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Fake News Encoder Classifier (FNEC) for Online Published News Related to COVID-19 Vaccines

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 73-90页

作者： Asma Qaiser Saman Hina Abdul Karim Kazi Saad Ahmed Raheela Asif Department of Computer Science and Information Technology NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Computer Science Iqra UniversityKarachi76400Pakistan Department of Software Engineering NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan

In the past few years,social media and online news platforms have played an essential role in distributing news content *** of the authenticity of news has become a major *** the COVID-19 outbreak,misinformation and fake news were major sources of confusion and insecurity among the general *** the first quarter of the year 2020,around 800 people died due to fake news relevant to *** major goal of this research was to discover the best learning model for achieving high accuracy and performance.A novel case study of the Fake News Classification using ELECTRA model,which achieved 85.11%accuracy score,is thus reported in this *** addition to that,a new novel dataset called COVAX-Reality containing COVID-19 vaccine-related news has been *** the COVAX-Reality dataset,the performance of FNEC is compared to several traditional learning models i.e.,Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naive Bayes(NB),Passive Aggressive Classifier(PAC),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),Bi-directional LSTM(Bi-LSTM)and Bi-directional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT).For the evaluation of FNEC,standard metrics(Precision,Recall,Accuracy,and F1-Score)were utilized.

关键词： Deep learning fake news detection machine learning transformer model classification

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Diluie: constructing diverse demonstrations of in-context learning with large language model for unified information extraction

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第22期36卷 13491-13512页

作者： Guo, Qian Guo, Yi Zhao, Jin Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai200433 China

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising in-context learning capabilities, especially with instructive prompts. However, recent studies have shown that existing large models still face challenges in specific information extraction (IE) tasks. Moreover, it could have more effectively utilized various prompts such as instruction tuning, diverse demonstrations of in-context learning, and long-range token sequences for assisting language modeling in understanding context. In this study, we propose DILUIE, a unified information extraction framework based on in-context learning with diverse demonstration examples. DILUIE is encoded with an EVA attention mechanism and incremental encoding technology. Based on the constructed diverse demonstrations, we expand the size of instances efficiently in both instruction tuning and in-context learning to gain insights into the potential benefits of utilizing diverse information extraction datasets. To deepen the understanding of context, we further design three auxiliary tasks to assist in aligning contextual semantics. Experimental results demonstrate that DILUIE achieves 2.23 and 2.53% improvements in terms of Micor-/Macor-F1 on average relative to the current state-of-the-art baseline, which also significantly outperforms the GPT-3.5-turbo in zero-shot settings, and the average token length of achieving the best performance over tasks is around 15k. Furthermore, we observe that in-context learning shows enhanced performance when provided with more demonstrations during multiple-shot instruction tuning (8 k). Additionally, increasing the length of instructions (10 k) can result in a more substantial improvement in the upper limits of scaling for in-context learning. Code is available on https://***/Phevos75/DILUIE. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Demonstrations

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A Novel Locomotion Rule Rmbedding Long Short-Term Memory Network with Attention for Human Locomotor Intent Classification Using Multi-Sensors Signals

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4349-4370页

作者： Jiajie Shen Yan Wang Dongxu Zhang Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of EducationColleague of Computer Science and TechnologyJilin UniversityChangchun130012China College of Software and Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Locomotor intent classification has become a research hotspot due to its importance to the development of assistive robotics and wearable *** work have achieved impressive performance in classifying steady locomotion ***,it remains challenging for these methods to attain high accuracy when facing transitions between steady locomotion *** to the similarities between the information of the transitions and their adjacent steady ***,most of these methods rely solely on data and overlook the objective laws between physical activities,resulting in lower accuracy,particularly when encountering complex locomotion modes such as *** address the existing deficiencies,we propose the locomotion rule embedding long short-term memory(LSTM)network with Attention(LREAL)for human locomotor intent classification,with a particular focus on transitions,using data from fewer sensors(two inertial measurement units and four goniometers).The LREAL network consists of two levels:One responsible for distinguishing between steady states and transitions,and the other for the accurate identification of locomotor *** classifier in these levels is composed of multiple-LSTM layers and an attention *** introduce real-world motion rules and apply constraints to the network,a prior knowledge was added to the network via a rule-modulating *** method was tested on the ENABL3S dataset,which contains continuous locomotion date for seven steady and twelve transitions *** results showed that the LREAL network could recognize locomotor intents with an average accuracy of 99.03%and 96.52%for the steady and transitions states,*** is worth noting that the LREAL network accuracy for transition-state recognition improved by 0.18%compared to other state-of-the-art network,while using data from fewer sensors.

关键词： Lower-limb prosthetics deep neural networks motion classification

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PAD: A Robustness Enhancement Ensemble Method via Promoting Attention Diversity 30

PAD: A Robustness Enhancement Ensemble Method via Promoting ...

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Yang, Yuting Huang, Pei Ma, Feifei Cao, Juan Li, Jintao China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Department of Computer Science Stanford University United States State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software CAS China Laboratory of Parallel Software and Computational Science Institute of Software CAS China

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

Deep neural networks can be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, even for the mainstream Transformer-based models. Although several robustness enhancement approaches have been proposed, they usually focus on some certain type of perturbation. As the types of attack can be various and unpredictable in practical scenarios, a general and strong defense method is urgently in require. We notice that most well-trained models can be weakly robust in the perturbation space, i.e., only a small ratio of adversarial examples exist. Inspired by the weak robust property, this paper presents a novel ensemble method for enhancing robustness. We propose a lightweight framework PAD to save computational resources in realizing an ensemble. Instead of training multiple models, a plugin module is designed to perturb the parameters of a base model which can achieve the effect of multiple models. Then, to diversify adversarial example distributions among different models, we promote each model to have different attention patterns via optimizing a diversity measure we defined. Experiments on various widely-used datasets and target models show that PAD can consistently improve the defense ability against many types of adversarial attacks while maintaining accuracy on clean data. Besides, PAD also presents good interpretability via visualizing diverse attention patterns. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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AI-Driven Resource and Communication-Aware Virtual Machine Placement Using Multi-Objective Swarm Optimization for Enhanced Efficiency in Cloud-Based Smart Manufacturing

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 4743-4756页

作者： Praveena Nuthakki Pavan Kumar T. Musaed Alhussein Muhammad Shahid Anwar Khursheed Aurangzeb Leenendra Chowdary Gunnam Department of Computer Science&Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationGuntur522302India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of AI and Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-Si13120Republic of Korea Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM UniversityAmaravati522502India

Cloud computing has emerged as a vital platform for processing resource-intensive workloads in smart manu-facturing environments,enabling scalable and flexible access to remote data centers over the *** these environments,Virtual Machines(VMs)are employed to manage workloads,with their optimal placement on Physical Machines(PMs)being crucial for maximizing resource ***,achieving high resource utilization in cloud data centers remains a challenge due to multiple conflicting objectives,particularly in scenarios involving inter-VM communication dependencies,which are common in smart manufacturing *** manuscript presents an AI-driven approach utilizing a modified Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO)algorithm,enhanced with improved mutation and crossover operators,to efficiently place *** approach aims to minimize the impact on networking devices during inter-VM communication while enhancing resource *** proposed algorithm is benchmarked against other multi-objective algorithms,such as Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Decomposition(MOEA/D),demonstrating its superiority in optimizing resource allocation in cloud-based environments for smart manufacturing.

关键词： Resource utilization smart manufacturing efficiency inter VM communication virtual machine placement cloud computing multi-objective optimization

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Deep learning based water leakage detection for shield tunnel lining

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第6期18卷 887-898页

作者： Shichang LIU Xu XU Gwanggil JEON Junxin CHEN Ben-Guo HE College of Computer Science Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China Department of Embedded Systems Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Korea School of Software Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116621China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Shield tunnel lining is prone to water leakage,which may further bring about corrosion and structural damage to the walls,potentially leading to dangerous *** avoid tedious and inefficient manual inspection,many projects use artificial intelligence(Al)to detect cracks and water leakage.A novel method for water leakage inspection in shield tunnel lining that utilizes deep learning is introduced in this *** proposal includes a ConvNeXt-S backbone,deconvolutional-feature pyramid network(D-FPN),spatial attention module(SPAM).and a detection *** can extract representative features of leaking areas to aid inspection *** further improve the model's robustness,we innovatively use an inversed low-light enhancement method to convert normally illuminated images to low light ones and introduce them into the training *** experiments are performed,achieving the average precision(AP)score of 56.8%,which outperforms previous work by a margin of 5.7%.Visualization illustrations also support our method's practical effectiveness.

关键词： water leakage detection deep learning deconvolutional-feature pyramid spatial attention

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Cardiac CT Image Segmentation for Deep Learning-Based Coronary Calcium Detection Using K-Means Clustering and Grabcut Algorithm

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第8期46卷 2543-2554页

作者： Sungjin Lee Ahyoung Lee Min Hong Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State UniversityMarietta30144GAUSA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Specific medical data has limitations in that there are not many numbers and it is not *** solve these limitations,it is necessary to study how to efficiently process these limited amounts of *** this paper,deep learning methods for automatically determining cardiovascular diseases are described,and an effective preprocessing method for CT images that can be applied to improve the performance of deep learning was *** cardiac CT images include several parts of the body such as the heart,lungs,spine,and *** preprocessing step proposed in this paper divided CT image data into regions of interest and other regions using K-means clustering and the Grabcut *** compared the deep learning performance results of original data,data using only K-means clustering,and data using both K-means clustering and the Grabcut *** data used in this paper were collected at Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital in Korea and the experimental test proceeded with IRB *** training was conducted using Resnet 50,VGG,and Inception resnet V2 models,and Resnet 50 had the best accuracy in validation and *** the preprocessing process proposed in this paper,the accuracy of deep learning models was significantly improved by at least 10%and up to 40%.

关键词： Deep learning VGG resnet CT image processing

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3-Multi ranked encryption with enhanced security in cloud computing

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第2期9卷 313-326页

作者： YeEun Kim Junggab Son Reza M.Parizi Gautam Srivastava Heekuck Oh Major in Bio Artificial Intelligence Dept.of Computer Science and EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State UniversityMariettaUSA Department of Software Engineering Kennesaw State UniversityMariettaUSA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonCanada Research Center for Interneural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Dept.of Computer Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea

Searchable Encryption(SE)enables data owners to search remotely stored ciphertexts selectively.A practical model that is closest to real life should be able to handle search queries with multiple keywords and multiple data owners/users,and even return the top-k most relevant search results when *** refer to a model that satisfies all of the conditions a 3-multi ranked search ***,SE schemes that have been proposed to date use fully trusted trapdoor generation centers,and several methods assume a secure connection between the data users and a trapdoor generation *** is,they assume the trapdoor generation center is the only entity that can learn the information regarding queried keywords,but it will never attempt to use it in any other manner than that requested,which is impractical in real *** this study,to enhance the security,we propose a new 3-multi ranked SE scheme that satisfies all conditions without these security *** proposed scheme uses randomized keywords to protect the interested keywords of users from both outside adversaries and the honest-but-curious trapdoor generation center,thereby preventing attackers from determining whether two different queries include the same ***,we develop a method for managing multiple encrypted keywords from every data owner,each encrypted with a different *** evaluation demonstrates that,despite the trade-off overhead that results from the weaker security assumption,the proposed scheme achieves reasonable performance compared to extant schemes,which implies that our scheme is practical and closest to real life.

关键词： Searchable encryption Multi-keyword search Multiple data owners/users Ranked search Enhanced security

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A decision model for decentralized autonomous organization platform selection: Three industry case studies

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2023年第2期4卷 82-100页

作者： E.Baninemeh S.Farshidi S.Jansen Department of Information and Computer Science Utrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands Department of Software Engineering Lappeenranta University of TechnologyLappeenrantaFinland

Context:Decentralized autonomous organizations are a new form of smart contract-based *** autonomous organization platforms,which support the creation of such organizations,are becoming increasingly popular,such as Aragon and *** the best fitting platform is challenging for organizations,as a significant number of decision criteria,such as popularity,developer availability,governance issues and consistent documentation of such platforms,should be ***,decision-makers at the organizations are not experts in every domain,so they must continuously acquire volatile knowledge regarding such ***:Supporting decision-makers in selecting the right decentralized autonomous organization platforms by designing an effective decision model is the main objective of this *** aim to provide more insight into their selection process and reduce time and effort significantly by designing a decision ***:This study presents a decision model for the decentralized autonomous organization platform selection *** decision model captures knowledge regarding such platforms and concepts *** model is based on an existing theoretical framework that assists software engineers with a set of multi-criteria decision-making problems in software ***:We conducted three industry case studies in the context of three decentralized autonomous organizations to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the decision model in assisting *** case study participants declared that the decision model provides significantly more insight into their selection process and reduces time and ***:We observe in the empirical evidence from the case studies that decision-makers can make more rational,efficient,and effective decisions with the decision ***,the reusable form of the captured knowledge regarding decentralized autonomous organization platforms can be

关键词： Decentralized autonomous organization Decision model Multi-criteria decision making Decision support system Decentralized autonomous organization platform Case study research

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rafPS:A shapley-based visual analytics approach to interpret traffic

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第6期10卷 1101-1119页

作者： Zezheng Feng Yifan Jiang Hongjun Wang Zipei Fan Yuxin Ma Shuang-Hua Yang Huamin Qu Xuan Song Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 18055China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Computer Science University of ReadingBerkshire RG66AHUK Center for Spatial Information Science the University of TokyoTokyo 113-00331Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Safety and Security for Next Generation of Industrial Internet Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Recent achievements in deep learning(DL)have demonstrated its potential in predicting traffic *** predictions are beneficial for understanding the situation and making traffic control ***,most state-of-the-art DL models are consi-dered“black boxes”with little to no transparency of the underlying mechanisms for end *** previous studies attempted to“open the black box”and increase the interpretability of generated ***,handling complex models on large-scale spatiotemporal data and discovering salient spatial and temporal patterns that significantly influence traffic flow remain *** overcome these challenges,we present TrafPS,a visual analytics approach for interpreting traffic prediction outcomes to support decision-making in traffic management and urban *** measurements region SHAP and trajectory SHAP are proposed to quantify the impact of flow patterns on urban traffic at different *** on the task requirements from domain experts,we employed an interactive visual interface for the multi-aspect exploration and analysis of significant flow *** real-world case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of TrafPS in identifying key routes and providing decision-making support for urban planning.

关键词： data visualization model interpretation urban planning urban visual analytics

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