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Staging of Different Tumor by Utilizing Laser Guidance (@405 nm) in CT Scan Images Along with Statistical Analysis

Lasers in engineering 2025年第4-6期59卷 309-325页

作者： Amjad, M. Ullah, H. Siddique, M.A. Majid, M.A. Aleem, A. Akhtar, M. Gilanie, G. Abdullah-Al-Wadud, M. Farhan, M. Akram, A. Batool, Z. Nazir, A. Biophotonics Imaging Techniques Laboratory Institute of Physics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan Dept. of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China

Early detection of lung cancer, liver cancer (HCC), and pancreatitis is crucial for effective treatment. This study assessed the use of laser guidance CT scans for diagnosis and staging. 26 patients of CT scan which were collected from BVH and civil hospital Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Visible light with a 405 nm wavelength is used. Results showed staging of lung cancer (2 at stage 1, 2 at stage 2, 3 at stage 4) and HCC (stages 1 to 4a). Pancreatic diseases detected included acute pancreatitis (44%), chronic pancreatitis (22%), gallstones (22%), and pancreatic tumors (11%). Alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, and blood urea levels were notably elevated in all three cancers compared to controls. CT scans show promise in identifying cancer stages and diagnosing pancreatitis, aiding in tailored treatment. Statistical analysis shows that alkaline phosphatase emerges as a potential biomarker for these conditions. ©2025 Old City Publishing, Inc.

关键词： Image analysis

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ChemDFM-X: towards large multimodal model for chemistry

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 99-100页

作者： Zihan ZHAO Bo CHEN Jingpiao LI Lu CHEN Liyang WEN Pengyu WANG Zichen ZHU Danyang ZHANG Yansi LI Zhongyang DAI Xin CHEN Kai YU X-LANCE Lab Department of Computer Science and EngineeringMoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence AI Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Suzhou Laboratory

Chemistry, as a naturally multimodal discipline, plays a crucial role in various vital fields such as pharmaceutical research and material manufacturing. Therefore, research on artificial intelligence(AI) for chemistry has garnered increasing attention. Despite the rapid development, most of the chemical AI models today mainly focus on single tasks with unimodal input [1].

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MCANet: Multimodal Caption Aware Training-Free Video Anomaly Detection via Large Language Model 27th

MCANet: Multimodal Caption Aware Training-Free Video Anomaly...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Dev, Prabhu Prasad Hazari, Raju Das, Pranesh Machine Learning Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781247

Towards Video Anomaly Detection (VAD), existing methods require labor-intensive data collection and model retraining, making them costly and domain-specific. The proposed method, termed as Multi-modal Caption Aware Network (MCANet), introduces a novel paradigm that identifies anomalies in video sequences without requiring prior domain knowledge. This training-free VAD approach dynamically generates and analyzes textual descriptions of video frames by utilizing off-the-shelf vision-language model (VLM), audio-language model (ALM) and large language model (LLM). MCANet has four primary modules. The first module utilizes image-text similarities to clean noisy captions generated by the image captioning model, while the second module applies audio-text similarities to refine noisy captions produced by the audio captioning model. The third module employs a LLM to consolidate scene dynamics over time. Finally, the fourth module enhances the results by aggregating scores from semantically similar frames based on video-text similarity. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments are conducted on two large-scale benchmark datasets (UCF-Crime and XD-Violence). Experimental results demonstrate that MCANet surpasses existing unsupervised and one-class approaches without requiring any training or data collection. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Semantics

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No-Reference Image Quality Assessment via Multibranch Convolutional Neural Networks

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第1期4卷 148-160页

作者： Pan, Zhaoqing Yuan, Feng Wang, Xu Xu, Long Shao, Xiao Kwong, Sam the School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China the College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China the Key Laboratory of Solar Activity National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100012 China the School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China the Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

No-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) aims to evaluate image quality without using the original reference images. Since the early NR-IQA methods based on distortion types were only applicable to specific distortion scenarios, and lack of practicality, it is challenging to designing a universal NR-IQA method. In this article, a multibranch convolutional neural network (MB-CNN) based NR-IQA method is proposed, which includes a spatial-domain feature extractor, a gradient-domain feature extractor, and a weight mechanism. The spatial-domain feature extractor aims to extract the distortion features from the spatial domain. The gradient-domain feature extractor is used to guide the spatial-domain feature extractor to pay more attention to the distortions of the structure information. Particularly, the spatial-domain feature extractor uses the hierarchical feature merge module to realize multiscale feature representation, and the gradient-domain feature extractor uses pyramidal convolution to extract the multiscale structure information of the distorted image. In addition, a position vector is proposed to build the weight mechanism by considering the position relationships between patches and its entire image for improving the final prediction performance. We conduct the experiments on five representative databases: LIVE, TID2013, CSIQ, LIVE MD and Waterloo Exploration Database, and the experimental results show that the proposed NR-IQA method achieves the state-of-the-art performance, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed NR-IQA method. The code ofthe proposed MB-CNN will be released at https://***/NUIST-Videocoding/MB-CNN. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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PredRacer: Predictively Detecting Data Races in Android Applications 31

PredRacer: Predictively Detecting Data Races in Android Appl...

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31st IEEE International Conference on software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering, SANER 2024

作者： Guo, Xin Qi, Xiaofang Li, Yanhui Wu, Chao School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330663

Android platform offers a hybrid concurrency model encompassing multi-threading and asynchronous messaging for concurrent programming. The model is powerful but complex, making it difficult for developers to analyze concurrent behaviors. Data race, a prevalent concurrency defect in real-world Android applications, often results in abnormal executions of mobile applications, even crashes. Despite quite a few studies on detecting data races, it still suffers from high false positives with static analysis techniques and high false negatives with dynamic analysis techniques. To address this issue, this paper presents a predictive approach, PredRacer, for detecting data races in Android applications. It first captures an execution trace of an Android application, and then reorders the events within the trace based on partial orders. Finally, it checks the feasibility of the generated event sequence, which contains a potential data race. PredRacer increases the search scope and reduces false negatives while mitigating false positives by incorporating the happen-before relations specific to the Android concurrency model. The effectiveness of PredRacer is evaluated using the BenchERoid data set. Experimental results demonstrate that PredRacer achieves high precision, recall, and F1 score, outperforming the state-of-the-art techniques. A collection of 20 open-source Android applications is further utilized to assess the effectiveness of PredRacer, and an evaluation of 300 wild apps is conducted to assess its efficiency and scalability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Static analysis

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Generation of hyperspectral point clouds: Mapping, compression and rendering

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computers and Graphics (Pergamon) 2022年 106卷 267-276页

作者： López, Alfonso Jurado, Juan M. Jiménez-Pérez, J. Roberto Feito, Francisco R. Department of Computer Science University of Jaén Spain Department of Software Engineering University of Granada Spain

Hyperspectral data are being increasingly used for the characterization and understanding of real-world scenarios. In this field, UAV-based sensors bring the opportunity to collect multiple samples from different viewpoints. Thus, light-material interactions of real objects may be observed in outdoor scenarios with a significant spatial resolution (5 cm/pixel). Nevertheless, the generation of hyperspectral 3D data still poses challenges in post-processing due to the high geometric deformation of images. Most of the current solutions use both LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and hyperspectral sensors, which are integrated into the same acquisition system. However, these present several limitations due to errors derived from inertial measurements for data fusion and the spatial resolution according to the LiDAR capabilities. In this work, a method is proposed for the generation of hyperspectral point clouds. Input data are formed by push-broom hyperspectral images and 3D point clouds. On the one hand, the point clouds may be obtained by applying a typical photogrammetric workflow or LiDAR technology. Then, hyperspectral images are geometrically corrected and aligned with the RGB orthomosaic. Accordingly, hyperspectral data are ready to be mapped on the 3D point cloud. This procedure is implemented on the GPU by testing which points are visible for each pixel of the hyperspectral imagery. This work also provides a novel solution to generate, compress and render 3D hyperspectral point clouds, enabling the study of geometry and the hyperspectral response of natural and artificial materials in the real world. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Data fusion

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A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao Sun Fan Xia Xiaolong Xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

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Design of an Efficient and Provable Secure Key Exchange Protocol for HTTP Cookies

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 263-280页

作者： Waseem Akram Khalid Mahmood Hafiz Burhan ul Haq Muhammad Asif Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry Taeshik Shon Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002TaiwanChina Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002TaiwanChina Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54920Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology College of EngineeringAbu Dhabi UniversityAbu Dhabi69911United Arab Emirates Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureNisantasi UniversityIstanbul34398Turkey Department of Cybersecurity Ajou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea

Cookies are considered a fundamental means of web application services for authenticating various Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP)requests andmaintains the states of clients’information over the *** cookies are exploited to carry client patterns observed by a *** client patterns facilitate the particular client’s future visit to the corresponding ***,security and privacy are the primary concerns owing to the value of information over public channels and the storage of client information on the *** protocols have been introduced that maintain HTTP cookies,but many of those fail to achieve the required security,or require a lot of resource *** this article,we have introduced a lightweight Elliptic Curve Cryptographic(ECC)based protocol for authenticating client and server transactions to maintain the privacy and security of HTTP *** proposed protocol uses a secret key embedded within a *** proposed protocol ismore efficient and lightweight than related protocols because of its reduced computation,storage,and communication ***,the analysis presented in this paper confirms that proposed protocol resists various known attacks.

关键词： Cookies authentication protocol impersonation attack ECC

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Automatic Anomaly Monitoring in Public Surveillance Areas

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 2655-2671页

作者： Mohammed Alarfaj Mahwish Pervaiz Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Tamara al Shloul Suliman A.Alsuhibany Ahmad Jalal Jeongmin Park Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE Department of Humanities and Social Science Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic University237 Sangidaehak-ro Siheung-siGyeonggi-do15073Korea

With the dramatic increase in video surveillance applications and public safety measures,the need for an accurate and effective system for abnormal/sus-picious activity classiﬁcation also *** it has multiple applications,the problem is very *** this paper,a novel approach for detecting nor-mal/abnormal activity has been *** used the Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM)and Kalmanﬁlter to detect and track the objects,*** that,we performed shadow removal to segment an object and its *** object segmentation we performed occlusion detection method to detect occlusion between multiple human silhouettes and we implemented a novel method for region shrinking to isolate occluded *** c-mean is utilized to verify human silhouettes and motion based features including velocity and opticalﬂow are extracted for each identiﬁed *** Wolf Optimizer(GWO)is used to optimize feature set followed by abnormal event classiﬁcation that is performed using the XG-Boost classiﬁ*** system is applicable in any surveillance appli-cation used for event detection or anomaly *** of proposed system is evaluated using University of Minnesota(UMN)dataset and UBI(Uni-versity of Beira Interior)-Fight dataset,each having different type of *** mean accuracy for the UMN and UBI-Fight datasets is 90.14%and 76.9%*** results are more accurate as compared to other existing methods.

关键词： Abnormal event classiﬁcation gray wolf optimizer region shrinking xg-boost classiﬁer

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Sparse is Enough in Fine-tuning Pre-trained Large Language Models 41

Sparse is Enough in Fine-tuning Pre-trained Large Language M...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Song, Weixi Li, Zuchao Zhang, Lefei Zhao, Hai Du, Bo National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan430072 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

With the prevalence of pre-training-fine-tuning paradigm, how to efficiently adapt the pre-trained model to the downstream tasks has been an intriguing issue. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have been proposed for low-cost adaptation. Although PEFT has demonstrated effectiveness and been widely applied, the underlying principles are still unclear. In this paper, we adopt the PAC-Bayesian generalization error bound, viewing pre-training as a shift of prior distribution which leads to a tighter bound for generalization error. We validate this shift from the perspectives of oscillations in the loss landscape and the quasi-sparsity in gradient distribution. Based on this, we propose a gradient-based sparse finetuning algorithm, named Sparse Increment Fine-Tuning (SIFT), and validate its effectiveness on a range of tasks including the GLUE Benchmark and Instruction-tuning. The code is accessible at https://***/song-wx/SIFT. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Benchmarking

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