-port-Hamiltonian system is a generalized model for passivity-based controls. The system representation has been extended to an infinite-dimensional conservative system derived from variational calculus, which is called a field-port-Lagrangian system. A lot of practical systems for control engineering include dissipative elements;however such a non-conservative structure usually cannot be defined by a variational problem. This paper shows that a system with the dissipative structure can be defined as a time-varying fieldport-Lagrangian system by a gauge transformation. First, we show that the gauge transformation generates a time-dependent Lagrangian density functional that introduces the time-varying port-representation. Next, we present that a class of dissipative systems can be identified with a conservative system possessing an internal irreversible energy flow. Finally, we illustrate an equation of elastic films with viscosity damping with the time-varying port-representation. © 2007 EUCA.

关键词： Variational techniques

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Towards a smart adaptive feedback circuit for microsensors

Towards a smart adaptive feedback circuit for microsensors

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International Symposium Semiconductor Device research (ISDRS)

作者： Xiao Zhu Fan Nathan Siwak Reza Ghodssi MEMS Sensors and Actuators Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Integrating electronic circuits with micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) will enable them to be smart, versatile, and potentially portable due to the intelligence of electronic circuitry, high sensitivity of MEMS device, and size of electrical components. We present a smart sensor system that utilizes a circuit's compact real-time instrumentation and readout with a MEMS resonator's high sensitivity detection of target analytes. The purpose of the feedback circuit is its integration with a developed in-plane III-V optical resonator system for chemical and biological detection. A resonator sensor utilizes the high sensitivity of cantilever's resonant frequency shift to absorbed mass. Using an integrated system, it will facilitate the testing and data acquisition by replacing multiple macro instrumentation modules. The feedback circuit is based on an optimization algorithm, which is implemented with mixed-signal design using discrete IC components on a circuit board, to track the resonant frequency of a cantilever.

关键词： Feedback circuits Microsensors Intelligent sensors Optical resonators Micromechanical devices Instruments Resonant frequency Electronic circuits Microelectromechanical systems Microelectromechanical devices

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A ROTARY MICROMOTOR SUPPORTED ON MICROBALL BEARINGS

A ROTARY MICROMOTOR SUPPORTED ON MICROBALL BEARINGS

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TRANSDUCERS 2007 - 2007 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, Volume 3 of 5

作者： N. Ghalichechian A. Modafe M. I. Beyaz R. Ghodssi MEMS Sensors and Actuators Lab (MSAL) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

We report the successful development of the first operational bottom-drive, rotary, variable-capacitance micromotor supported on microball bearings. The rotor and stator of the micromotor were fabricated using a 9-level-mask process. Silicon carbide coating was used for reducing friction of silicon microball housing on the rotor. Top angular velocity of 517 rpm corresponding to the linear tip velocity of 324 mm/s was measured at 150 V and 800 Hz excitation. This is 44 times higher than the velocity previously measured for the linear micromotors supported on microball bearings. Characterization of two different designs showed a good agreement between predicted and measured velocities for the rotary machine. The rotary micromotor developed in this study is a platform technology for centrifugal micropumps for fuel delivery applications.

关键词： Micromotor Microball Bearings BCB Characterization

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Indium Phosphide Resonant Chemical Sensor with a Monolithically Integrated Optical Readout Scheme

Indium Phosphide Resonant Chemical Sensor with a Monolithica...

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IEEE SENSORS

作者： N. P. Siwak X. Z. Fan N. Goldsman R. Ghodssi MEMS Sensors and Actuators Lab (MSAL) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD USA

We present a novel MEMS cantilever waveguide resonator sensing platform utilizing for the first time an integrated photodiode readout scheme. This platform uses indium phosphide (InP) to enable the monolithic integration of passive waveguides with active optical components. Cantilever waveguide resonators were successfully fabricated with integrated PIN photodiodes for displacement measurement. On-chip integration of the readout provides a 70% improvement in mass sensitivity compared to off-chip photodetector designs. We have successfully fabricated cantilever waveguides with integrated photodetectors and experimentally characterize these cantilever sensors with monolithically integrated PIN photodiodes.

关键词： Indium phosphide Resonance Chemical sensors Integrated optics Optical sensors Optical waveguides Optical resonators PIN photodiodes Photodetectors Micromechanical devices

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