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Lockstep Replacement: Fault-Tolerant Design

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 94302-94318页

作者： Mach, Ján Kohútka, Lukáš Slovak University of Technology Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Bratislava Slovakia DrASIC S.r.o Bratislava Slovakia

System-level lockstep, interconnecting two original cores, is nowadays the state-of-the-art approach for protecting processor systems against random hardware faults. However, the lack of information outside the cores necessitates many compromises in dependability, software complexity, power consumption, performance, and system cost. We propose a redundancy-based protection scheme integrated into the microarchitecture of the core. The scheme separates the execution pipeline into sections with fault detection and fault tolerance while the large predictor components remain unprotected. This approach results in fault-tolerant hardware with only an 8% area penalty compared to the dual-core lockstep, which provides only fault detection. Since the hardware recovers from the faults automatically, it does not necessitate software support and additional memory for checkpoints. The scheme comprises independent protection approaches, resulting in negligible frequency impact. It also provides interface and memory protection and is designed to be applicable in most of the embedded-class cores. Simulation-based fault injection campaigns were performed, considering physical synthesis data, to assess the fault-tolerance. We also analyze how software compilation affects dependability and provide a hardware solution to mitigate the undesired effects. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Program compilers

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Integrating Data Protection at Interface of RISC-V Processor Core

Integrating Data Protection at Interface of RISC-V Processor...

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2024 Panhellenic Conference on Electronics and Telecommunications, PACET 2024

作者： Mach, Jan Kohutka, Lukas Cicak, Pavel Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Slovakia Information Systems and Software Engineering Slovak University of Technology Institute of Informatics Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318845

Fulfilling increasing performance demands of space and automotive applications can be problematic as high dependability is required. Memory is one of the most radiationsensitive parts, so it is often protected with information redundancy. This paper describes an integration of error correction and detection techniques into the interface of RISC-V processor to protect the data stored in the memory. We also provide a hardware-software interface for reporting errors and software routines for correcting data in memory. Our solution has a negligible impact (-3.9%) on the overall performance of the core with a small area and power consumption overhead. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Error correction

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ANNOE: Adaptive Neural Networks Optimization Engine

ANNOE: Adaptive Neural Networks Optimization Engine

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2023 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Science and Data engineering, CSDE 2023

作者： Kariyawasam, Nimendra Somasundaram, Sharmilan Software Engineering Informatics Institute of Technology Colombo Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341072

As the demand for deploying machine learning models on high-end mobile devices and IoT devices increases, the need for efficient machine learning model optimization becomes critical to execute on-device AI tasks. One of the primary challenges in this context is the retraining process of these models on IoT and mobile devices with new data, which is constrained due to limited processing power. This limitation hinders the generation of accurate domain-specific inference results, as models may not be as well-trained with real-world data, potentially reducing their predictive accuracy and generalizability when applied to practical scenarios. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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Lockstep Vs Microarchitecture: A Comparison 37

Lockstep Vs Microarchitecture: A Comparison

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37th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference, SOCC 2024

作者： Mach, Jan Kohutka, Lukas Cicak, Pavel Slovak University of Technology Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Bratislava842 16 Slovakia Slovak University of Technology Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Bratislava842 16 Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377569

Safety/mission-critical applications require high dependability of the control systems. Their state-of-the-art protection approach is a system-level lockstep. This paper compares the system-level dual and triple lockstep technique to the microarchitecture-level protection of the Hardisc RISC-V core. For a fair comparison, each system is based on the same core(s) and integrates protection against bit-flips in memory and transient faults in the bus. We propose a fault injection methodology, combining pre-synthesis simulation with synthesis data to analyse the vulnerability of a system to faults. The fault injection campaigns show that the Hardisc can withstand fault rates orders of magnitude higher than the dual-core lockstep system while preserving the same area and power consumption. It comes with a 5% frequency penalty. We have shown that system failures are more frequent once the fault rate reaches an application-specific threshold (one fault in 100 clock cycles). © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Failure rate

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Classification of Privacy Preserved Medical Data with Fractional Tuna Sailfish Optimization Based Deep Residual Network in Cloud

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Annals of Data Science 2025年第3期12卷 829-854页

作者： Shikalgar, Shabanam K. Kumar, N. V. S. Pavan Singh, Gavendra Rashid, Faizur Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering Yadrav India Koneru Lakshmiah Education Foundation Vijayawada India Department of Software Engineering College of Computing and Informatics Haramaya University Dire Dawa138 Ethiopia College of Computing and Informatics Haramaya University Dire Dawa138 Ethiopia

Nowadays, with the growth of emerging technologies, increased attention has been paid to the classification of privacy-preserved medical data and development of various privacy-preserving models for the promotion of online medical pre-diagnosis systems. Medical data is highly sensitive and it is essential to ensure privacy of medical records from third-party users to increase service quality, satisfy patients and earn trust. The classification of medical preserved data is helpful to build a clinical decision system by classifying patients based on their disease and symptoms. In this article, a hybrid optimization-based deep learning model named Fractional Tuna Sailfish Optimization–Deep Residual Network (FractionalTSFO-DRN) is designed to precisely classify the privacy preserved medical data. A privacy utility coefficient matrix is used to ensure the privacy of medical data by generating a key matrix using Tuna Sailfish Optimization (TSFO) algorithmic technique. The privacy-preserved medical data is allowed for the classification process using DRN and the introduced Fractional TSFO is used to optimize and enhance the classification in DRN. The assessment followed by using heart disease prediction databases proved that the employed classification technique recorded an accuracy of 94.67%, a True Positive Rate of 93.56%, and a True Negative Rate of 89.68% respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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An experimental study on fire characteristics of urban complex underground space based on BIM

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence technology 2023年第4期8卷 1403-1414页

作者： Jinrong Cui Hao Mei Haosen Sun Ye Jingqi Wei Hu Yong Xu College of Mathematics and Informatics(College of Software Engineering) South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina The University of Manchester ManchesterUK Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen) ShenzhenChina

Compared with the space on the ground,if there is a fire in the urban complex underground space,the loss will be greatly *** addition,the complex underground space is usually connected with other large space areas and densely *** a fire occurs in the complex underground space,it will cause huge property losses and *** order to reduce the risk of fire,it is necessary to deeply understand the development rules and characteristics of fire in the complex underground space of the *** article has mainly carried on the following work:(I)A particularly complex model of the multi‐storey subway station was *** this basis,three groups of comparative experiments were conducted to study the effects of fire power,fire location and smoke control system on fire development,and the conclusion that fire location is the most important factor for fire development was obtained;(II)In order to explore the entire space fire and the local space fire,CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)is used to build a large‐size fire model and a small‐size fire model respectively;(III)Multiple detector data as temperature slices were built,and it is expected to make full use of the simulation data to deduce the important index of fire location in the early stage of *** of the works in this paper will provide reference experimental data for the prevention and firefighting of a sudden fire in the complex underground space.

关键词： fire simulation underground multi‐storey subway station urban complex underground space

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Patterns for Improving User Contribution 28

Patterns for Improving User Contribution

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28th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs, EuroPLoP 2023

作者： Haiderzai, Mohammad Daud Vranic, Valentino Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700408

User contributions is an important part in software development, the pursuit of identifying effective means of user contributions in software development is a crucial area of interest for software companies and their development teams. Determining the most opportune moments, locations, and methods for such contributions presents a significant challenge for organizations, which necessitates the exploration of generic and proven solutions. Applying patterns, established and observed solutions may provide the answers to such challenges and similar ones. This paper offers insights into the practical implementation of seven newly discovered organizational patterns in a real-life environment. The patterns are comprehensively described, accompanied by illustrative examples, and subsequently applied in actual practices. © 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： software design

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Dramatizing software Patterns: Focus Group Report 28

Dramatizing Software Patterns: Focus Group Report

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28th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs, EuroPLoP 2023

作者： Vranic, Valentino Vranic, Aleksandra Vranic, Branislava Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700408

The focus group on drama patterns we organized at EuroPLoP 2023 attracted 16 participants (apart from the organizers), who together built a short drama play (created by Aleksandra Vranic) based on the motifs from the stories of Alice in Wonderland. We discussed how particular drama patterns metaphorically correspond to some software patterns and elaborated on two examples of such correspondence: the Thoughts Reflecting Environment drama pattern and its correspondence to the Observer design pattern and the Loosely Coupled Situations drama pattern and its correspondence to the Visitor design pattern. Both drama patterns were first played by the participants and then related to the corresponding design pattern. We also played Observer in a technical, nonmetaphoric way. We also made a performance at the banquet, which was accepted with delight. We achieved this with no rehearsals and with the actor for the main role appointed just before the performance, which confirmed once more how powerful patterns are. © 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： design patterns drama patterns organizational patterns pattern composition

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Discussion Manipulation, Language and Domain Dependent Models: An Overview

Discussion Manipulation, Language and Domain Dependent Model...

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2023 IEEE Zooming Innovation in Consumer Technologies Conference, ZINC 2023

作者： Chalas, Filip Stupavsky, Igor Vranic, Valentino Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Institute of Informatics Information Systems and Software Engineering Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347722

The amount of antisocial online behavior (AOB) in the political field has been on the rise in recent years. In the research, we are dealing with the reason for confusing AOB with other forms of antisocial behavior. We specifically dealt with NLP in the political field in the Slovak language, with a specific number of prefixes and suffixes. In this paper, we focus on the area of detection of manipulation of political discussions. The data source consisted of previously collected data in the period from April 2018 with an update until November 19, 2022 realized within this research from the site ***, which we supplemented with new claims. We trained several classification models on preprocessed data and evaluated them. For multi-class classification, the best results were achieved using logistic regression and a support vector machine trained on the resampled dataset-both achieving an accuracy of 0.56 and a macro F1 score of 0.39. In the case of binary classification, the best results were achieved by logistic regression-accuracy 0.7 and macro F1 score 0.56. These models could help detect manipulation in online political discussions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Identifying and Documenting Best Practices in Digital Transformation 28

Identifying and Documenting Best Practices in Digital Transf...

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28th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs, EuroPLoP 2023

作者： Momand, Mohammad Yusuf Vranic, Valentino Institute of Informatics Information System and Software Engineering Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700408

Digital transformation allows organizations to maintain sustainable development and address ongoing challenges. The current digital transformation and advanced technology mega-trend significantly impact society and organizations, making digital technology crucial for public and private organizations, universities, and daily life. Despite the rising demand, there is often a lack of standard policies governing the use of digital technology. Practical experience and literature reveal key challenges in transitioning from traditional to digital systems, including limited public awareness, mindset, ICT skills, government support, and collaboration between organizations and software engineering societies. Governments must establish digital transformation policies and offer software development guidelines for public organizations to digitalize their systems. Additionally, they should provide or support research projects funded by governmental and nongovernmental organizations to identify infrastructure and regulatory issues within Afghanistan’s digital transformation context. This study documents six organizational patterns observed during the transformation of traditional systems into digital systems, illustrating their sequence and explaining the development of a pattern language from these patterns. © 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： software design

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