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Testing GPU Numerics: Finding Numerical Differences Between NVIDIA and AMD GPUs

Testing GPU Numerics: Finding Numerical Differences Between ...

2024 Workshops of the International Conference for High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, SC Workshops 2024

作者： Zahid, Anwar Hossain Laguna, Ignacio Le, Wei Iowa State University Department of Computer Science AmesIA United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Center for Applied Scientific Computing LivermoreCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355543

As scientific codes are ported between GPU platforms, continuous testing is required to ensure numerical robustness and identify potential numerical differences between platforms. Compiler-induced numerical differences can occur when a program is compiled and run on different GPUs and compilers, and the numerical outcomes are different for the same input. We present a study of compiler-induced numerical differences between NVIDIA and AMD GPUs, two widely used GPUs in HPC clusters. Our approach uses a random program generator (Varity) to generate thousands of short numerical tests in CUDA and HIP, and their inputs;then, we use differential testing to check if the program produced a numerical inconsistency when run on NVIDIA and AMD GPUs, using the same compiler optimization level. We also use the AMD's HIPIFY tool to convert CUDA tests into HIP tests and test if there are numerical inconsistencies induced by HIPIFY. In our study, we generated more than 600,000 tests and found subtle numerical differences occurring between the two classes of GPUs. We found that some of the differences come from (1) math library calls, (2) differences in floating-point precision (FP64 versus FP32), and (3) converting code to HIP with HIPIFY. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： CUDA Differential testing floating-point HIP random program generation

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Research on Error Handling Techniques for Speech Interaction 3

Research on Error Handling Techniques for Speech Interaction

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3rd IEEE International Conference on computer Systems, ICCS 2023

作者： Ma, Rui Zou, Xuechao Tao, Pin Tu, Yixiang Qinghai University Department of Computer Technology and Applications Xining China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Beijing China Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313666

With the rapid advancement of speech recognition and semantic understanding, speech interaction systems have gained widespread usage. This paper investigates the use of intelligent error handling approaches in speech interaction systems when faced with recognition or comprehension challenges. A case study focusing on the common task of 'electronic spreadsheet editing' is conducted, wherein an experimental environment is developed by combining an open-source neural network code repository with a third-party speech recognition interface. Drawing from historical experience, a 'triplet' paradigm is constructed to parse user command texts, and an improved approach for intelligent selection of error recovery strategies is proposed. This approach automatically determines the appropriate strategy for different speech interaction errors based on user logs. Experiments on 20 users demonstrate that our proposed intelligent error handling techniques for speech interaction, exhibit performance similar to empirically designed systems in practical tasks. Moreover, they significantly enhance user satisfaction and task completion efficiency when utilizing the system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Note on a New Construction of Kantorovich Form q-Bernstein Operators Related to Shape Parameter λ

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2022年第3期130卷 1479-1493页

作者： Qingbo Cai Resat Aslan Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Data-Intensive Computing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information ProcessingSchool of Mathematics and Computer ScienceQuanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhou362000China Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences and ArtsHarran UniversitySanlıurfa63300Turkey

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce some approximation properties of a Kantorovich kind q-Bernstein operators related to B′ezier basis functions with shape parameterλ∈[−1,1].Firstly,we compute some basic results such as moments and central moments,and derive the Korovkin type approximation theorem for these ***,we estimate the order of convergence in terms of the usual modulus of continuity,for the functions belong to Lipschitz-type class and Peetre’s K-functional,***,with the aid of Maple software,we present the comparison of the convergence of these newly defined operators to the certain function with some graphical illustrations and error estimation table.

关键词： q-calculus (λ,q)-Bernstein polynomials order of convergence Lipschitz-type function Peetre’s K-functional

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Learning Order Forest for Qualitative-Attribute Data Clustering 27

Learning Order Forest for Qualitative-Attribute Data Cluster...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Zhao, Mingjie Feng, Sen Zhang, Yiqun Li, Mengke Lu, Yang Cheung, Yiu-Ming School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart City School of Informatics Xiamen University China Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Ministry of Education of China Xiamen University China Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Clustering is a fundamental approach to understanding data patterns, wherein the intuitive Euclidean distance space is commonly adopted. However, this is not the case for implicit cluster distributions reflected by qualitative attribute values, e.g., the nominal values of attributes like symptoms, marital status, etc. This paper, therefore, discovered a tree-like distance structure to flexibly represent the local order relationship among intra-attribute qualitative values. That is, treating a value as the vertex of the tree allows to capture rich order relationships among the vertex value and the others. To obtain the trees in a clustering-friendly form, a joint learning mechanism is proposed to iteratively obtain more appropriate tree structures and clusters. It turns out that the latent distance space of the whole dataset can be well-represented by a forest consisting of the learned trees. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the joint learning adapts the forest to the clustering task to yield accurate results. Comparisons of 10 counterparts on 12 real benchmark datasets with significance tests verify the superiority of the proposed method. Source code of the proposed method is available at [39]. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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DRS: A deep reinforcement learning enhanced Kubernetes scheduler for microservice-based system

DRS: A deep reinforcement learning enhanced Kubernetes sched...

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作者： Jian, Zhaolong Xie, Xueshuo Fang, Yaozheng Jiang, Yibing Lu, Ye Dash, Ankan Li, Tao Wang, Guiling College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Cyber Science Nankai University Tianjin China Department of Computer Science New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ United States

Recently, Kubernetes is widely used to manage and schedule the resources of microservices in cloud-native distributed applications, as the most famous container orchestration framework. However, Kubernetes preferentially schedules microservices to nodes with rich and balanced CPU and memory resources on a single node. The native scheduler of Kubernetes, called Kube-scheduler, may cause resource fragmentation and decrease resource utilization. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning enhanced Kubernetes scheduler named DRS. We initially frame the Kubernetes scheduling problem as a Markov decision process with intricately designed state, action, and reward structures in an effort to increase resource usage and decrease load imbalance. Then, we design and implement DRS mointor to perceive six parameters concerning resource utilization and create a thorough picture of all available resources globally. Finally, DRS can automatically learn the scheduling policy through interaction with the Kubernetes cluster, without relying on expert knowledge about workload and cluster status. We implement a prototype of DRS in a Kubernetes cluster with five nodes and evaluate its performance. Experimental results highlight that DRS overcomes the shortcomings of Kube-scheduler and achieves the expected scheduling target with three workloads. With only 3.27% CPU overhead and 0.648% communication delay, DRS outperforms Kube-scheduler by 27.29% in terms of resource utilization and reduces load imbalance by 2.90 times on average. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Aerial Reliable Collaborative Communications for Terrestrial Mobile Users via Evolutionary Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile computing 2025年第7期24卷 5731-5748页

作者： Sun, Geng Xiao, Jian Li, Jiahui Wang, Jiacheng Kang, Jiawen Niyato, Dusit Mao, Shiwen the College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China the College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore the School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore the School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States

—Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as the potential aerial base stations (BSs) to improve terrestrial communications. However, the limited onboard energy and antenna power of a UAV restrict its communication range and transmission capability. To address these limitations, this work employs collaborative beamforming through a UAV-enabled virtual antenna array to improve transmission performance from the UAV to terrestrial mobile users, under interference from non-associated BSs and dynamic channel conditions. Specifically, we introduce a memory-based random walk model to more accurately depict the mobility patterns of terrestrial mobile users. Following this, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP) focused on maximizing the transmission rate while minimizing the flight energy consumption of the UAV swarm. Given the NP-hard nature of the formulated MOP and the highly dynamic environment, we transform this problem into a multi-objective Markov decision process and propose an improved evolutionary multi-objective reinforcement learning algorithm. Specifically, this algorithm introduces an evolutionary learning approach to obtain the approximate Pareto set for the formulated MOP. Moreover, the algorithm incorporates a long short-term memory network and hyper-sphere-based task selection method to discern the movement patterns of terrestrial mobile users and improve the diversity of the obtained Pareto set. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively generates a diverse range of non-dominated policies and outperforms existing methods. Additional simulations demonstrate the scalability and robustness of the proposed CB-based method under different system parameters and various unexpected circumstances. © 2025 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov processes

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Deep Instruction Tuning for Segment Anything Model 24

Deep Instruction Tuning for Segment Anything Model

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Huang, Xiaorui Luo, Gen Zhu, Chaoyang Tong, Bo Zhou, Yiyi Sun, Xiaoshuai Ji, Rongrong Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Ministry of Education of China Xiamen University Fujian Xiamen China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Recently, Segment Anything Model (SAM) has become a research hotspot in the fields of multimedia and computer vision, which exhibits powerful yet versatile capabilities on various (un) conditional image segmentation tasks. Although SAM can support different types of segmentation prompts, we note that, compared to point- and box-guided segmentations, it performs much worse on text-instructed tasks, e.g., referring image segmentation (RIS). In this paper, we argue that deep text instruction tuning is key to mitigate such shortcoming caused by the shallow fusion scheme in its default light-weight mask decoder. To address this issue, we propose two simple yet effective deep instruction tuning (DIT) methods for SAM, one is end-to-end and the other is layer-wise. With minimal modifications, DITs can directly transform the image encoder of SAM as a stand-alone vision-language learner in contrast to building another deep fusion branch, maximizing the benefit of its superior segmentation capability. Extensive experiments on three highly competitive benchmark datasets of RIS show that a simple end-to-end DIT can improve SAM by a large margin, while the layer-wise DIT can further boost the performance to state-of-the-art with much less data and training expenditures. Our code is released at: https://***/wysnzzzz/DIT. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Deep learning

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Long Short-Term Memory Auto-Encoder-Based Position Prediction Model for Fixed-Wing UAV during Communication Failure

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第1期4卷 173-181页

作者： Kant, Ravi Saini, Poonam Kumari, Julee Defence Electronics Application Laboratory Defence Research and Development Organisation Dehradun248001 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Punjab Engineering College Chandigarh148023 India Centre for Development of Advanced Computing Mohali160071 India

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV's) safe flight is one of the most important tasks of ground control stations (GCS). However, sometimes due to communication failure between ground data terminal (GDT) and UAV, GCS is not able to ensure a safe flight, which could be hazardous. In such conditions, the accurate UAV position finding prediction becomes essential to serve as sustenance for UAVs. Hence, this article proposes a UAV's position finding prediction model using a deep neural network application for successfully pointing the GDT toward UAV in real time. The proposed work consists of three components, namely data preprocessing, long short-term memory autoencoder (LSTM-AE)-based deep learning model, and mathematical formulation to calculate the ground radar look angle. First, we use different preprocessing techniques on a historical raw dataset for better visualization and generate patterns. To achieve this, Tensor flow along with Keras packages have been used. Next, an LSTM autoencoder deep learning model is applied to the same dataset in order to predict an accurate 4-D position of the UAV. Finally, the output from the LSTM autoencoder model is used in a mathematical model to calculate the GDT look-angles called Azimuth and Elevation. Both the parameters have been used to point the GDT toward the predicted point on the Airspace. We evaluate our proposed model against famous evaluation matrices, namely mean absolute error, mean square error, and root-mean-square error to validate the experimental results. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Competition on robust deep learning

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National science Review 2023年第6期10卷 13-15页

作者： Yinpeng Dong Chang Liu Wenzhao Xiang Hang Su Jun Zhu Department of Computer Science and Technology Institute for AI Tsinghua-Bosch Joint ML Center THBI Lab BNRist Center Tsinghua University Institute of Image Communication and Networks Engineering in the Department of Electronic Engineering (EE) Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS Peng Cheng Laboratory Pazhou Laboratory (Huangpu)

PROBLEM In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology,especially machine learning and deep learning, is profoundly changing human production and *** various fields,such as robotics,face recognition,autonomous driving and healthcare,AI is playing an important ***,although AI is promoting the technological revolution and industrial progress,its security risks are often *** studies have found that the wellperforming deep learning models are extremely vulnerable to adversarial examples [1-3].The adversarial examples are crafted by applying small,humanimperceptible perturbations to natural examples,but can mislead deep learning models to make wrong *** vulnerability of deep learning models to adversarial examples can raise security and safety threats to various realworld applications.

关键词： robustness adversarial example adversarial training deep learning

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Vision based intelligent traffic light management system using Faster R‐CNN

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 932-947页

作者： Syed Konain Abbas Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan Jia Zhu Raheem Sarwar Naif R.Aljohani Ibrahim A.Hameed Muhammad Umair Hassan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaChina OTHEM Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of ICT and Natural Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)ÅlesundNorway

Transportation systems primarily depend on vehicular flow on roads. Developed coun-tries have shifted towards automated signal control, which manages and updates signal synchronisation automatically. In contrast, traffic in underdeveloped countries is mainly governed by manual traffic light systems. These existing manual systems lead to numerous issues, wasting substantial resources such as time, energy, and fuel, as they cannot make real‐time decisions. In this work, we propose an algorithm to determine traffic signal durations based on real‐time vehicle density, obtained from live closed circuit television camera feeds adjacent to traffic signals. The algorithm automates the traffic light system, making decisions based on vehicle density and employing Faster R‐CNN for vehicle detection. Additionally, we have created a local dataset from live streams of Punjab Safe City cameras in collaboration with the local police authority. The proposed algorithm achieves a class accuracy of 96.6% and a vehicle detection accuracy of 95.7%. Across both day and night modes, our proposed method maintains an average precision, recall, F1 score, and vehicle detection accuracy of 0.94, 0.98, 0.96 and 0.95, respectively. Our proposed work surpasses all evaluation metrics compared to state‐of‐the‐art methodologies.

关键词： access control artificial intelligence computer vision intelligent control

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