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3RD INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ALGEBRAIC AND LOGIC PROGRAMMING

作者： MIDDELDORP, A HAMOEN, E Department of Software Technology CWI Kruislaan 413 Amsterdam 1098 SJ Netherlands Advanced Research Laboratory Hitachi Ltd Hatoyrama 350-03 Saitama Japan Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Vrije Universiteit De Boelelaan 1081a Amsterdam 1081 HV Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)354055873X

In this paper we analyze completeness results for basic narrowing. We show that basic narrowing is not complete with respect to norrealizable solutions for equational theories defined by confluent term rewriting systems, contrary to what has been conjectured. By imposing syntactic restrictions on the rewrite rules we recover completeness. We refute a result of H611dobler which states the completeness of basic conditional narrowing for complete (i.e. confluent and terminating) conditional term rewriting systems without extra variables in the conditions of the rewrite rules. We extend the completeness result of Giovannetti and Moiso for level-confluent and terminating conditional systems with extra variables in the conditions to systems that may also have extra variables in the right-hand sides of the rules. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992.

关键词： Computational mechanics

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Integration of different system engineering methods using an object-oriented model

Integration of different system engineering methods using an...

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1992 Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications, OOPSLA 1992

作者： Clausen, Horst D. Hofmann, Anton Pawlitzek, Gabriele H. University of Salzburg Department of Computer Science and System Analysis Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 5 SalzburgA-5020 Austria German Aerospace Research Establishment Software Engineering Laboratory Munnchnerstrasse 20 OberpfaffenhofenD-8031 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0897916107

The development of large, complex systems consisting of both hardware and software normally involves several companies and/or development teams for the development of the different subsystems forming the entire system. Depending on the kind of subsystem to be developed, these different development teams normally use different system engineering methodologies and/or tool sets to produce their subsystems. However, the usage of different methodologies and tools makes technical management and quality assurance for the entire development effort a difficult task. Therefore the development as well as the maintenance of future systems with their increasing size and complexity requires a common frame for the entire system development and maintenance effort covering different kinds of subsystems, like graphical user interfaces, database systems, expert systems, real-time systems, and so on. This common frame should support the separate and independent development of the different subsystems by different subcontractors using different system engineering methods, the integration of these subsystems to the entire system as well as the maintenance of the entire system. A hierarchical object-oriented model for the encapsulation and integration of different system engineering methods can serve as this common frame, providing traceability from the system requirements model to the implemented system while giving each subsystem development team full scope in choosing the system engineering method most suitable for a specific subsystem. The approach underlying this object-oriented model is the encapsulation of the different subsystems in "high-level objects," which can be either further decomposed into "high-level object" or described in more detail using any appropriate system engineering method. The integration of these "high-level objects" to the entire system is supported by a "definition object" on each layer of each system engineering model. The "definition objects" provide trace

关键词： Maintenance

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Source code retrieval using program patterns

Source code retrieval using program patterns

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International Workshop on computer-Aided software engineering

作者： S. Paul A. Prakash Software Systems Research Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

A method for automating the search for codes that have particular structural features is described. A pattern language is used to specify the pattern of desired code. The benefits of using a pattern language include a higher level of abstraction in specifying patterns and the power to specify complex patterns which are impossible to express in grep type languages. A system that accepts these patterns and locates code fragments in C source files is described.< >

关键词： software maintenance Optimizing compilers software tools Programming profession software systems Laboratories Maintenance engineering Inspection Reverse engineering Power engineering and energy

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Wilson-Cowan neural-network model in image processing

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Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 1992年第2-3期2卷 251-259页

作者： Mantere, Kari Parkkinen, Jussi Jaaskelainen, Timo Gupta, Madan M. Department of Applied Physics University of Kuopio Kuopio SF-70211 P.O. Box 1627 Finland Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics University of Kuopio Kuopio SF-70211 P.O. Box 1627 Finland Department of Physics University of Joensuu Joensuu SF-80101 P.O. Box 111 Finland Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory College of Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 0W0 Saskatchewan Canada

The neural-network model based on the theory proposed by Wilson and Cowan has been simulated by using digitized real images. Mathematically, the model is based on coupled nonlinear differential equations that describe the functional dynamics of cortical nervous tissue, and the model can operate in different dynamical modes, depending on coupling strengths. The model is shown to store images in reduced form and to recognize edges of an object. Examples of how the network processes input images are shown. © 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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MAKING DESIGN OBJECTS RELEVANT TO THE TASK AT HAND 9

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9TH NATIONAL CONF ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ( AAAI-91 )

作者： FISCHER, G NAKAKOJI, K Department of Computer Science Institute of Cognitive Science University of Colorado Boulder 80309-0430 CO United States Software Engineering Laboratory Software Research Associates Inc. 1113 Spruce Street Boulder 80302 CO United States

ISBN: (纸本)0262510596

Many problem-solving approaches are based on the assumption that a problem can be precisely defined before it is solved. These approaches are inadequate for dealing with ill-defined problems, which require the coevolution of problem setting and problem solving. In this paper, we describe integrated, domain-oriented, knowledge-based design environments and their underlying multifaceted architecture. The environments empower humans to cope with ill-defined problems, such as design, by supporting an incremental approach to problem setting and problem solving. We focus on the integration of specification, construction, and a catalog of prestored design objects in those environments. The synergy of integration enables the environments to make those objects relevant to the task at hand. Taking architectural design as a domain to illustrate our approach, we describe an operational, prototype system (CATALOGEXPLORER) that assists designers in locating examples in the catalog that are relevant to the task at hand as articulated by a partial specification and a partial construction. Users are thereby relieved of the task of forming queries and navigating in information spaces. Copyright © 1991, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Problem solving

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GREEDY PACKET SCHEDULING 4th

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4TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS

作者： CIDON, I KUTTEN, S MANSOUR, Y PELEG, D IBM T.J. Watson Research Center P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights 10598 NY United States Faculty of Electrical Engineering The Technion Haifa 32000 Israel Laboratory for Computer Science MIT Cambridge 02139 MA United States Department of Applied Mathematics The Weizmann Institute Rehovot 76100 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)3540540997

Scheduling packets to be forwarded over a link is an important subtask of the routing process both in parallel computing and in communication networks. This paper investigates the simple class of greedy scheduling algorithms, namely, algorithms that always forward a packet if they can. It is first proved that for various “natural” classes of routes, the time required to complete the transmission of a set of packets is bounded by the sum of the number of packets and the maximal route length, for any greedy algorithm (including the arbitrary scheduling policy). Next, tight time bounds of Θ(n) are proved for a specific greedy algorithm on the class of shortest paths in n-vertex networks. Finally it is shown that when the routes are arbitrary, the time achieved by various “natural” greedy algorithms can be as bad as Ω(n^1.5), when O(n) packets have to be forwarded on an n-vertex network. © 1991, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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Broadcast with partial knowledge 91

Broadcast with partial knowledge

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10th Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, PODC 1991

作者： Awerbuch, Baruch Cidon, Israel Kutten, Shay Mansour, Yishay Peleg, David Dept. of Mathematics and Lab. for Computer Science M.I.T CambridgeMA02139 United States IBM T.J. Watson Research Center P.O. Box 704 Yorktown HeightsNY10598 United States Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technion Haifa32000 Israel Aiken Computation Laboratory Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Weizmann Institute Rehovot76100 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)0897914392

This work concerns the problem of broadcasting a large message efficiently when each processor has partial prior knowledge about the contents of the broadcast message. The partial information held by the processors might be out of date or otherwise erroneous, and consequently, different processors may hold conflicting information. Tight bounds are established for broadcast under such conditions, and applications of the broadcast protocol to other distributed computing problems are discussed. © 1991 ACM.

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ROLE OF SIMULATION IN RAPID PROTOTYPING FOR CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 204-211页

作者： KING, JF BARTON, DE J. Fred King:is the manager of the Advanced Technology Department for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Houston in 1977. He has been principal investigator of research projects in knowledge engineering pattern recognition and heuristic problem-solving. Efforts include the development of a multi-temporal multispectral classifier for identifying graincrops using LANDSAT satellite imagery data for NASA. Also as a member of the research team for a NCI study with Baylor College of Medicine and NASA he helped develop techniques for detection of carcinoma using multispectral microphotometer scans of lung tissue. He established and became technical director of the AI Laboratory for Ford Aerospace where he developed expert scheduling modeling and knowledge acquisition systems for NASA. Since joining Unisys in 1985 he has led the development of object-oriented programming environments blackboard architectures data fusion techniques using neural networks and intelligent data base systems. Douglas E. Barton:is manager of Logistics Information Systems for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his B.A. degree in computer science from the College of William and Mary in 1978 and did postgraduate work in London as a Drapers Company scholar. Since joining Unisys in 1981 his work has concentrated on program management and software engineering of large scale data base management systems and design and implementation of knowledge-based systems in planning and logistics. As chairman of the Logistics Data Subcommittee of the National Security Industrial Association (NSIA) he led an industry initiative which examined concepts in knowledge-based systems in military logistics. His responsibilities also include evaluation development and tailoring of software engineering standards and procedures for data base and knowledge-based systems. He is currently program manager of the Navigation Information Management System which provides support to the Fleet Ballistic Missile Progr

A valuable technique during concept development is rapid prototyping of software for key design components. This approach is particularly useful when the optimum design approach is not readily apparent or several known alternatives need to be rapidly evaluated. A problem inherent in rapid prototyping is the lack of a "target system" with which to interface. Some alternatives are to develop test driver libraries, integrate the prototype with an existing working simulator, or build one for the specific problem. This paper presents a unique approach to concept development using rapid prototyping for concept development and scenario-based simulation for concept verification. The rapid prototyping environment, derived from artificial intelligence technology, is based on a blackboard architecture. The rapid prototype simulation capability is provided through an object-oriented modeling environment. It is shown how both simulation and blackboard technologies are used collectively to rapidly gain insight into a tenacious problem. A specific example will be discussed where this approach was used to evolve the logic of a mission controller for an autonomous underwater vehicle.

关键词： Military engineering

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THE COMMAND SUPPORT AT-SEA EXPERIMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 25-36页

作者： BUSCHER, DJ SUNDAY, DM David J. Buscher:is an electrical engineer on the Principal Professional Staff of the Fleet Systems Department of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. He earned his BS degree in electrical engineering from Villanova University in 1967 an MSEE degree from the University of Maryland in 1972 and an MS degree in technical management from The Johns Hopkins University in 1985. He was the lead engineer on the Command Support At-Sea Experiment Project. He started his career in 1967 with the U.S. Army Harry Diamond Laboratory working on computer and communications projects. During this time he worked in Vietnam with the United States Army Vietnam Science Advisor Office. Since joining JHU/APL in 1978 he has worked on a variety of projects associated with computer graphics hospital patient information systems computer networks autonomous underwater vehicles and satellite communications. He is currently assistant group supervisor of the Computer Systems Group. Daniel M. Sunday:is a mathematician on the Principal Professional Staff of the Fleet Systems Department of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Minnesota in 1971 and did postdoctoral research on neural networks at the University of California at Berkeley. Since joining JHU/APL in 1980 Dr. Sunday has worked as a designer and developer of software systems with emphasis on medical imaging interactive graphics natural language interfaces and software standards. He was the network designer for the Headquarters Integrated Office System (HIOS) Network for the Army at the Pentagon. He is currently the lead software engineer on the Command Support At-Sea Experiment Project.

The Command Support At-Sea Experiment (CS@SE) provides experimental advanced graphics display systems consisting of large screen color displays and operator console color displays in the combat information center (CIC) of an Aegis cruiser and in the tactical flag command center (TFCC) of an aircraft carrier. CS@SE systems are designed to prototype potential command support capabilities in an at-sea environment to validate and refine requirements for planned production system upgrades. These systems use sophisticated color graphics techniques to provide real-time tactical displays that improve the availability of information to an operator by reducing clutter through the use of color, area fill, transparen overlays and intensity coding of track symbols. Interfaces wen developed with the Aegis Display System (ADS), Shipboarc Gridlock System with Auto-correlation (SGS/AC), Flag Dats Display System (FDDS) and Tomahawk Engagement Planning and Exercise Evaluation System (TEPEE) that provided the data for the presentation of a tactical display. Display elements included both real-time and over-the-horizon (OTH) surface track data, velocity leaders, tags, uncertainty ellipses, and history trails. The display also included filled land masses, country boundaries, commercial airways, cities, graphics overlays (i.e., operational areas), weapon system missile performance contours, and engagement plans. This paper describes the experiment, its installation and integration into the shipboard environments of an Aegis cruiser (USS Leyte Gulf ) and an aircraft carrier (USS America , its usage by the ships companies and embarked staffs, and the experiment result! and findings. Key conclusions of the experiment are: 1 Advanced graphics color displays can significantly enhance the ability of the warfighter to assimilate a complex tactical display. 2 Both ships reported a requirement for a correlated OTH and real-time track display with the ability to clearly differentiate the two types

关键词： computer Graphics

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SDA: a novel approach to software environment design and construction

SDA: a novel approach to software environment design and con...

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International Conference on software engineering (ICSE)

作者： K. Kishida T. Katayama M. Matsuo I. Miyamoto K. Ochimizu N. Saito J.H. Sayler K. Torii L.G. Williams Software Research Associates Inc. Tokyo Japan Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Information and Computer Science Department University of Hawai Honolulu HI USA Department of Computer Science Shizuoka University Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan Department of Mathematics Keio University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Department of Information and Computer Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Colorado Denver CO USA

ISBN: (纸本)0897912586

The software Designer's Associate (SDA) is a workstation-based collection of tools which support the description, evaluation, and comparison of software system architectural designs and cooperation among, and management of, a team of software designers. Each SDA is a specific instance of a generic facility which supports a team member's design activities, cooperation among team members, and overall team management. It provides a framework for the integration of tools supporting the use of various notations within the context of a particular set of technical and managerial methods. These tools, notations, and methods may be adapted to support the needs of a particular project or the habits of an individual developer by selecting the particular tools to be added to the generic facility. The authors describe the concept of SDAs and the cooperative, international project which is intended to lend to its realization.< >

关键词： software design Workstations computer science software tools Programming computer industry software maintenance software prototyping Disaster management Knowledge management

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