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8th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP 2004

作者： Lee, Chul Min Yildirim, Serdar Bulut, Murtaza Kazemzadeh, Abe Busso, Carlos Deng, Zhigang Lee, Sungbok Narayanan, Shrikanth Emotion Research Group Speech Analysis and Interpretation Lab. Integrated Media Systems Center Department of Electrical Engineering United States Department of Computer Science USC Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California United States

Recognizing human emotions/attitudes from speech cues has gained increased attention recently. Most previous work has focused primarily on suprasegmental prosodic features calculated at the utterance level for modeling against details at the segmental phoneme level. Based on the hypothesis that different emotions have varying effects on the properties of the different speech sounds, this paper investigates the usefulness of phoneme-level modeling for the classification of emotional states from speech. Hidden Markov models (HMM) based on short-term spectral features are used for this purpose using data obtained from a recording of an actress' expressing 4 different emotional states - anger, happiness, neutral, and sadness. We designed and compared two sets of HMM classifiers: a generic set of "emotional speech" HMMs (one for each emotion) and a set of broad phonetic-class based HMMs for each emotion type considered. Five broad phonetic classes were used to explore the effect of emotional coloring on different phoneme classes, and it was found that spectral properties of vowel sounds were the best indicator of emotions in terms of the classification performance. The experiments also showed that the better performance can be obtained by using phoneme-class classifiers than generic "emotional" HMM classifier and classifiers based on global prosodic features. To see the complementary effect of the prosodic and spectral features, the two classifiers were combined at the decision level. The improvement was 0.55% in absolute (0.7% relatively) compared with the result from phoneme-class based HMM classifier.

关键词： Hidden Markov models

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An acoustic study of emotions expressed in speech 8

An acoustic study of emotions expressed in speech

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8th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP 2004

作者： Yildirim, Serdar Bulut, Murtaza Lee, Chul Min Kazemzadeh, Abe Busso, Carlos Deng, Zhigang Lee, Sungbok Narayanan, Shrikanth Emotion Research Group Speech Analysis and Interpretation Lab. Integrated Media Systems Center Department of Electrical Engineering United States Department of Computer Science Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles United States

In this study, we investigate acoustic properties of speech associated with four different emotions (sadness, anger, happiness, and neutral) intentionally expressed in speech by an actress. The aim is to obtain detailed acoustic knowledge on how speech is modulated when speaker's emotion changes from neutral to a certain emotional state. It is based on measurements of acoustic parameters related to speech prosody, vowel articulation and spectral energy distribution. Acoustic similarities and differences among the emotions are then explored with mutual information computation, multidimensional scaling, and comparison of acoustic likelihoods relative to the neutral emotion. In addition, acoustic separability of the emotions is tested using the discriminant analysis at the utterance level and the result is compared with human evaluation. Results show that happiness/anger and neutral/sadness share similar acoustic properties in this speaker. Speech associated with anger and happiness are characterized by longer utterance duration, shorter inter-word silence, higher pitch and energy values with wider ranges, showing the characteristics of exaggerated or hyperarticulated speech. The discriminant analysis indicates that within-group acoustic separability is relatively poor, suggesting that conventional acoustic parameters examined in this study are not effective in describing the emotions along the valence (or pleasure) dimension. It is noted that RMS energy, inter-word silence and speaking rate are useful in distinguishing sadness from others. Interestingly, the between-group difference in formant patterns seems better reflected in back vowels such as /a/ (/father/) than in the front vowels. Larger lip opening and/or more tongue constriction at the mid or rear part of the vocal tract could be underlying reasons.

关键词： Acoustic properties

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Palmprint authentication system for civil applications

Palmprint authentication system for civil applications

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8th European Conference on computer Vision, ECCV 2004 and International Workshop on Biometric Authentication, BioAW 2004

作者： Zhang, David Lu, Guangming Kong, Adams Wai-Kin Wong, Michael Biometrics Research Centre Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong Biocomputing Research Lab School of Computer Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo OntarioN2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540224998

In this paper, we present a novel biometric authentication system to identify a person’s identity by his/her palmprint. In contrast to existing palmprint systems for criminal applications, the proposed system targets at the civil applications, which require identifying a person in a large database with high confidence in real-time. The system is constituted by four major components: User Interface Module, Acquisition Module, Recognition Module and External Module. More than 7,000 palmprint images have been collected to test the performance of the system. The system can identify 400 palms with a low false acceptance rate, 0.02%, and a high genuine acceptance rate, 98.83%. For verification, the system can operate at a false acceptance rate, 0.017% and a false rejection rate, 0.86%. The execution time for the whole process including image collection, preprocessing, feature extraction and matching is less than 1 second. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： User interfaces

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Planar orthogonal drawing of complete binary trees inside rectilinear polygons

Planar orthogonal drawing of complete binary trees inside re...

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IEEE International Conference on Multi Topic

作者： A. Bagheri M. Razzazi Software Systems Research & Development Lab Department of Computer Engineering & IT Amirkabir University of Technology슠 Tehran Iran Software Systems Research & Development Lab Department of Computer Engineering & IT Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (I.P.M) Amirkabir University of Technology슠 Tehran Iran

In this paper we introduce a new algorithm for planar orthogonal drawing of complete binary trees on the surface of a given simple rectilinear polygon. Our algorithm aims to uniformly distribute the vertices of the given tree on the given surface and to reduce the total number of edge bends as much as possible. We also introduce a new linear time algorithm for bisecting simple (rectilinear) polygons, assuming the straight skeletons of the polygons are given. To our knowledge, this paper and the previous works of the authors are the first attempts for developing algorithms that draw trees on 2D surfaces which are bounded by simple (rectilinear) polygons.

关键词： Binary trees Tree graphs Skeleton engineering drawings Application software Very large scale integration Graphical user interfaces research and development Optical computing Physics computing

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The Healthgrid White Paper 3

The Healthgrid White Paper

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3rd Annual Conference of the Healthgrid Association, Healthgrid 2005

作者： Breton, Vincent Dean, Kevin Solomonides, Tony Aloisio, Giovanni Benkner, Siegfried Bilofsky, Howard Blanquer, Ignacio Brady, Michael Cannataro, Mario Chouvarda, Ioanna Claerhout, Brecht De Moor, Georges De Neve, Wilfried De Wagter, Carlos Fiore, Sandro Hassan, Kinda Heeren, Germaine Hernández, Vicente Herveg, Jean A.M. Hofmann, Martin Jones, Chris Koutkias, Vassilios Lloyd, Sharon Lonsdale, Guy Alonso, Victoria L. Maglaveras, Nicos Maigne, Lydia Malousi, Andigoni Martín-Sánchez, Fernando McClatchey, Richard Medico, Enzo Miguet, Serge Mirto, Maria Montagnat, Johan Nørager1, Sofie Nozaki, Kazunori Oliveira, Ilídio Castro Pennec, Xavier Poullet, Yves Merino, Juan Pedro Sánchez Strizh, Irina G. Taillet, Michel Tristram, Clive Tverdokhlebov, Nikolay Veltri, Pierangelo Ziegler, René CNRS-IN2P3 LPC Campus des Cézeaux AubiereCedex63177 France Internet Business Solutions Group Cisco Systems 9 New Square Bedfont Lakes Middlesex FelthamTW14 8HA United Kingdom University of the West of England Bristol CEMS Coldharbour Lane BristolBS6 6TH United Kingdom Center for Advanced Computational Technologies ISUFI Dept. of Innovation Engineering University of Lecce Via per Monteroni Lecce73100 Italy Institute of Scientific Computing University of Vienna Nordbergstrasse 15 ViennaA-1090 Austria University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science Computer and Information Science Center for Bioinformatics 1416 Blockley Hall 423 Guardian Drive PhiladelphiaPA19104-6021 United States Universidad Politecnica de Valencia Camino de Vera/n Valencia46022 Spain FRS FREng Dept. of Engineering Science Oxford University Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PJ United Kingdom Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro School of Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering Campus di Germaneto Viale Europa Germaneto Catanzaro88100 Italy Aristotle University The Medical School Lab of Medical Informatics Box 323 Thessaloniki54124 Greece Custodix NV Verlorenbroodstraat 120 Bus 14 MerelbekeB-9820 Belgium Research in Advanced Medical Informatics and Telematics UZ Gent 5K3 De Pintelaan 185 GentB9000 Belgium Department of Radiotherapy Ghent University Hospital Building P7 De Pintelaan 185 GentB-9000 Belgium Laboratoire LIRIS Université Lumière Lyon 2 Campus Porte des Alpes 5 avenue Pierre Mendès France Bron69676 France av. E.Mounierlaan 83 Brussels1200 Belgium Faculté de Droit de Namur - FUNDP Centre de Recherches Informatiques & Droit 5 rempart de la Vierge Namur5000 Belgium Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin53754 Germany CERN Geneva 231211 Switzerland Oxford University Computing Laboratory Wolfson Building OxfordOX1 3QD United Kingdom C&C Research Laboratories NEC Europe Ltd. Rathausallee 10 Sankt AugustinD-53757 Germany Medic

ISBN: (纸本)158603510X

Over the last four years, a community of researchers working on Grid and High Performance Computing technologies started discussing the barriers and opportunities that grid technologies must face and exploit for the development of health-related applications. This interest lead to the first Healthgrid conference, held in Lyon, France, on January 16th–17th, 2003, with the focus of creating increased awareness about the possibilities and advantages linked to the deployment of grid technologies in health, ultimately targeting the creation of a European/international grid infrastructure for health. The topics of this conference converged with the position of the eHealth division of the European Commission, whose mandate from the Lisbon Meeting was "To develop an intelligent environment that enables ubiquitous management of citizens’ health status, and to assist health professionals in coping with some major challenges, risk management and the integration into clinical practice of advances in health knowledge." In this context "Health" involves not only clinical procedures but covers the whole range of information from molecular level (genetic and proteomic information) over cells and tissues, to the individual and finally the population level (social healthcare). Grid technology offers the opportunity to create a common working backbone for all different members of this large "health family" and will hopefully lead to an increased awareness and interoperability among disciplines. The first HealthGrid conference led to the creation of the Healthgrid association, a non-profit research association legally incorporated in France but formed from the broad community of European researchers and institutions sharing expertise in health grids. After the second Healthgrid conference, held in Clermont-Ferrand on January 29th–30th, 2004, the need for a "white paper" on the current status and prospective of health grids was raised. Over fifty experts from different areas of grid tec

关键词： Health risks

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Scenario-oriented ad hoc networks simulation with mobility models

Scenario-oriented ad hoc networks simulation with mobility m...

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MILCOM, Military Communications Conference

作者： K.M. Mcneill Yun Zhao N. Gaviria R. Martinez J. Deal Computer Engineering Research Lab ECE Department University of Arizona Tucson Tucson AZ USA CNIR BAE Systems CIS Reston VA USA

Unlike fixed cell-based wireless networks, the infrastructure topology of MANETs is constantly and some times rapidly changing. This characteristic has created the need to develop a new set of routing protocols for MANETs, which in turn have to be tested and evaluated. Simulation is a widely used tool in evaluating the performance of networks under different conditions. It is necessary that the simulation scenarios reassemble the actual conditions under which the networks operate and for military application it is important that realistic mobility models be employed. The topology, the size and the connectivity of the network are the most important elements affecting the performance of routing protocols in traditional wired networks. The case of MANETs, however, involves more parameters, and poses new challenges to the simulation. This paper compares the performance of three routing algorithms under three different mobility patterns.

关键词： Ad hoc networks Routing protocols Network topology Mobile ad hoc networks Testing Wireless networks Computational modeling computer networks Bandwidth Degradation

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Guest Editorial: Distributed Management of Networks and Services

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Journal of Network and systems Management 2004年第3期12卷 293-295页

作者： John, Ajita Stiller, Burkhard Networking Systems Research Department Lincroft New Jersey University of Federal Armed Forces Munich UniBwM Information Systems Laboratory IIS Neubiberg Germany Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zurich Computer Engineering and Networks Lab TIK Zurich Switzerland

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Gummel-Poon model for 1.8 kV SiC high-voltage bipolar junction transistor

Gummel-Poon model for 1.8 kV SiC high-voltage bipolar juncti...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists (PESC)

作者： S. Balachandran T.P. Chow A. Agarwal W. Tipton S. Scozzie Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA Cree Inc. Durham NC Army Research Lab.-SEDD Adelphi MD USA

The Gummel-Poon model, which has been extensively used to model silicon BJTs, is applied to characterize the static and dynamic performance of a 1.8 kV, 0.3 A 4H-SiC epitaxial-emitter power BJT. The model parameters of the static forward and reverse active characteristics of the BJT have been extracted from experimental plots. To characterize the dynamic behavior, the capacitance-voltage curves of the base-emitter and the base-collector junctions have been measured along with the turn-on and turn-off switching characteristics. Good agreement has been obtained between the model and experimental results. Some of the key parameters that are extracted are the transport saturation current (IS), ideal maximum forward beta (BF), forward current emission coefficient (NF), the zero bias base resistance (RB), collector resistance (RC), the zero bias B-E depletion capacitance (CJE) and the zero bias B-C depletion capacitance (CJC). Some of the physical phenomena that determine the performance of a power BJT with special reference to 4H-SiC based bipolar devices are discussed and key modifications that need to be implemented in the present model to account for these phenomena are briefly presented.

关键词： Silicon carbide Power system modeling Circuit simulation SPICE Noise measurement Capacitance Power electronics Data mining Military computing systems engineering and theory

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Real-time dynamic data-driven simulation of continuum systems

Real-time dynamic data-driven simulation of continuum system...

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2004 ASME Design engineering Technical Conferences and computers and Information in engineering Conference

作者： Michopoulos, J.G. Farhat, C. Houstis, E.N. Special Projects Group Compl. Multiphysics Systems Lab U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375 United States Dept. of Aerospace Eng. Sciences Center of Aerospace Structures Univ. of Colorado at Boulder Boulder CO 80309-0429 United States Computer Sciences Department Purdue University W. Lafayette IN 47906 United States University of Thessaly Dpt. of Computer Engineering Volos Greece

Recent proliferation of sensor networks in various application areas has promoted real-time behavioral monitoring of various physical systems. The opportunity to use sensor generated data dynamically for improving speed, accuracy, and general performance of predictive behavior modeling simulation is of paramount importance. The present paper identifies enabling modeling methods and computational strategies that are critical for achieving real-time or near real-time simulation response of very large and complex systems. It also discusses our choices of these technologies in the context of sample multidisciplinary computational mechanics applications and describes two examples to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating real-time data with real-time simulation.

关键词： Continuum mechanics

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Predictive quantization-based filtering in distributed traffic simulation

Predictive quantization-based filtering in distributed traff...

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2003 Summer computer Simulation Conference, SCSC 2003

作者： Leer, Jongkeun Chit, Sungdo Zeigler, Bernard P. Arizona Center for Integrative Modeling and Simulation Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Intelligent Systems Research Lab. Dept. of Computer Engineering Hangkong University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1565552687

This paper proposed predictive quantization-hased filtering method that uses average speed-based dynamic quantum size to effectively reduce communication overhead that DEVS/HLA-based distributed traffic simulation has. Average speed-based dynamic quantum size monitors dynamically changing road situation at fixed time unit and set vehicles 'average speed to dynamic quantum size. Then it generates individual quantum size offactors such as the distance from the leading vehicle, speed and acceleration that decide traffic models 'behavior by using dynamic quantum size. Therefore, the suggested methodology has an advantage in that it effectively reduces communication overhead among federates of distributed traffic simulation. This paper verified validity of the suggested method by doing distributed modeling the 32km block from East Seoul to Hobup of JOOJ'/GBOO highway in Korea and analyzing the simulation.

关键词： Cost reduction

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