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Machine learning and deep learning algorithms in detecting COVID-19 utilizing medical images: a comprehensive review

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Iran Journal of computer science 2024年第3期7卷 699-721页

作者： Nurjahan Mahbub-Or-Rashid, Md. Satu, Md. Shahriare Tammim, Sanjana Ruhani Sunny, Farhana Akter Moni, Mohammad Ali Department of IoT and Robotics Engineering Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Digital University Kaliakair Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Mirpur Bangladesh Department of Management Information Systems Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University Auburn AL United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Australia

The public’s health is seriously at risk from the coronavirus pandemic. Millions of people have already died as a result of this devastating illness, which affects countless people daily worldwide. Unfortunately, no specific therapeutic drugs or vaccines are available to cure patients completely. Therefore, early identification of infected individuals and their isolation can help reduce community transmission of COVID-19. Despite being commonly used, the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test is costly, time-consuming, and requires suitable kits, which are not always readily available. An alternative solution for the traditional RT-PCR test is machine learning and deep learning-based COVID-19 detection that utilizes clinical features of chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) images. In this study, we conducted a detailed review of more than 100 recently published works to detect COVID-19-infected patients. Thus, different data preprocessing, data augmentation, image enhancement, feature extraction, machine learning, deep learning, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, etc. were explored to understand how these techniques were used to process images for identifying COVID-19. Additionally, we identified the current challenges in this field and suggested further research directions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Chest X-ray Computed tomography COVID-19 Deep learning Machine learning

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Optimal Resource Allocation Method for Device-to-Device Communication in 5G Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1-15页

作者： Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Imran Khan Saleem Latteef Mohammed Huda Farooq Jameel Mohammad Alamgeer Ali M.Al-Sharafi Byung Seo Kim Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityMuhayel AseerKSA Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversityYemen Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawarPakistan Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Electrical Engineering Technical CollegeMiddle Technical UniversityBaghdad10013Iraq Department of Information Systems King Khalid UniversityMayahel AseerKSA Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaKSA Department of Software and Communications Engineering Hongik UniversityKorea

With the rapid development of the next-generation mobile network,the number of terminal devices and applications is growing ***,how to obtain a higher data rate,wider network coverage and higher resource utilization in the limited spectrum resources has become the common research goal of ***-to-Device(D2D)communication technology and other frontier communication technologies have ***-to-Device communication technology is the technology that devices in proximity can communicate directly in cellular *** has become one of the key technologies of the fifth-generation mobile communications system(5G).D2D communication technology which is introduced into cellular networks can effectively improve spectrum utilization,enhance network coverage,reduce transmission delay and improve system throughput,but it would also bring complicated and various interferences due to reusing cellular resources at the same *** resource management is one of the most challenging and importing issues to give full play to the advantages of D2D *** resource allocation is an important factor that needs to be addressed in D2D ***,this paper proposes an optimization method based on the game-matching *** main idea is to model the optimization problem of the quality-of-experience based on user fairness and solve it through game-matching *** results show that the proposed algorithm effectively improved the resource allocation and utilization as compared with existing algorithms.

关键词： D2D communication resource allocation optimization networks

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Machine Learning Stroke Prediction in Smart Healthcare:Integrating Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor and Artificial Neural Networks with Feature Selection Techniques

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5115-5134页

作者： Abdul Ahad Ira Puspitasari Jiangbin Zheng Shamsher Ullah Farhan Ullah Sheikh Tahir Bakhsh Ivan Miguel Pires Department Information System Study Program Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya60286Indonesia School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Research Center for Quantum Engineering Design Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya60286Indonesia School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China Cybersecurity Center Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University617Al JawharahKhobarDhahran34754Saudi Arabia Cardiff School of Technologies Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityWestern AvenueCardiffCF52YBUK Instituto de Telecomunicacoes Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestao de AguedaUniversidade de Aveiroágueda3750-127Portugal

This research explores the use of Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor(F-KNN)and Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)for predicting heart stroke incidents,focusing on the impact of feature selection methods,specifically Chi-Square and Best First Search(BFS).The study demonstrates that BFS significantly enhances the performance of both *** BFS preprocessing,the ANN model achieved an impressive accuracy of 97.5%,precision and recall of 97.5%,and an Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)area of 97.9%,outperforming the Chi-Square-based ANN,which recorded an accuracy of 91.4%.Similarly,the F-KNN model with BFS achieved an accuracy of 96.3%,precision and recall of 96.3%,and a Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)area of 96.2%,surpassing the performance of the Chi-Square F-KNN model,which showed an accuracy of 95%.These results highlight that BFS improves the ability to select the most relevant features,contributing to more reliable and accurate stroke *** findings underscore the importance of using advanced feature selection methods like BFS to enhance the performance of machine learning models in healthcare applications,leading to better stroke risk management and improved patient outcomes.

关键词： Fuzzy K-nearest neighbor artificial neural network accuracy precision recall F-measure Chi-Square best search first heart stroke

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Identification of Anomaly Scenes in Videos Using Graph Neural Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5417-5430页

作者： Khalid Masood Mahmoud M.Al-Sakhnini Waqas Nawaz Tauqeer Faiz Abdul Salam Mohammad Hamza Kashif Department of Software Engineering Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Business Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Al-Madinah International University–Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Kuala LumpurMalaysia College of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinahKingdom of Saudi Arabia School of IT Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science(FECS)-Swinburne University of TechnologySarawak Department of General Education Skyline University CollegeUniversity City of SharjahUAE Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

Generally,conventional methods for anomaly detection rely on clustering,proximity,or *** themassive growth in surveillance videos,outliers or anomalies find ingenious ways to obscure themselves in the network and make conventional techniques *** research explores the structure of Graph neural networks(GNNs)that generalize deep learning frameworks to graph-structured *** node in the graph structure is labeled and anomalies,represented by unlabeled nodes,are predicted by performing random walks on the node-based graph *** to their strong learning abilities,GNNs gained popularity in various domains such as natural language processing,social network analytics and *** detection is a challenging task in computer vision but the proposed algorithm using GNNs efficiently performs the identification of *** Graph-based deep learning networks are designed to predict unknown objects and *** our case,they detect unusual objects in the form of malicious *** edges between nodes represent a relationship of nodes among each *** case of anomaly,such as the bike rider in Pedestrians data,the rider node has a negative value for the edge and it is identified as an *** encoding and decoding layers are crucial for determining how statistical measurements affect anomaly identification and for correcting the graph path to the best possible *** show that the proposed framework is a step ahead of the traditional approaches in detecting unusual activities,which shows a huge potential in automatically monitoring surveillance *** autonomous monitoring of CCTV,crime control and damage or destruction by a group of people or crowd can be identified and alarms may be triggered in unusual activities in streets or public *** suggested GNN model improves accuracy by 4%for the Pedestrian 2 dataset and 12%for the Pedestrian 1 dataset compared to a few state-of the-art techniq

关键词： Graph neural network deep learning anomaly detection auto encoders

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Heart-Net: AMulti-Modal Deep Learning Approach for Diagnosing Cardiovascular Diseases

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 3967-3990页

作者： DeemaMohammed Alsekait Ahmed Younes Shdefat AymanNabil Asif Nawaz Muhammad Rizwan Rashid Rana Zohair Ahmed Hanaa Fathi Diaa Salama Abd Elminaam Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Applied CollegePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila15453Kuwait Faculty of Computers Science Misr International UniversityCairo11800Egypt University Institute of Information Technology—PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpjndi46000Pakistan Department of Computer Science International Islamic UniversityIslamabad04436Pakistan Jadara Research Center Jadara UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Information System Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial IntelligenceBenha UniversityBanha13511Egypt MEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan

Heart disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,highlighting the need for improved diagnostic *** diagnostics face limitations such as reliance on single-modality data and vulnerability to apparatus faults,which can reduce accuracy,especially with poor-quality ***,these methods often require significant time and expertise,making them less accessible in resource-limited *** technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning offer promising solutions by integrating multi-modality data and enhancing diagnostic precision,ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare *** study introduces Heart-Net,a multi-modal deep learning framework designed to enhance heart disease diagnosis by integrating data from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)and Electrocardiogram(ECG).Heart-Net uses a 3D U-Net for MRI analysis and a Temporal Convolutional Graph Neural Network(TCGN)for ECG feature extraction,combining these through an attention mechanism to emphasize relevant *** is performed using Optimized *** approach improves early detection,reduces diagnostic errors,and supports personalized risk assessments and continuous health *** proposed approach results show that Heart-Net significantly outperforms traditional single-modality models,achieving accuracies of 92.56%forHeartnetDataset Ⅰ(HNET-DSⅠ),93.45%forHeartnetDataset Ⅱ(HNET-DSⅡ),and 91.89%for Heartnet Dataset Ⅲ(HNET-DSⅢ),mitigating the impact of apparatus faults and image quality *** findings underscore the potential of Heart-Net to revolutionize heart disease diagnostics and improve clinical outcomes.

关键词： Heart diseases magnetic resonance imaging electrocardiogram deep learning classification

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Pre-trained Self-Attention Framework: An Efficient Mechanism for Source Separation 13th

Pre-trained Self-Attention Framework: An Efficient Mechanism...

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13th International Conference on information Technology and its Applications, CITA 2024

作者： Minh Tan, Ha Fhadli, Muhammad Kim Quoc, Nguyen Vu, Duc-Quang Faculty of Information Technology Nguyen Tat Thanh University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Informatics Faculty of Engineering Khairun University Ternate City Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Information System Thai Nguyen University of Education Thai Nguyen Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9783031741265

In this work, the pre-trained model of the self-attention framework is proposed for single-channel speech separation. Firstly, all layers in the pre-trained self-attention framework are frozen. The model is then retrained through three stages using the scheduling mechanism for learning rates and the layers of the framework are unlocked following the schedule. This way, the model is relearned, enhanced, and updated from previous knowledge. This is an effective way to improve the advanced model performance while significantly reducing the time and cost of a training model. This method is beneficial in applying existing models to perform a similar task or enhancing model performance. In this strategy, the pre-trained system outperforms the non-pre-trained system since the following phases of the model’s training repurpose characteristics extracted through the previously trained early phases. The suggested method is tested and assessed on a conventional dataset. The findings from experiments suggest that the methodology has higher performance than the baseline framework and outperforms current methods for the monaural speech separation task. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： fine-tuning framework pre-trained model self-attention mechanism speech separation time masking framework Transformer

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A Gamified Virtual Learning Environment to Enhance Online Teaching and Learning Experience 7

A Gamified Virtual Learning Environment to Enhance Online Te...

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7th IEEE International conference for Convergence in Technology, I2CT 2022

作者： Tharaka, W.C.M.K. Dilanka, R.M.T. Perera, H.D.D.S. Rathnayake, R.H.C.S. Kodagoda, Nuwan Suriyawansa, Kushnara Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Faculty of Computing Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421683

In-class teaching not only concentrates on lecture content delivery but also on maintaining strong mutuality between lecturer-students and student-student. Online lectures are gaining popularity due to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the learning-teaching process has become ineffective because existing video conferencing solutions are not intended for academic purposes. This research was conducted to identify the pain points of online education and develop an enhanced software solution. A user survey confirmed that an isolated environment tends to diminish attentiveness during online lectures. Also, it is difficult for teachers to observe the attentiveness of all the students. As a solution, student attentiveness was measured using their facial expressions and collected data shown to lecturers through a virtual student behavioural environment. The physical separation causes students to feel isolated during lectures, which can negatively affect their academic development and social and psychological development. The developed application also provides a virtual group study environment as a feature. According to the results gathered in the user acceptance testing phase, it was found that the attention detection feature helps students keep their attention at a significant level. Further, 9 out of 10 teachers who participated in the testing acknowledged that the simulated student behavioural view could provide a more immersive experience. 71% of students preferred the new collaborative virtual environment, and students further elaborated that the virtual environment was more likely the physical group studies. 72% of students mentioned that the collaborative group study tool helped eliminate isolation during group studies. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： E-learning

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A Security Enhanced Chaotic-Map-Based Authentication Protocol for Internet of Drones

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024年第12期11卷 22301-22309页

作者： Mahmood, Khalid Ghaffar, Zahid Farooq, Muhammad Yahya, Khalid Das, Ashok Kumar Chaudhry, Shehzad Ashraf National Yunlin University Of Science And Technology Graduate School Of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University Of Science And Technology Graduate School Of Engineering Science And Technology Douliu64002 Taiwan Abu Dhabi University Department Of Mathematics And Statistics College Of Arts And Sciences Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Istanbul Gelisim University Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering Istanbul34310 Turkey Sabratah University Department Of Electrical Engineering Faculty Of Engineering Regdalen Libya Center For Security Theory And Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500 032 India Abu Dhabi University Department Of Computer Science And Information Technology College Of Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Nisantasi University Faculty Of Engineering And Architecture Department Of Software Engineering Istanbul34398 Turkey

The Internet of Drones (IoD) extends the capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles, enabling them to participate in a connected network. In IoD infrastructure, drones communicate not only among themselves but also with users and a control center. This interconnected communication framework holds promise for various applications, from collaborative decision-making to real-time data exchange. However, the expansion of communication in IoD also introduces new challenges, particularly in terms of security, privacy and authentication. Unfortunately, the current authentication protocols are inadequate in offering robust security features against various attacks in the IoD environment. To address these security issues and limitations, we proposed a secure protocol for the IoD environment using chaotic maps and hash functions. In addition, we also employed a physically unclonable function in the development of the proposed protocol. We assess the security of the protocol through both informal and formal security analysis. The formal security analysis is conducted through a widely used random or real (RoR) model. The informal analysis shows the rigorous security features against various attacks, such as masquerading, anonymity violation, and physical cloning attacks. Moreover, we compare the performance of the devised protocol with similar existing protocols across important performance parameters, such as communication overhead, computation overhead, and security features. The devised protocol provides a 67.86% and 17.80% reduction in computation and communication overheads, respectively, as compared to related protocols. The analysis demonstrates the proposed protocol's capacity to support secure communication in the IoD environment and satisfy desirable security attributes. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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Message Verification Protocol Based on Bilinear Pairings and Elliptic Curves for Enhanced Security in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 1029-1057页

作者： Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi Arkan A.Ghaib Hend Muslim Jasim Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar Junchao Ma Mustafa A.Al Sibahee Abdulla J.Y.Aldarwish Ali Hasan Ali Husam A.Neamah Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and TechnologyBondo40601Kenya Department of Applied Electronics Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennaiTamilnadu602105India Information Technology Department Management Technical CollegeSouthern Technical UniversityBasrah61004Iraq Department of Computer Science College of Education for Pure SciencesUniversity of BasrahBasrah61004Iraq College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen518118China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen518000China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Computer Technology Engineering Department Iraq University CollegeBasrah61004Iraq Department of Mathematics College of Education for Pure SciencesUniversity of BasrahBasrah61004Iraq Institute of Mathematics University of DebrecenDebrecenH-4002Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering and Mechatronics Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen4028Hungary

Vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs)provide intelligent navigation and efficient route management,resulting in time savings and cost reductions in the transportation ***,the exchange of beacons and messages over public channels among vehicles and roadside units renders these networks vulnerable to numerous attacks and privacy *** address these challenges,several privacy and security preservation protocols based on blockchain and public key cryptography have been proposed ***,most of these schemes are limited by a long execution time and massive communication costs,which make them inefficient for on-board units(OBUs).Additionally,some of them are still susceptible to many *** such,this study presents a novel protocol based on the fusion of elliptic curve cryptography(ECC)and bilinear pairing(BP)*** formal security analysis is accomplished using the Burrows–Abadi–Needham(BAN)logic,demonstrating that our scheme is verifiably *** proposed scheme’s informal security assessment also shows that it provides salient security features,such as non-repudiation,anonymity,and ***,the scheme is shown to be resilient against attacks,such as packet replays,forgeries,message falsifications,and *** the performance perspective,this protocol yields a 37.88%reduction in communication overheads and a 44.44%improvement in the supported security ***,the proposed scheme can be deployed in VANETs to provide robust security at low overheads.

关键词： Attacks bilinear elliptic curve cryptography(ECC) privacy security vehicular ad hoc network(VANET)

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Genome-wide exploratory analysis for NARAC dataset with preparation for haplotype block partitioning through minor allele frequency quality control viewpoint

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Iran Journal of computer science 2023年第4期6卷 387-396页

作者： Saad, Mohamed N. Zareef, Galena W. Ibrahim, Fatma S. Said, Ashraf M. Hamed, Hisham F. A. Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minia University Minia Egypt Biomedical Engineering Department Misr University for Science and Technology 6th of October City Egypt Bioinformatics Department Faculty of Computer and Information Minia University Minia Egypt Computer and Software Engineering Department Misr University for Science and Technology 6th of October City Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Egyptian-Russian University Cairo Egypt Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minia University Minia Egypt

This article provides a detailed description, analysis, and visualization of a case–control genome-wide genotypic dataset from the North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium (NARAC). The data is presented in terms of the number of females and males in both cases and controls, as well as the percentage of missing data. The number of alleles and genotypes is also counted, and the minor allele frequency (MAF) is calculated for each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The data is further classified into four categories based on the SNP's MAF, namely, very rare, rare, low frequency, and common SNPs. The regions of these categories in the chromosome are investigated to determine the proportion of SNPs in coding locations and other regions. It is observed that each category has a different proportion in each region of consequence annotation. The data composition in terms of alleles and genotypes is found to be greatly disproportionate. The results present clear insights into the data and its MAF, which can be compared with other datasets. These findings can aid researchers in gaining a comprehensive understanding of such case–control datasets and bring accurate insights into the data. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Genome-wide association study Genome-wide exploratory analysis Minor allele frequency Single nucleotide polymorphism Variant annotation

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