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An algebraic programming style for numerical software and its optimization

Scientific Programming 2001年第4期8卷 247-259页

作者： Dinesh, T.B. Haveraaen, Magne Heering, Jan Academic Systems Corporation 444 Castro Street Mountain View CA 94041 United States Department of Informatics University of Bergen Høyteknologisenteret N-5020 Bergen Norway Department of Software Engineering CWI Kruislaan 413 1098 SJ Amsterdam Netherlands

The abstract mathematical theory of partial differential equations (PDEs) is formulated in terms of manifolds, scalar fields, tensors, and the like, but these algebraic structures are hardly recognizable in actual PDE solvers. The general aim of the Sophus programming style is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in the domain of PDE solvers. Its main ingredients are a library of abstract datatypes corresponding to the algebraic structures used in the mathematical theory and an algebraic expression style similar to the expression style used in the mathematical theory. Because of its emphasis on abstract datatypes, Sophus is most naturally combined with object-oriented languages or other languages supporting abstract datatypes. The resulting source code patterns are beyond the scope of current compiler optimizations, but are sufficiently specific for a dedicated source-to-source optimizer. The limited, domain-specific, character of Sophus is the key to success here. This kind of optimization has been tested on computationally intensive Sophus style code with promising results. The general approach may be useful for other styles and in other application domains as well.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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Improving system reliability via rigorous software modeling: the UML case

Improving system reliability via rigorous software modeling:...

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IEEE Conference on Aerospace

作者： A. Toval J.L.F. Aleman Software Engineering Research Group Department of Informatics and Systems University of Murcia Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0780365992

Within Object Orientation (OO), the UML (Unified Modeling Language) is the standard language adopted by the Object Management Group to analyze and design information systems. However, UML has been criticized since its appearance due to the ambiguity and the lack of a truly formal definition of its semantics. This situation hinders the rigorous statement of properties related to the models constructed using this language, something which is crucial in the aerospace industry, given the high level of reliability that these systems require. With this in mind, a proposal to formalize a set of components described by UML class diagrams, using the algebraic specifications theory, is presented. Within this formal framework, specifications of software concerning aerospace systems constructed by UML class diagrams can be transformed into equivalent formal representations. Thus, the diagram can be mathematically verified and manipulated by using its equivalent formal representation. The formal model obtained has been described in an executable formal specification language called Maude.

关键词： Reliability Unified modeling language Computer aided software engineering Object oriented modeling Aerospace industry software engineering Management information systems Proposals Embedded system Control systems

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Formally modeling UML and its evolution: A holistic approach

Formally modeling UML and its evolution: A holistic approach

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4th International Conference on Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed systems, FMOODS 2000

作者： Álvarez, Ambrosio Toval Alemán, José Luis Fernández Software Engineering Research Group Department of Informatics: Languages and Systems University of Murcia Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781475710182

Due to the pervasiveness of diagrams in human communication and because of the increasing availability of graphical notations in software engineering, the study of diagrammatic notations is at the forefront of many research efforts. The expressive power of these kinds of languages and notations can be remarkably improved by adding extensibility mechanisms Extensibility, the ability of a notation or a modeling language to be extended from its own modeling constructs, is a feature that has assumed considerable importance with the appearance of the UML (Unified Modeling Language). In this paper, a holistic proposal to formally support the evolution of the UML metamodel is presented. To attain this aim, an algebraic formalization is provided which leads to a seamless formal model of the UML four-layer semantics architecture. These two characteristics - being holistic and seamless together with reflection are the most innovative aspects of the research with respect to formalizing the UML. In particular, a central role is played by reflection. A formal language supporting this feature called Maude is studied and put forward as the basis for the formalization of the UML extensibility mechanisms. Since Maude is an executable specification language, the final set of formal models can also be used as a UML virtual machine at the specification level. To illustrate the approach, a UML Class Diagram prototype is implemented using the Maude interpreter. The integration of this Maude prototype with a UML commercial CASE has been developed, in Java, and is currently working. © 2000 International Federation for Information Processing.

关键词： Unified Modeling Language

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Can intuition become rigorous? Foundations for UML model verification tools

Can intuition become rigorous? Foundations for UML model ver...

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International Symposium on software Reliability engineering (ISSRE)

作者： J.L.F. Aleman A.T. Alvarez Software Engineering Research Group Department of Informatics and Systems University of Murcia Spain

The Unified Modeling Language, UML, is the object oriented notation adopted as the standard for object oriented analysis and design by the Object Management Group. The paper reports on research to facilitate the formal revision of UML informal specifications. The approach is based on algebraic specification formal theory, which is used to formalize the UML Statechart diagrams and subsequently verify them. To illustrate the proposal, the so-called orthogonality property is investigated. This property is modeled at the UML metamodel level so that its fulfillment on the part of any particular UML Statechart diagram can be mathematically proven or disproven. The formal models obtained are specified in the executable formal language Maude, thus providing the additional advantage of using them as functional prototypes. These results lead to a whole formalization of the UML, which can be used in practice, and lay the foundations for the construction of rigorous UML CASE tools.

关键词： Unified modeling language Object oriented modeling software engineering Proposals Formal languages Prototypes Natural languages informatics software standards engineering management

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Empirical studies of evolving systems

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Empirical software engineering 1999年第4期4卷 370-380页

作者： Bennett, K. Burd, E. Kemerer, C. Lehman, M.M. Lee, M. Madachy, R. Mair, C. Sjoberg, D. Slaughter, S. Department of Computer Science University of Durham United Kingdom Katz Graduate School of Business University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Computing Imperial College United Kingdom Department of Informatics and Simulation RMCS Cranfield University United Kingdom Litton Guidance and Control Systems USC Center for Software Engineering United States Design Engineering and Computing University of Bournemouth United Kingdom Department of Informatics University of Oslo Norway Graduate School of Industrial Administrations Carnegie Melon University United States

This paper describes the results of the working group investigating the issues of empirical studies for evolving systems. The groups found that there were many issues that were central to successful evolution and this concluded that this is a very important area within software engineering. Finally nine main areas were selected for consideration. For each of these areas the central issues were identified as well as success factors. In some cases success stories were also described and the critical factors accounting for the success analyzed. In some cases it was later found that a number of areas were so tightly coupled that it was important to discuss them together.

关键词： software engineering

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Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland - Section of Bioengineering - Proceedings of meeting held in Dundalk, Co. Louth, in February 1998.

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IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 1998年第4期167卷 256-276页

作者： [Anonymous] Orthopaedic Research Unit The Queen’s University of Belfast School of Biomedical Sciences The Queen’s University of Belfast Howmedica International Ltd. Raheen Industrial Estate Limerick Department of Mechanical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Mater Hospital Dublin 7 Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Århus University Hospital Denmark University of Limerick Limerick Limerick Regional Hospital Raheen Limerick Boston Scientific Ireland Ltd. Galway Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Bioengineering Research Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Northern Ireland Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of Ulster Newtownabbey Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering The Ashby Building The Queen’s University of Belfast Johnson and Johnson Professional Orthopaedic Division Queensway England Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Burke House Ellison Street Castlebar Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Department of Surgery Beaumont Hospital Dublin Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Department of Aeronautical Engineering The Queen’s University of Belfast Vascular Unit Belfast City Hospital Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Centre for Biomedical Electronics Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick Limerick School of Health Sciences University of Ulster Ireland School of Physiotherapy University of Ulster Newtownabbey Clinical Engineering NI Medical Physics Agency Belfast and Radiology Royal Victoria Hospital Musgrave Park Hospital University of Limerick Biomedical Institute (ULBMI) Uni

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The consensus glossary of temporal database concepts - february 1998 version

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 1998年 1399卷 367-405页

作者： Jensen, Christian S. Dyreson, Curtis E. Bohlen, Michael Clifford, James Elmasri, Ramez Gadia, Shashi K Grandi, Fabio Hayes, Pat Jajodia, Sushil Käfer, Wolfgang Kline, Nick Lorentzos, Nikos Mitsopoulos, Yannis Montanari, Angelo Nonen, Daniel Peressi, Elisa Pernici, Barbara Roddick, John F Sarda, Nandlal L Scalas, Maria Rita Segev, Arie Snodgrass, Richard T Soo, Mike D. Tansel, Abdullah Tiberio, Paolo Wiederhold, Gio Aalborg University Department of Computer Science Fredrik Bajers Vej 7E Aalborg ØDK-9220 Denmark Computer Science Dept Aalborg University Denmark Computer Science Dept James Cook University Australia Computer Science Engineer¬ing Dept University of Texas at Arlington United States Computer Science Dept Iowa State University United States CIOC-CNR DEIS University of Bologna Italy Beckman Institute United States In¬formation and Software Systems Engineering Dept George Mason University United States Mercedes Benz Agricultural University of Athens Greece Informatics Laboratory Agricultural University of Athens Greece Infor¬matics Laboratory Agricultural University of Athens Greece Dip. di Matematica e Informatica Universita di Udine Italy Computer Science Dept Concordia University Canada Dip. di Matematica e Informatica Universita di Udine Italy Electronic Engineering and Information Sciences Dept Politecnico di Milano Italy School of Computer and Information Science University of South Australia Australia Computer Science and Engineering Dept Indian Institute of Technology Bombay India University of Bologna Italy School of Business Adm. and Computer Science Research Dept University of California United States Computer Science Dept Uni¬versity of Arizona United States Computer Science and Engineering Dept University of South Florida United States Bernard M. Baruch College City University of New York United States CIOC-CNR DEIS University of Bologna Italy Computer Science Dept Stanford University United States

This document1 contains definitions of a wide range of concepts specific to and widely used within temporal databases. In addition to providing definitions, the document also includes explanations of concepts as well as discussions of the adopted names. The consensus effort that lead to this glossary was initiated in Early 1992. Earlier versions appeared in SIGMOD Record in September 1992 and March 1994. The present glossary subsumes all the previous documents. The glossary meets the need for creating a higher degree of consensus on the definition and naming of temporal database concepts. Two sets of criteria are included. First, all included concepts were required to satisfy four relevance criteria, and, second, the naming of the concepts was resolved using a set of evaluation criteria. The concepts are grouped into three categories: concepts of general database interest, of temporal database interest, and of specialized interest. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998.

关键词： Database systems

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An object-oriented dual language for specifying reactive systems

An object-oriented dual language for specifying reactive sys...

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IEEE International Conference on Requirements engineering

作者： G. Bucci M. Campanai P. Nesi M. Traversi Department of Systems and Informatics Faculty of Engineering University of Florence Florence Italy CQ-Ware Centro per la Qualitá del Software Florence Italy

Descriptive software specification techniques are based on mathematical formalism and produce precise, rigorous specifications which are in general to be preferred for the design of reactive systems with respect to operational techniques. Recently, dual languages which tend to integrate these aspects have been investigated. An object-oriented specification dual language, named TROL is presented, it consists in an executable formal specification model which can be used for validation of reactive systems. TROL has the capability to describe the system behavior, its functionality and structural aspects. It allows one to describe the system at different levels of structural abstractions and specification details without boundaries among the specification steps. At each specification level, TROL helps the user in the verification of consistency, thus allowing incremental specification. TROL has a visual representation which has been supported by a CASE tool named TOOMS.< >

关键词： Object oriented modeling Formal specifications software quality informatics Design engineering Councils Computer aided software engineering software performance Real time systems

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On Static Analysis of Deadlocks in Transputer Networks

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1992年第30期25卷 209-214页

作者： Algirdas Pakštas Danutė Paketūraitė Department of Software Engineering for Distributed Computer Systems Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Akademijos 4 LT-2600 Vilnius Lithuania UNIT/NTH-IDT N-7034 Trondheim Norway

One of the most important problem, which arised during the creation of distributed software configurations (DSCs) for parallel systems and distributed computer control systems (DCCS), is deadlocks between interacting processes. Deadlocks are the subject of research, because their influence on normal computer systems behaviour is obvious. In the DCCS oriented software development system ALADDIN/LAMP during DSC debugging and maintenance the problem of deadlocks elimination also was faced. Programming language OCCAM was designed for development of DSCs runing on the transputer networks. This paper deals with the problem of DCCS software components operation reliability increasing by means of deadlock analysis and elimination. As the most important OCCAM language features as the approach to ALADDIN/LAMP tools extention for deadlocks analysis in OCCAM-written DSCs are presented.

关键词： Parallel processing Distributed software configurations software operation reliability Deadlocks OCCAM software tools

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Structuring modelling knowledge for CASE shells 3rd

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3rd International Conference on Advanced Information systems engineering, CAiSE 1991

作者： Verhoef, T.F. Ter Hofstede, A.H.M. Wijers, G.M. Software Engineering Research Centre P.O. Box 424 Utrecht3500 AK Netherlands Delft University of Technology Faculty of Technical Mathematics and Informatics Department of Information Systems P.O. Box 356 Delft2600 AJ Netherlands University of Nijmegen Department of Information Systems Toernooiveld Nijmegen6525 ED Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783540540595

In the SOCRATES project, it is claimed that improving automated support of information modelling processes should be realised by the development of a new architecture of CASE tools, which is method independent and as such should be implemented as a CASE shell. A CASE shell should include knowledge of both the tasks to be carried out in the information modelling process and the models resulting from that modelling process. By incorporating this knowledge in a CASE shell, the shell is transformed in a workbench or modelling support system for that specific modelling process. Crucial for the development of a CASE shell is the availability of a suitable technique for the uniform representation of information modelling knowledge. We will refer to such a technique as a meta-modelling technique. In this paper we present a meta-modelling technique in which modelling tasks and the resulting models can be integrated. The development of a CASE shell as such is beyond the scope of this paper. As to show the applicability of the meta-modelling technique presented, it has been used to represent Yourdon's Modern Structured Analysis. © 1991, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shells (structures)

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