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Unsupervised feature selection via multiple graph fusion and feature weight learning

science China(information sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 56-72页

作者： Chang TANG Xiao ZHENG Wei ZHANG Xinwang LIU Xinzhong ZHU En ZHU School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer National University of Defense Technology National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) College of Mathematics Physics and Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University

Unsupervised feature selection attempts to select a small number of discriminative features from original high-dimensional data and preserve the intrinsic data structure without using data labels. As an unsupervised learning task, most previous methods often use a coefficient matrix for feature reconstruction or feature projection, and a certain similarity graph is widely utilized to regularize the intrinsic structure preservation of original data in a new feature space. However, a similarity graph with poor quality could inevitably afect the final results. In addition, designing a rational and efective feature reconstruction/projection model is not easy. In this paper, we introduce a novel and efective unsupervised feature selection method via multiple graph fusion and feature weight learning（MGF2WL） to address these issues. Instead of learning the feature coefficient matrix, we directly learn the weights of diferent feature dimensions by introducing a feature weight matrix, and the weighted features are projected into the label space. Aiming to exploit sufficient relation of data samples, we develop a graph fusion term to fuse multiple predefined similarity graphs for learning a unified similarity graph, which is then deployed to regularize the local data structure of original data in a projected label space. Finally, we design a block coordinate descent algorithm with a convergence guarantee to solve the resulting optimization problem. Extensive experiments with sufficient analyses on various datasets are conducted to validate the efficacy of our proposed MGF2WL.

关键词： unsupervised feature selection graph fusion feature weight learning local structure preservation

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Performance Analysis of Tesseract and EasyOCR for Bangla Optical Character Recognition on the Novel Bangla CrossHair Dataset 3

Performance Analysis of Tesseract and EasyOCR for Bangla Opt...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Advanced Computing, and Communication, ISACC 2025

作者： Chowdhury, Abdulla Nasir Sami, Aftar Ahmad Mamun, Shah Masud Parvej Absar, Shakib Rahman, Fuad Kohinoor, Saidur Rahman Leading University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Sylhet Bangladesh Leading University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sylhet Bangladesh Taylor's University Department of Software Engineering Kualalampur Malaysia King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Department of Information and Computer Science Dhahran Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523893

This paper presents a comparative study of key metrics for OCR engines in Bangla language processing. PyTesseract (a Python wrapper for Tesseract OCR) and EasyOCR were benchmarked on a novel dataset, "Bangla-CrossHair,"created for testing OCR engines. This dataset combines samples from "Bangla Text Detection and Recognition,""Bangla Handwritten Characters,"and "Bangla Handwritten Words"datasets and includes diverse image types, such as blurred, clear, torn, and tilted. Results show EasyOCR outperforms PyTesseract in several scenarios, while PyTesseract consistently demonstrated faster processing. Since many OCR engines provide pre-trained capabilities, traditional metrics like training and validation accuracy are challenging to measure for some models, including PyTesseract. Instead, Character Level Accuracy, Word Level Accuracy, Levenshtein Distance, Character Error Rate, Word Error Rate, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and Inference time were measured for an unbiased evaluation. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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Yolo Based License Plate Detection of Triple Riders and Violators

Yolo Based License Plate Detection of Triple Riders and Viol...

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2023 International Conference on computer Communication and Informatics, ICCCI 2023

作者： Nandhakumar, R.G. Devi, K. Nirmala Krishnamoorthy, N. Shanthi, S. Pranesh, V.R. Nikhalyaa, S. Kongu Enginering College Perundurai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamilnadu Erode India Vellore Institutte of Technology School of Information and Engineering Department of Software Systems and Engineering Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348217

Road safety is of prime importance as road accidents are among the biggest causes of deaths in the country. Road Accidents are majorly due to violators and lawbreakers of road safety rules like not wearing helmets, triple riding etc. Even though there are many smart systems to monitor these violations, it is complicated to keep a track of the data and view it efficiently anywhere. Also monitoring the permit details of other state vehicles is hard. A method was proposed to address this issue. based on Deep learning and Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Here we detect the riders not wearing helmet and triple riders using object detection by comparing YOLOv2 and YOLOv3. This simplifies the task of traffic police who can't continuously and efficiently monitor all the violators. We gathered our data from three different sources. Kaggle was used to collect the data set. A number of items can be recognized by the real-time object recognition system YOLO in a single frame. It recognizes object more precisely and faster than other recognition systems. It can predict up to 9000 classes and even unseen classes. It divides the image into m∗m matrix and each grid detects objects within itself. The trained model is tested using a test dataset set after training in order to measure the performance. For Number plate detection we use OCR based character recognition. The recognized license plate images of violators are captured and stored in a database which is then sent to the concerned department. The stored data can be easily accessed using the developed mobile app. Metrics considered for evaluation is Accuracy. The average is utilized to assess object detection models like R-CNN and YOLO. The average calculates a score by comparing the detected box to the ground-truth bounding box. The better the score, the more precise the model's detections are. When compared to YOLOv2, YOLOv3 exhibits strong performance in terms of accuracy with 95.5%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Fixed-point quantum continuous search algorithm with optimal query complexity

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第6期68卷 80-91页

作者： Shan Jin Yuhan Huang Shaojun Wu Guanyu Zhou Chang-Ling Zou Luyan Sun Xiaoting Wang Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610051China Key Laboratory of Quantum Information CASUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230022China Center for Quantum Information Institute for Interdisciplinary Information SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Continuous search problems(CSPs),which involve finding solutions within a continuous domain,frequently arise in fields such as optimization,physics,and *** discrete search problems,CSPs require navigating an uncountably infinite space,presenting unique computational *** this work,we propose a fixed-point quantum search algorithm that leverages continuous variables to address these challenges,achieving a quadratic *** by the discrete search results,we manage to establish a lower bound on the query complexity of arbitrary quantum search for CSPs,demonstrating the optimality of our *** addition,we demonstrate how to design the internal structure of the quantum search oracle for specific ***,we develop a general framework to apply this algorithm to a range of problem types,including optimization and eigenvalue problems involving continuous variables.

关键词： quantum search quantum algorithm quantum computation optimization spectral problems

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Secure Energy Efficiency for ARIS Networks With Deep Learning: Active Beamforming and Position Optimization

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年第6期24卷 5282-5296页

作者： Wang, Dawei Wang, Zijun Zhao, Hongbo Zhou, Fuhui Alfarraj, Osama Yang, Weichao Mumtaz, Shahid Leung, Victor C. M. Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Electronics and Information Shaanxi Xi’an710072 China Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing210000 China King Saud University Community College Computer Science Department Riyadh11437 Saudi Arabia Nottingham Trent University Department of Computer Science NottinghamNG1 4FQ United Kingdom Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen518172 China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen528060 China The University of British Columbia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

Incorporating an active reconfigurable intelligent surface on an autonomous aerial vehicles (AAVs), denoted as an aerial reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS), introduces a novel dimension for secure transmissions. Given the constraint of limited battery capacity in AAVs, energy management emerges as a key challenge within AAV networks. In response, we propose a secure energy efficiency (SEE) transmission scheme for ARIS networks, where active ARIS is strategically deployed to enhance information security. In addition, a SEE optimal problem is formulated by considering the imperfect wiretap channel state information to optimize the active beamforming vector and the ARIS position. For this non-convex problem, we first reformulate the fractional SEE objective into an equivalent form and subsequently decompose it into two distinct subproblems: optimizing the AAV’s position and designing the active beamforming. For the AAV’s position optimization, we propose a sophisticated deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm that enables the AAV to autonomously determine the optimal ARIS position through a self-learning strategy. Regarding beamforming design, we transform this aspect into a quadratic constrained quadratic programming problem and design an alternating direction multiplier method to optimize the reflection coefficient. Subsequently, an alternating optimization algorithm is proposed to synergistically solve these subproblems. Empirical simulations validate our proposed scheme, indicating an improvement in SEE of up to 47.2%. This significant improvement underscores the efficacy of the proposed ARIS-assisted secure transmission scheme in enhancing both security and energy efficiency in AAV networks. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Artificial intelligence based machine learning algorithm for prediction of cancer in female anatomy

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第16期84卷 15735-15761页

作者： Ghantasala, G S Pradeep Hung, Bui Thanh Chakrabarti, Prasun R, Sathiyaraj Pellakuri, Vidyullatha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alliance College of Engineering and Design Alliance University Karnataka Bangalore India Data Science Laboratory Faculty of Information Technology Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh city Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Deputy Provost ITM SLS Baroda University Gujarat Vadodara India Department of CSE GITAM School of Technology GITAM University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram Guntur India

Breast and cervical cancers account for more than 85 percent of all cancer-related fatalities in developing nations, according to the World Cancer Research Fund. As a result, breast and cervical cancer have become one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide. This field is still in its infancy, with only a few studies in gynaecology and computer science looking into the detection of breast and cervical cancer. According to the researchers, medical records and early testing from individuals with breast and cervical cancer will be used in this study to determine the prognosis of those suffering from the diseases. To assess our cervical cancer predictions, we employed machine learning models such as Optimized Hybrid Ensemble Classifier (OHEC), which were trained on patient behavior and variables revealed to be associated with patient behavior. The datasets in this study have a substantial number of missing values, and the distribution of those values has been altered as a function of the missing values. OHEC classifier performance has been shown to improve when the number of features is reduced and the problem of high-class imbalance is resolved, because the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the classifier, as well as the number of false positives, were used to demonstrate the success of feature selection in the suggested model's predictive analysis. This has been demonstrated through the use of numerous tests involving categorization challenges. The study underscores the critical significance of early detection and prognosis in combating breast and cervical cancers, which remain leading causes of mortality worldwide. Through the utilization of machine learning models like the OHEC, the authors have demonstrated the potential for improved predictive accuracy and clinical outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of addressing challenges such as missing data and class imbalance in enhancing the performance of predictive models for effective

关键词： Diseases

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Mobile Edge Computing for Multi-Services Digital Twin-Enabled IoT Heterogeneous Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2024年第3期11卷 1845-1853页

作者： Liu, Weiqi Hossain, Mohammad Arif Ansari, Nirwan Auburn University at Montgomery Department of Computer Science and Computer Information Systems MontgomeryAL36117 United States Middle Tennessee State University Department of Engineering Technology MurfreesboroTN37132 United States New Jersey Institute of Technology Advanced Networking Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering NewarkNJ07102 United States

A scheme for edge computing-enabled offloading in a digital twin (DT) enabled heterogeneous network (HetNet) of multi-services IoT devices (IDs) is proposed. This scheme optimizes the association and handover of IDs, offloading ratio, and resource allocation considering the number of IDs, deadline requirements, and resource capacities. The objective is to enhance future generation networks by considering the ID movement, diverse ID requests, and network heterogeneity. We formulate the problem as Joint ID assOciatIon, offloadiNg ratio, Wireless bandwidth and computIng reSource allocation, and digital twin placEment (JOINWISE), aiming to minimize the task completion time of all IDs while considering ID movement. Since JOINWISE is a mixed-integer nonlinear problem, we decompose it into two sub-problems: the ID Association (IDA) problem and the offloading Ratio, DT plAcement, bandwiDth and computIng resource allOcation (RADIO) problem. IDA can be solved by mapping it to a multi-dimensional multiple knapsacks problem. Due to the non-convexity, high dimension of decision variables, and dynamic HetNet environment of RADIO, we propose a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) based reinforcement learning method to iteratively solve the two sub-problems. Simulation results have confirmed the effectiveness of our proposed scheme in tackling the JOINWISE problem. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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Collaborative Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Based Resource Allocation in Clustered IoV Networks 10

Collaborative Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Based Resource All...

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10th IEEE Smart World Congress, SWC 2024

作者： Raza, Arif Xiang, Junfan Khan, Salabat Shrivastava, Shivanshu Ashraf, M. Wasim Abbas Wang, Lu Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China Shenzhen University College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen China Qilu Institute of Technology College of Computer and Information Engineering Jinan China Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Amethi India Hanjiang Normal University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Shiyan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520861

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) necessitates efficient resource management to meet the growing demands for high data rates, low latency, and real-time communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This paper presents a novel multiagent reinforcement learning framework based on the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm for optimizing resource allocation in clusters of cells within IoV networks. The framework dynamically allocates transmission power and bandwidth across base stations, each acting as a collaborative agent. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the multi-agent PPO approach outperforms other reinforcement learning algorithms, including Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) and Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C), regarding throughput, power efficiency, dynamic bandwidth allocation, and overall network performance. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Region-adaptive Concept Aggregation for Few-shot Visual Recognition

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第4期20卷 554-568页

作者： Mengya Han Yibing Zhan Baosheng Yu Yong Luo Han Hu Bo Du Yonggang Wen Dacheng Tao School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia SoftwareWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan430072China School of Computer Science The University of SydneySydney2006Australia JD Explore Academy Beijing101116China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore

Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to learn novel concepts from very limited examples. However, most FSL methods suffer from the issue of lacking robustness in concept learning. Specifically, existing FSL methods usually ignore the diversity of region contents that may contain concept-irrelevant information such as the background, which would introduce bias/noise and degrade the performance of conceptual representation learning. To address the above-mentioned issue, we propose a novel metric-based FSL method termed region-adaptive concept aggregation network or RCA-Net. Specifically, we devise a region-adaptive concept aggregator (RCA) to model the relationships of different regions and capture the conceptual information in different regions, which are then integrated in a weighted average manner to obtain the conceptual representation. Consequently, robust concept learning can be achieved by focusing more on the concept-relevant information and less on the conceptual-irrelevant information. We perform extensive experiments on three popular visual recognition benchmarks to demonstrate the superiority of RCA-Net for robust few-shot learning. In particular, on the Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 (CUB200) dataset, the proposed RCA-Net significantly improves 1-shot accuracy from 74.76% to 78.03% and 5-shot accuracy from 86.84% to 89.83% compared with the most competitive counterpart.

关键词： Few-shot learning metric-based meta learning concept learning region-adaptive concept-aggregation

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Optimization of Interactive Videos Empowered the Experience of Learning Management System

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第7期46卷 1021-1038页

作者： Muhammad Akram Muhammad Waseem Iqbal M.Usman Ashraf Erssa Arif Khalid Alsubhi Hani Moaiteq Aljahdali Department of Computer Science Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC Women University SialkotPakistan Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

The Learning management system(LMS)is now being used for uploading educational content in both distance and blended *** platform has two types of users:the educators who upload the content,and the students who have to access the *** students,usually rely on text notes or books and video tutorials while their exams are conducted with formal *** assessments and examination criteria are ineffective with restricted learning space which makes the student tend only to read the educational contents and videos instead of interactive *** aim is to design an interactive LMS and examination video-based interface to cater the issues of educators and *** is designed according to Human-computer interaction(HCI)principles to make the interactive User interface(UI)through User experience(UX).The interactive lectures in the form of annotated videos increase user engagement and improve the self-study context of users involved in *** interface design defines how the design will interact with users and how the interface exchanges *** findings show that interactive videos for LMS allow the users to have a more personalized learning experience by engaging in the educational *** result shows a highly personalized learning experience due to the interactive video and quiz within the video.

关键词： User interface user experience learning management system linear nonlinear video interactive video visual design

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