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15th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications, IISA 2024

作者： Nikhila Kanigiri, Sai Mekuriyaw, Chachi Goodman, Garrett Alexiou, Michail S. Kennesaw State University Department of Computer Science MariettaGA United States Miami University Computer Science and Software Engineering OxfordOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368833

In the era of data-driven decision-making, the ability to rapidly and accurately analyze vast amounts of textual data is essential. This paper examines the role of text pre-processing techniques in enhancing the effectiveness of sentiment classification algorithms. Such algorithms are pivotal in interpreting the emotional tone of texts and serving as a preliminary step towards reverse-engineering complex data systems. Through comprehensive analysis, we assess the impact of various preprocessing strategies such as keyword removal, lemmatization, and stemming and their combination on the performance of both traditional and advanced machine learning models, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). The current study evaluates the balance between efficiency and accuracy in sentiment analysis algorithms, illustrating the impact of preprocessing techniques. In addition, it aims to serve as a guideline for selecting preprocessing methods that optimize model performance in both sentiment analysis and textual data reverse-engineering. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Advancing Sentiment Analysis for Low-Resource Languages Using Fine-Tuned LLMs: A Case Study of Customer Reviews in Turkish Language

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 77382-77394页

作者： Kiziltepe, Rukiye Savran Ezin, Ercan Yentür, Ömer Basbrain, Arwa M. Karakus, Murat Ankara University Department of Software Engineering Ankara06100 Turkey Harran University Department of Computer Engineering Şanlıurfa63200 Turkey Software Solutions-Data Security and Data Management Kron Technology İstanbul34467 Turkey King Abdulaziz University Department of Computer Science Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the application of advanced fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) for Turkish Sentiment Analysis (SA), focusing on e-commerce product reviews. Our research utilizes four open-source Turkish SA datasets: Turkish Sentiment Analysis version 1 (TRSAv1), Vitamins and Supplements Customer Review (VSCR), Turkish Sentiment Analysis Dataset (TSAD), and TR Customer Review (TRCR). While these datasets were initially labeled based on star ratings, we implemented a comprehensive relabeling process using state-of-the-art LLMs to enhance data quality. To ensure reliable annotations, we first conducted a comparative analysis of different LLMs using the Cohen’s Kappa agreement metric, which led to the selection of ChatGPT-4o-mini as the best-performing model for dataset annotation. Our methodology then focuses on evaluating the SA capabilities of leading instruction-tuned LLMs through a comparative analysis of zero-shot models and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) fine-tuned LlaMA-3.2-1B-IT and Gemma-2-2B-IT models. Evaluations were conducted on both in-domain and out-domain test sets derived from the original star-ratings-based labels and the newly generated GPT labels. The results demonstrate that our fine-tuned models outperformed leading commercial LLMs by 6% in both in-domain and out-domain evaluations. Notably, models fine-tuned on GPT-generated labels achieved superior performance, with in-domain and out-domain F1-scores reaching 0.912 and 0.9184, respectively. These findings underscore the transformative potential of combining LLM relabeling with LoRA fine-tuning for optimizing SA, demonstrating robust performance across diverse datasets and domains. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Real-Time DAG Task Allocation Strategy for Multiprocessor by Optimistic Parallelism 24

Real-Time DAG Task Allocation Strategy for Multiprocessor by...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 2024

作者： Chen, Yumeng Liu, Songlin Zhou, Jianhong Ling, Xiang University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications China Xihua University School of Computer and Software Engineering China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363760

In modern real-time operating systems, complex task loads are often modeled as directed acyclic graphs (DAG) and executed in parallel on multiprocessor systems. The topological constraints present in DAG tasks prevent the DAG task allocation strategy from fully leveraging the parallel advantage of multiprocessor platforms. We analyze the parallelism of DAG tasks and propose a method to limit the number of processors that can be executed by DAG tasks. This method provides more idle processors and processor time for high parallelism DAG tasks by limiting the number of processors that can be executed by low parallelism DAG tasks. In addition, we develope optimistic parallelism scheduling algorithm (OPSA) based on the remaining utilization with low complexity. The experimental results show that our DAG task allocation strategy fully utilizes processor resources, reduces interference between DAG tasks, and achieves better worst case response time (WCRT) analysis results and shorter actual task's WCRT on real-time multiprocessor system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Directed graphs

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LDE-UNet: A Novel Model for Rapid COVID-19 Diagnosis via CT Image Segmentation

LDE-UNet: A Novel Model for Rapid COVID-19 Diagnosis via CT ...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Wang, QiSong Wu, JiaRou Wang, YingZhuo Qu, HuiLi Nie, Shanling Yang, Hai East China University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer Software Evaluating and Testing Shanghai China The University of Sydney Faculty of Engineering Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on human society. It has highlighted the need for faster diagnostic methods. Research has shown that combining semantic segmentation with traditional medical approaches can significantly accelerate the process. To address this, leveraging COVID-19 CT images, our team designs a revolutionary semantic segmentation model called Level of Detail Enhancement U-Net (LDE-UNet), which shows the lesion area on CT images. By introducing the LDE block, the model has the unique advantage of overcoming the loss of data details during the downsampling process by emphasizing and transmitting details at the same level. Our SOTA model outperforms the second-best model by at least 0.7% in the most critical indicator precision. Compared with other models, LDE-UNet's strong reliability determines its ability to be used in the medical field to accelerate the localization and division of lesion areas on CT images by professional doctors, thus completing patient diagnosis faster. In addition, we also propose a standardized method for processing medical images. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19 Downsample LDE-UNet Semantic segmentation

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Synergistic Integration of Blockchain and software-Defined Networking in the Internet of Energy Systems 6

Synergistic Integration of Blockchain and Software-Defined N...

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6th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications, BCCA 2024

作者： Hayyolalam, Vahideh Zekiye, Abdulrezzak Abuzahra, Hamza Özkasap, Öznur Karakus, Murat Guler, Evrim Uludag, Suleyman Department of Computer Engineering Koç University İstanbul Turkey Department of Software Engineering Ankara University Ankara Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Bartin University Bartin Turkey Department of Computer Science University of Michigan FlintMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351538

Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading, Smart Grids (SG), and electric vehicle energy management are integral components of the Internet of Energy (IoE) field. The integration of software-Defined Networks (SDNs) and Blockchain (BC) technologies into the IoE domain offers potential benefits that have only been studied in the literature in a few works. In this paper, we investigate the state-of-art solutions that leverage both SDNs and blockchain within the realm of the IoE. We categorize these solutions based on the method of integrating SDN and BC into two categories. The first category is the blockchain for SDN, where blockchain enhances the SDN directly. The second category is blockchain and SDN, where both technologies are used to enhance the proposed solutions. We identify three distinct blockchain applications based on their usage: decentralizing the SDN control plane, serving as a decentralized platform, and improving security measures. Similarly, we observe that SDN serves as a performance enhancer, a substitute for traditional networking, and solely as a control and management framework. It is posited that integrating SDNs and blockchain into IoE leads to performance enhancements, improves security, enables decentralized operations, and eliminates single points of failure in the SDN control plane. Additionally, some unaddressed issues, such as energy efficiency, smart contract management, and scalability, are discussed as potential future directions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of Energy

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Sparse is Enough in Fine-tuning Pre-trained Large Language Models 41

Sparse is Enough in Fine-tuning Pre-trained Large Language M...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Song, Weixi Li, Zuchao Zhang, Lefei Zhao, Hai Du, Bo National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan430072 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

With the prevalence of pre-training-fine-tuning paradigm, how to efficiently adapt the pre-trained model to the downstream tasks has been an intriguing issue. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have been proposed for low-cost adaptation. Although PEFT has demonstrated effectiveness and been widely applied, the underlying principles are still unclear. In this paper, we adopt the PAC-Bayesian generalization error bound, viewing pre-training as a shift of prior distribution which leads to a tighter bound for generalization error. We validate this shift from the perspectives of oscillations in the loss landscape and the quasi-sparsity in gradient distribution. Based on this, we propose a gradient-based sparse finetuning algorithm, named Sparse Increment Fine-Tuning (SIFT), and validate its effectiveness on a range of tasks including the GLUE Benchmark and Instruction-tuning. The code is accessible at https://***/song-wx/SIFT. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Benchmarking

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A Novel Blockchain-Based Deepfake Detection Method Using Federated and Deep Learning Models

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Cognitive Computation 2024年第3期16卷 1073-1091页

作者： Heidari, Arash Navimipour, Nima Jafari Dag, Hasan Talebi, Samira Unal, Mehmet Department of Software Engineering Haliç University Istanbul34060 Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Information Technology Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Science University of Texas at San Antonio San AntonioTX United States Department of Computer Engineering Nisantasi University Istanbul Turkey

In recent years, the proliferation of deep learning (DL) techniques has given rise to a significant challenge in the form of deepfake videos, posing a grave threat to the authenticity of media content. With the rapid advancement of DL technology, the creation of convincingly realistic deepfake videos has become increasingly prevalent, raising serious concerns about the potential misuse of such content. Deepfakes have the potential to undermine trust in visual media, with implications for fields as diverse as journalism, entertainment, and security. This study presents an innovative solution by harnessing blockchain-based federated learning (FL) to address this issue, focusing on preserving data source anonymity. The approach combines the strengths of SegCaps and convolutional neural network (CNN) methods for improved image feature extraction, followed by capsule network (CN) training to enhance generalization. A novel data normalization technique is introduced to tackle data heterogeneity stemming from diverse global data sources. Moreover, transfer learning (TL) and preprocessing methods are deployed to elevate DL performance. These efforts culminate in collaborative global model training zfacilitated by blockchain and FL while maintaining the utmost confidentiality of data sources. The effectiveness of our methodology is rigorously tested and validated through extensive experiments. These experiments reveal a substantial improvement in accuracy, with an impressive average increase of 6.6% compared to six benchmark models. Furthermore, our approach demonstrates a 5.1% enhancement in the area under the curve (AUC) metric, underscoring its ability to outperform existing detection methods. These results substantiate the effectiveness of our proposed solution in countering the proliferation of deepfake content. In conclusion, our innovative approach represents a promising avenue for advancing deepfake detection. By leveraging existing data resources and the power of FL

关键词： Blockchain

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LibMTL: A Python Library for Deep Multi-Task Learning

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Journal of Machine Learning Research 2023年第1期24卷 1-7页

作者： Lin, Baijiong Zhang, Yu The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Peng Cheng Laboratory China

This paper presents LibMTL, an open-source Python library built on PyTorch, which provides a unified, comprehensive, reproducible, and extensible implementation framework for Multi-Task Learning (MTL). LibMTL considers different settings and approaches in MTL, and it supports a large number of state-of-the-art MTL methods, including 13 optimization strategies and 8 architectures. Moreover, the modular design in LibMTL makes it easy to use and well extensible, thus users can easily and fast develop new MTL methods, compare with existing MTL methods fairly, or apply MTL algorithms to real-world applications with the support of LibMTL. The source code and detailed documentations of LibMTL are available at https://***/median-research-group/LibMTL and https://***, respectively. ©2023 Baijiong Lin and Yu Zhang.

关键词： Python

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Knowledge Graph Driven Inference Testing for Question Answering software 24

Knowledge Graph Driven Inference Testing for Question Answer...

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44th ACM/IEEE International Conference on software engineering, ICSE 2024

作者： Wang, Jun Li, Yanhui Chen, Zhifei Chen, Lin Zhang, Xiaofang Zhou, Yuming Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400702174

In the wake of developments in the field of Natural Language Processing, Question Answering (QA) software has penetrated our daily lives. Due to the data-driven programming paradigm, QA software inevitably contains bugs, i.e., misbehaving in real-world applications. Current testing techniques for testing QA software include two folds, reference-based testing and metamorphic testing. This paper adopts a different angle to achieve testing for QA software: we notice that answers to questions would have inference relations, i.e., the answers to some questions could be logically inferred from the answers to other questions. If these answers on QA software do not satisfy the inference relations, an inference bug is detected. To generate the questions with the inference relations automatically, we propose a novel testing method Knowledge Graph driven Inference Testing (KGIT), which employs facts in the Knowledge Graph (KG) as the seeds to logically construct test cases containing questions and contexts with inference relations. To evaluate the effectiveness of KGIT, we conduct an extensive empirical study with more than 2.8 million test cases generated from the large-scale KG YAGO4 and three QA models based on the state-of-the-art QA model structure. The experimental results show that our method (a) could detect a considerable number of inference bugs in all three studied QA models and (b) is helpful in retraining QA models to improve their inference ability. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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An Efficient Dialogue Policy Agent with Model-Based Causal Reinforcement Learning 31

An Efficient Dialogue Policy Agent with Model-Based Causal R...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Xu, Kai Wang, Zhenyu Zhao, Yangyang Fang, Bopeng School of Software Engineering South China University of Technology Guangdong China Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Dialogue policy trains an agent to select dialogue actions frequently implemented via deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The model-based reinforcement methods built a world model to generate simulated data to alleviate the sample inefficiency. However, traditional world model methods merely consider one-step dialogues, leading to an inaccurate environmental simulation. Furthermore, different users may have different intention preferences, while most existing studies lack consideration of the intention-preferences causal relationship. This paper proposes a novel framework for dialogue policy learning named MCA, implemented through model-based reinforcement learning with automatically constructed causal chains. The MCA model utilizes an autoregressive Transformer to model dialogue trajectories, enabling a more accurate simulation of the environment. Additionally, it constructs a causal chains module that outputs latent preference distributions for intention-action pairs, thereby elucidating the relationship between user intentions and agent actions. The experimental results show that MCA can achieve state-of-the-art performances on three dialogue datasets over the compared dialogue agents, highlighting its effectiveness and robustness. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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