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National science Review 2023年第6期10卷 13-15页

作者： Yinpeng Dong Chang Liu Wenzhao Xiang Hang Su Jun Zhu Department of Computer Science and Technology Institute for AI Tsinghua-Bosch Joint ML Center THBI Lab BNRist Center Tsinghua University Institute of Image Communication and Networks Engineering in the Department of Electronic Engineering (EE) Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS Peng Cheng Laboratory Pazhou Laboratory (Huangpu)

PROBLEM In recent years,the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology,especially machine learning and deep learning, is profoundly changing human production and *** various fields,such as robotics,face recognition,autonomous driving and healthcare,AI is playing an important ***,although AI is promoting the technological revolution and industrial progress,its security risks are often *** studies have found that the wellperforming deep learning models are extremely vulnerable to adversarial examples [1-3].The adversarial examples are crafted by applying small,humanimperceptible perturbations to natural examples,but can mislead deep learning models to make wrong *** vulnerability of deep learning models to adversarial examples can raise security and safety threats to various realworld applications.

关键词： robustness adversarial example adversarial training deep learning

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Unsupervised Rail Surface Defect Detection Method 9

Unsupervised Rail Surface Defect Detection Method

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9th International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and BioMedical sciences, ICIIBMS 2024

作者： Zhao, ChenYu Han, Yi Ouyang, Ningkang Zhao, YiFan School of Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou Software Vocational and Technical College Zhengzhou China Anyang Institute of Technology Engineering Department of Computer Science and Information Anyang China North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363043

Railroad travel has become an essential part of modern life, therefore, rail surface defect detection has become a problem that cannot be ignored. However, most of the currently existing methods often require a large number of defect samples for learning, which are labor-intensive and very difficult to obtain. In order to alleviate the data dependence of the detection model, this paper proposes an unsupervised method. Specifically, we use Transformer's attention mechanism to construct the encoder-decoder structure and train it only on normal samples with the purpose of reconstruction, so that those regions that cannot be reconstructed will be regarded as defects at the time of detection. To prevent the model from generalizing its generalization ability to those unknown defective samples, i.e., to avoid overgeneralization, we introduce a noise perturbation in the training so that the model focuses on the reconstruction of normal features. Experiments show that the proposed unsupervised approach outperforms a host of supervised models with low data requirements and can effectively address the current challenges of track defect detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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A divide-and-conquer reconstruction method for defending against adversarial example attacks

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Visual Intelligence 2024年第1期2卷 360-376页

作者： Xiyao Liu Jiaxin Hu Qingying Yang Ming Jiang Jianbiao He Hui Fang School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security School of Computer Science and Information SecurityGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilinGuangxiChina Department of Computer Science Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK

In recent years,defending against adversarial examples has gained significant importance,leading to a growing body of research in this *** these studies,pre-processing defense approaches have emerged as a prominent research ***,existing adversarial example pre-processing techniques often employ a single pre-processing model to counter different types of adversarial *** a strategy may miss the nuances between different types of attacks,limiting the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the defense *** address this issue,we propose a divide-and-conquer reconstruction pre-processing algorithm via multi-classification and multi-network training to more effectively defend against different types of mainstream adversarial *** premise and challenge of the divide-and-conquer reconstruction defense is to distinguish between multiple types of adversarial *** method designs an adversarial attack classification module that exploits the high-frequency information differences between different types of adversarial examples for their multi-classification,which can hardly be achieved by existing adversarial example detection *** addition,we construct a divide-and-conquer reconstruction module that utilizes different trained image reconstruction models for each type of adversarial attack,ensuring optimal defense *** experiments show that our proposed divide-and-conquer defense algorithm exhibits superior performance compared to state-of-the-art pre-processing methods.

关键词： Adversarial example defense Divide-and-conquer strategy Adversarial attack multi-classification Reconstruction network

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A Survey on Indoor Visible Light Positioning Systems: Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges

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IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials 2025年第3期27卷 1656-1686页

作者： Zhu, Zhiyu Yang, Yang Chen, Mingzhe Guo, Caili Cheng, Julian Cui, Shuguang Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Coral GablesFL33146 United States Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China The University of British Columbia Faculty of Applied Science School of Engineering KelownaBCV1V 1V7 Canada Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Future Network of Intelligence Institute The Chinese University of Hon g Kong School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen518172 China

The growing demand for location-based services in areas like virtual reality, robot control, and navigation has intensified the focus on indoor localization. Visible light positioning (VLP), leveraging visible light communications (VLC), becomes a promising indoor positioning technology due to its high accuracy and low cost. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of VLP systems. In particular, since VLC lays the foundation for VLP, we first present a detailed overview of the principles of VLC. Then, we provide an in-depth overview of VLP algorithms. The performance of each positioning algorithm is also compared in terms of various metrics such as accuracy, coverage, and orientation limitation. Beyond the physical layer studies, the network design for a VLP system is also investigated, including multi-access technologies, resource allocation, and light-emitting diode (LED) placements. Next, the applications of the VLP systems are overviewed. Finally, this paper outlines open issues, challenges, and opportunities for the research field. In a nutshell, this paper constitutes the first holistic survey on VLP from state-of-the-art studies to practical uses. © 1998-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Tjong:A transformer‐based Mahjong AI via hierarchical decision‐making and fan backward

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 982-995页

作者： Xiali Li Bo Liu Zhi Wei Zhaoqi Wang Licheng Wu School of Information and Engineering Minzu University of ChinaBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Ethnic Language Intelligent Analysis and Security Governance of MOE Minzu University of ChinaBeijingChina Department of Computer Science New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew JerseyUSA

Mahjong,a complex game with hidden information and sparse rewards,poses significant *** Mahjong AIs require substantial hardware resources and extensive datasets to enhance AI *** authors propose a transformer‐based Mahjong AI(Tjong)via hierarchical decision‐*** utilising self‐attention mechanisms,Tjong effectively captures tile patterns and game dynamics,and it decouples the decision pro-cess into two distinct stages:action decision and tile *** design reduces de-cision complexity ***,a fan backward technique is proposed to address the sparse rewards by allocating reversed rewards for actions based on winning *** consists of 15M parameters and is trained using approximately 0.5 M data over 7 days of supervised learning on a single server with 2 *** action decision achieved an accuracy of 94.63%,while the claim decision attained 98.55%and the discard decision reached 81.51%.In a tournament format,Tjong outperformed AIs(CNN,MLP,RNN,ResNet,VIT),achieving scores up to 230%higher than its ***-more,after 3 days of reinforcement learning training,it ranked within the top 1%on the leaderboard on the Botzone platform.

关键词： decision making deep learning deep neural networks

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Achieving Efficient and Accurate Segmentation for Autonomous Driving 9

Achieving Efficient and Accurate Segmentation for Autonomous...

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9th International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and BioMedical sciences, ICIIBMS 2024

作者： Ouyang, Ningkang Dong, Jie Han, Yi Zhao, ChenYu North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou China Anyang Institute of Technology Engineering Department of Computer Science and Information Anyang China Zhengzhou Software Vocational and Technical College School of Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363043

Autonomous driving technology, as a mainstream trend in today's technological development, holds significant commercial value. Semantic segmentation, a core technology in this field, faces challenges with current mainstream models due to their complex structures, large numbers of parameters, and the need for high-performance hardware. These issues hinder their application in mobile devices. Therefore, this paper proposes a road scene semantic segmentation algorithm based on dynamic asymmetric convolution and capsule networks, named Asymmetric Capsule Convolutional Networks (ACCN). Specifically, the algorithm uses dynamic asymmetric convolution to construct a baseline network that combines dynamic convolution and capsule dynamic routing algorithms to enhance the model's representational capabilities. Additionally, a dispersed attention module is built to strengthen the dependency between features to achieve more adaptable network weights. Experiments demonstrate that ACCN achieves a good balance between segmentation accuracy and detection speed. On the CamVid and Cityscapes test datasets, the proposed method in this paper achieved an average Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 80.8% at 55.2 fps, showcasing better trade-offs in segmentation accuracy and efficiency. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness of our method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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A Norm Regularization Training Strategy for Robust Image Quality Assessment Models

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International Journal of computer Vision 2025年 1-15页

作者： Liu, Yujia Yang, Chenxi Li, Dingquan Jiang, Tingting Huang, Tiejun School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing Peking University Beijing China National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology Peking University Beijing China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing China Department of Networked Intelligence Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

Image Quality Assessment (IQA) models predict the quality score of input images. They can be categorized into Full-Reference (FR-) and No-Reference (NR-) IQA models based on the availability of reference images. These models are essential for performance evaluation and optimization guidance in the media industry. However, researchers have observed that introducing imperceptible perturbations to input images can notably influence the predicted scores of both FR- and NR-IQA models, resulting in inaccurate assessments of image quality. This phenomenon is known as adversarial attacks. In this paper, we initially define attacks targeted at both FR-IQA and NR-IQA models. Subsequently, we introduce a defense approach applicable to both types of models, aimed at enhancing the stability of predicted scores and boosting the adversarial robustness of IQA models. To be specific, we present theoretical evidence showing that the magnitude of score changes is related to the $$\ell _1$$ norm of the model’s gradient with respect to the input image. Building upon this theoretical foundation, we propose a norm regularization training strategy aimed at reducing the $$\ell _1$$ norm of the gradient, thereby boosting the robustness of IQA models. Experiments conducted on three FR-IQA and four NR-IQA models demonstrate the effectiveness of our strategy in reducing score changes in the presence of adversarial attacks. To the best of our knowledge, this work marks the first attempt to defend against adversarial attacks on both FR- and NR-IQA models. Our study offers valuable insights into the adversarial robustness of IQA models and provides a foundation for future research in this area.

关键词： Damage detection

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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Semantic Communication Systems

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Semantic Communi...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing, ICSPCC 2023

作者： Shi, Jiajia Chan, Tse-Tin Pan, Haoyuan Lok, Tat-Ming The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Information Engineering Hong Kong The Education University of Hong Kong Department of Mathematics and Information Technology Hong Kong College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316728

Semantic communication, which focuses on conveying the meaning of information rather than exact bit reconstruction, has gained considerable attention in recent years. Meanwhile, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology that can achieve high spectral and energy efficiency by dynamically reflecting incident signals through programmable passive components. In this paper, we put forth a semantic communication scheme aided by RIS. Using text transmission as an example, experimental results demonstrate that the RIS-Assisted semantic communication system outperforms the point-To-point semantic communication system in terms of bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) scores in Rayleigh fading channels, especially at low signal-To-noise ratio (SNR) regimes. In addition, the RIS-Assisted semantic communication system exhibits superior robustness against channel estimation errors compared to its point-To-point counterpart. RIS can improve performance as it provides extra line-of-sight (LoS) paths and enhances signal propagation conditions compared to point-To-point systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Fading channels

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A Nature-Inspired AI Framework for Accurate Glaucoma Diagnosis

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 539-567页

作者： Jahanzaib Latif Ahsan Wajahat Alishba Tahir Anas Bilal Mohammed Zakariah Abeer Alnuaim School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Shifa College of Medicine Shifa Tameer-e-millat UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan College of Information Science and Technology Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou571158China Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia

Glaucoma,a leading cause of blindness,demands early detection for effective *** AI-based diagnostic systems are gaining traction,their performance is often limited by challenges such as varying image backgrounds,pixel intensity inconsistencies,and object size *** address these limitations,we introduce an innovative,nature-inspired machine learning framework combining feature excitation-based dense segmentation networks(FEDS-Net)and an enhanced gray wolf optimization-supported support vectormachine(IGWO-SVM).This dual-stage approach begins with FEDS-Net,which utilizes a fuzzy integral(FI)technique to accurately segment the optic cup(OC)and optic disk(OD)from retinal images,even in the presence of uncertainty and *** the second stage,the IGWO-SVM model optimizes the SVM classification process,leveraging a gray wolf-inspired optimization strategy to fine-tune the kernel function for superior *** testing on three benchmark glaucoma image databases DRIONS-DB,Drishti-GS,and Rim-One-r3 demonstrates the efficacy of our method,achieving classification accuracies of 97.65%,94.88%,and 93.2%,*** results surpass existing state-of-the-art techniques,offering a promising solution for reliable and early glaucoma detection.

关键词： Glaucoma fundus images machine learning nature-inspired algorithm segmentation classification

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Aspect Level Songs Rating Based Upon Reviews in English

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2589-2605页

作者： Muhammad Aasim Qureshi Muhammad Asif Saira Anwar Umar Shaukat Atta-ur-Rahman Muhammad Adnan Khan Amir Mosavi Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore54000Pakistan Lahore Institute of Science and Technology Lahore 54792Pakistan Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station77843USA Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)P.O.Box 1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Department of Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics Obuda UniversityBudapest1034Hungary Institute of Information Engineering Automation and MathematicsSlovak University of Technology in BratislavaBratislava81107Slovakia Faculty of Civil Engineering TU-DresdenDresden01062Germany

With the advancements in internet facilities,people are more inclined towards the use of online *** service providers shelve their items for *** users post their feedbacks,reviews,ratings,*** the use of the *** enormous increase in these reviews has raised the need for an automated system to analyze these reviews to rate these *** Analysis(SA)is a technique that performs such decision *** research targets the ranking and rating through sentiment analysis of these reviews,on different *** a case study,Songs are opted to design and test the decision *** aspects of songs namely music,lyrics,song,voice and video are *** the reason,reviews of 20 songs are scraped from YouTube,pre-processed and formed a *** machine learning algorithms—Naïve Bayes(NB),Gradient Boost Tree,Logistic Regression LR,K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)and Artificial Neural Network(ANN)are *** performed the best with 74.99%*** are validated using K-Fold.

关键词： Machine learning natural language processing songs reviews:sentiment analysis songs rating aspect level sentiment analysis reviews analysis text classification music

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