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1st International Conference on Theory and Application of Diagrams, Diagrams 2000

作者： Hari Narayanan, N. Hegarty, Mary Intelligent and Interactive Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849 United States Department of Psychology University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540679154

Static mixed-mode presentations consisting of verbal explanations illustrated with diagrams have long been used to communicate information. With the advent of multimedia, such presentations have become dynamic, by migrating from paper to the computer and by adding interactivity and animation. The conventional wisdom is that computer-based multimedia presentations are better than printed presentations. However, does the communicative power of mixed-mode representations stem from their careful design to match cognitive processes involved in comprehension or from their interactive and animated nature? This is an important issue that has never been investigated. This paper first presents a cognitive model of comprehension of mixed-mode representations. We describe how this model generates design guidelines for mixed-mode representations that present expository material in two domains - the concrete domain of mechanical systems and the abstract domain of computer algorithms. We then report on a series of studies that compared computer-based interactive multimedia presentations and their paper-based counterparts. Both were designed in accordance with the comprehension model and were compared against each other and against competing representational forms such as books, CD-ROMs, and animations. These studies indicate that the effectiveness of mixed-mode presentations has more to do with their match with comprehension processes than the medium of presentation. In other words, benefits of interactivity and animation are likely being overstated in the current milieu of fascination with multimedia. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000.

关键词： Animation

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Image quantization using Self-Splitting Competitive Learning

Image quantization using Self-Splitting Competitive Learning

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Ya-Jun Zhang Zhi-Qiang Liu Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne VIC Australia

We have developed a new, robust clustering algorithm, Self-Splitting Competitive Learning (SSCL). It has shown great abilities in detecting not only isolated clusters, but overlapped clusters, curves and spherical shells. We apply SSCL to quantization of color images. The clustering algorithm iteratively partitions the color space into natural clusters without a prior information on the number of clusters. The algorithm starts with only a single color prototype and adaptively splits it into multiple prototypes during the learning process based on a split validity measure. It is able to discover all natural groups; each is associated with a color prototype. The experimental results show remarkably better performance as compared to several other existing clustering algorithms.

关键词： Prototypes Clustering algorithms Quantization Pixel Partitioning algorithms Iterative algorithms Image analysis Pattern analysis Image color analysis Gray-scale

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Evaluating modeling efficiency of a specific software architecture

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systems and computers in Japan 2000年第11期31卷 1-11页

作者： Kawakami, Masumi Yoshida, Atsushi Isoda, Sadahiro Knowledge-Based Info. Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi 441-8580 Japan Systems Development Laboratory Hitachi Ltd. Toyohashi University of Technology Wakayama University Nagoya University University of Tokyo Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana IL United States Spec. Interest Grp. on Software Eng. Info. Processing Society of Japan

software architectural styles that represent structural characteristics of software programs range from specific ones that can be applied to a particular domain to generic ones that can be applied to any domain. If a specific architectural style is available for the target system to be developed, it is appropriate to apply it together with its associated modeling method. However, no quantitative evaluation on the efficiency of specific architectural styles has as yet been reported. This paper presents a quantitative comparison of two architectural styles: specific and generic software architectural styles. The comparison shows that a specific architectural style combined with its associated modeling method allows us to reduce modeling cost as much as a few scores of percent compared with the generic one combined with its modeling method. The improvement results from the characteristics that (1) a specific software architectural style requires less rewriting of modeling diagrams due to its inherent basic structure and (2) there is less redundant information among modeling diagrams.

关键词： Client server computer systems

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Fault-tolerant FFT data compression

Fault-tolerant FFT data compression

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Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing

作者： G.R. Redinbo R. Manomohan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA Internet Software Systems Hewlett Packard Cupertino CA USA

Transform coefficients carry important data characteristics but can also be compressed significantly in many remote sensing applications. Failures in the several computing facilities that execute lossy compression algorithms and support the transmission of Fourier transform data can corrupt the values beyond recovery at the final destination. Various methods for including fault tolerance at the data processing level are exemplified by describing a protected system that computes the FFT, truncates small coefficients and compresses the remaining nonzero coefficients using lossless arithmetic coding. Algorithmic checks within the FFT and arithmetic encoding and decoding operations are augmented with additional features between and across several subsystems involved in compressing and transmitting the FFT data. End-to-end error detection is achieved in this manner.

关键词： Fault tolerance Data compression Arithmetic Remote sensing Propagation losses Compression algorithms Fourier transforms Fault tolerant systems Data processing Protection

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Performance evaluation of line drawing recognition systems

Performance evaluation of line drawing recognition systems

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： A.K. Chhabra I.T. Phillips Bell Atlantic Network Systems Advanced Technology White Plains NY USA Computer Science Software Engineering Department Seattle University Seattle WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769507506

Presents the results of the third international graphics recognition contest. We evaluated the performance of four different vectorization systems on scanned images of CAD drawings. The EditCost Index was used for comparative evaluation of the systems. The performance curves of the systems on the test images are presented in this paper.

关键词： engineering drawings System testing Image recognition Image converters computer graphics Image generation computer science software engineering Time measurement Noise generators

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A replicated assessment and comparison of common software cost modeling techniques

A replicated assessment and comparison of common software co...

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International Conference on software engineering (ICSE)

作者： L.C. Briand T. Langley I. Wieczorek Systems and Computer Engineering Department Carleton University Ottawa Canada CAESAR University of New South Wales Kensington NSW Australia Fraunhofer Institute of Experimental Software Engineering (IESE) Kaiserslautern Germany

Delivering a software product on time, within budget, and to an agreed level of quality is a critical concern for many software organizations. Underestimating software costs can have detrimental effects on the quality of the delivered software and thus on a company's business reputation and competitiveness. On the other hand, overestimation of software cost can result in missed opportunities to funds in other projects. In response to industry demand, a myriad of estimation techniques has been proposed during the last three decades. In order to assess the suitability of a technique from a diverse selection, its performance and relative merits must be compared. The current study replicates a comprehensive comparison of common estimation techniques within different organizational contexts, using data from the European Space Agency. Our study is motivated by the challenge to assess the feasibility of using multi-organization data to build cost models and the benefits gained from company-specific data collection. Using the European Space Agency data set, we investigated a yet unexplored application domain, including military and space projects. The results showed that traditional techniques, namely, ordinary least-squares regression and analysis of variance outperformed analogy-based estimation and regression trees. Consistent with the results of the replicated study no significant difference was found in accuracy between estimates derived from company-specific data and estimates derived from multi-organizational data.

关键词： Costs software quality Regression tree analysis Analysis of variance Permission Performance evaluation Application software Aerospace industry Australia Business

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Towards socially sophisticated BDI agents

Towards socially sophisticated BDI agents

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International Conference on MultiAgent systems Proceedings

作者： F. Dignum D. Morley E.A. Sonenberg L. Cavedon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhovan University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia Department of Information Systems University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia Department of Computer Science RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia

We present an approach to social reasoning that integrates prior work on norms and obligations with the BDI approach to agent architectures. Norms and obligations can be used to increase the efficiency of agent reasoning, and their explicit representation supports reasoning about a wide range of behaviour types in a single framework. We propose a modified BDI interpreter loop that takes norms and obligations into account in an agent's deliberation.

关键词： computer science Multiagent systems Mathematics software engineering Information systems Collaborative work Humans Stability

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Strong practical stability for a class of 2D linear systems

Strong practical stability for a class of 2D linear systems

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： K. Galkowski E. Rogers A. Gramacki J. Gramacki D. Owens Institute of Robotics and Software Engineering Technical University of Zielona Gora Poland Department of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton UK Institute of Computer Science and Electronics Technical University of Zielona Gora Poland Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield UK

Linear repetitive processes are a distinct class of 2D linear systems of both theoretical and practical interest. The stability theory for these processes currently consists of two distinct concepts termed asymptotic stability and stability along the pass respectively where the former is a necessary condition for the latter. Recently applications have arisen where asymptotic stability is too weak and stability along the pass is too strong for meaningful progress to be made. This paper develops the concept of strong practical stability for such cases.

关键词： Linear systems Asymptotic stability computer science State-space methods Robotics and automation software engineering systems engineering and theory Metals industry Iterative algorithms Electrical equipment industry

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A replicated assessment and comparison of common software cost modeling techniques 00

A replicated assessment and comparison of common software co...

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Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on software engineering

作者： Lionel C. Briand Tristen Langley Isabella Wieczorek Carleton University Systems and Computer Engineering Department. Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada CAESAR University of New South Wales Kensington NSW 2052 Sydney Australia Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering Sauerwiesen 6 67661 Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781581132069

Delivering a software product on time, within budget, and to an agreed level of quality is a critical concern for many software organizations. Underestimating software costs can have detrimental effects on the quality of the delivered software and thus on a company's business reputation and competitiveness. On the other hand, overestimation of software cost can result in missed opportunities to funds in other projects. In response to industry demand, a myriad of estimation techniques has been proposed during the last three decades. In order to assess the suitability of a technique from a diverse selection, its performance and relative merits must be *** current study replicates a comprehensive comparison of common estimation techniques within different organizational contexts, using data from the European Space Agency. Our study is motivated by the challenge to assess the feasibility of using multi-organization data to build cost models and the benefits gained from company-specific data collection. Using the European Space Agency data set, we investigated a yet unexplored application domain, including military and space projects. The results showed that traditional techniques, namely, ordinary least-squares regression and analysis of variance outperformed Analogy-based estimation and regression trees. Consistent with the results of the replicated study no significant difference was found in accuracy between estimates derived from company-specific data and estimates derived from multi-organizational data.

关键词： analogy

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Workshop on software and performance [Guest Editors' Introduction]

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IEEE Transactions on software engineering 2000年第12期26卷 1121-1121页

作者： A.M.K. Cheng P. Clements M. Woodside Department of Computer Science University of Houston Houston TX USA Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Real-Time and Distributed Systems Group Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa ONT Canada

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