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A comparative review for question answering frameworks on the linked data

Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 2021年第6期14卷 1695-1705页

作者： Tasar, Ceren O. Komesli, Murat Unalir, Murat O. Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yaşar University Izmir35100 Turkey Department of Management Information Systems School of Applied Sciences Yaşar University Izmir35100 Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir35100 Turkey

Background: One of the state-of-the-art techniques for question answering frameworks is using linked data by converting the user input into SPARQL which is the query language for linked data. Objective: The main target is to emphasize the most fundamental issues while developing a question answering frameworks that accept input in natural language and converting it into SPARQL. Methods: The trend of applying linked data as a data source is gaining popularity among the re-searchers. In this study, question answering frameworks that combine both natural language processing techniques and linked data technologies are examined. Common principles of examined question answering frameworks recognize user intention, enriching natural language input and converting it to a SPARQL query. Results: 9 studies are selected for further examination to be compared by using selection criteria de-fined in the research methodology. Conclusion: Resulting outcomes are represented and compared in detail. In addition to the comparative review of systems, a general architecture of question answering frameworks on the linked data is drawn as an outcome of this study to provide a guideline for the researchers who are studying related research fields. © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Linked data

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Improved Video Steganography with Dual Cover Medium,DNA and Complex Frames

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3881-3898页

作者： Asma Sajjad Humaira Ashraf NZ Jhanjhi Mamoona Humayun Mehedi Masud Mohammed A.AlZain Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan School of Computer Science SCSTaylor’s UniversitySubang Jaya47500SelangorMalaysia FITTaylor’s UniversitySubangJaya47500SelangorMalaysia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityKSA Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

The most valuable resource on the planet is no longer oil,but *** transmission of this data securely over the internet is another challenge that comes with its ever-increasing *** order to transmit sensitive information securely,researchers are combining robust cryptography and steganographic *** objective of this research is to introduce a more secure method of video steganography by using Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)for embedding encrypted data and an intelligent frame selection algorithm to improve video *** the previous approach,DNA was used only for frame *** this DNA is compromised,then our frames with the hidden and unencrypted data will be *** the frame selected in this way were random frames,and no consideration was made to the contents of *** data in this way introduces visible artifacts in *** the proposed approach rather than using DNA for frame selection we have created a fakeDNA out of our data and then embedded it in a video file on intelligently selected frames called the complex *** chaotic maps and linear congruential generators,a unique pixel set is selected each time only from the identified complex frames,and encrypted data is embedded in these random *** results demonstrate that the proposed technique shows minimum degradation of the stenographic video hence reducing the very first chances of visual ***,the selection of complex frames for embedding and creation of a fake DNA as proposed in this research have higher peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)and reduced mean squared error(MSE)values that indicate improved *** proposed methodology has been implemented in Matlab.

关键词： Video steganography data encryption DNA embedding frame selection

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EMG gesture signal analysis towards diagnosis of upper limb using dual-pathway convolutional neural network

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Mathematical Biosciences and engineering 2024年第4期21卷 5712-5734页

作者： Qamar, Hafiz Ghulam Murtza Qureshi, Muhammad Farrukh Mushtaq, Zohaib Zubariah, Zubariah Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur Samee, Nagwan Abdel Mahmoud, Noha F. Gu, Yeong Hyeon Al-Masni, Mohammed A. School of Electrical Engineering Yanshan University Hebei Qinhuangdao066104 China Department of Electrical Engineering Riphah International University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Systems College of Engineering and Technology University of Sargodha Sargodha40100 Pakistan Department of Physiotherapy Isfandyar Bukhari Civil Hospital District Headquarter Hospital Attock43600 Pakistan Department of Biomedical Engineering Riphah International University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Aalborg9220 Denmark Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Artificial Intelligence Data Science College of Software & Convergence Technology Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of

This research introduces a novel dual-pathway convolutional neural network (DP-CNN) architecture tailored for robust performance in Log-Mel spectrogram image analysis derived from raw multichannel electromyography signals. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of the proposed DP-CNN architecture across three datasets (NinaPro DB1, DB2, and DB3), encompassing both able-bodied and amputee subjects. Performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, are employed for comprehensive evaluation. The DP-CNN demonstrates notable mean accuracies of 94.93 ± 1.71% and 94.00 ± 3.65% on NinaPro DB1 and DB2 for healthy subjects, respectively. Additionally, it achieves a robust mean classification accuracy of 85.36 ± 0.82% on amputee subjects in DB3, affirming its efficacy. Comparative analysis with previous methodologies on the same datasets reveals substantial improvements of 28.33%, 26.92%, and 39.09% over the baseline for DB1, DB2, and DB3, respectively. The DP-CNN’s superior performance extends to comparisons with transfer learning models for image classification, reaffirming its efficacy. Across diverse datasets involving both able-bodied and amputee subjects, the DP-CNN exhibits enhanced capabilities, holding promise for advancing myoelectric control. © 2024 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Cross-Modality Prompts: Few-Shot Multi-Label Recognition With Single-Label Training

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 3023-3033页

作者： Ding, Zixuan Zhou, Zihan Chen, Hui Hao, Tianxiang Xiong, Yizhe Zhao, Sicheng Zhang, Qiang Han, Jungong Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipments Xi'an710071 China Xidian University Center for Complex Systems School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Xi'an710071 China Tsinghua University School of Software Beijing100190 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing100190 China Tsinghua University Department of Automation Beijing100190 China

Few-shot multi-label recognition (FS-MLR) presents a significant challenge due to the need to assign multiple labels to images with limited examples. Existing methods often struggle to balance the learning of novel classes and the retention of knowledge from base classes. To address this issue, we propose a novel Cross-Modality Prompts (CMP) approach. Unlike conventional methods that rely on additional semantic information to mitigate the impact of limited samples, our approach leverages multimodal prompts to adaptively tune the feature extraction network. A new FS-MLR benchmark is also proposed, which includes single-label training and multi-label testing, accompanied by benchmark datasets constructed from MS-COCO and NUS-WIDE. Extensive experiments on these datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our CMP approach, highlighting its effectiveness and adaptability. Our results show that CMP outperforms CoOp on the MS-COCO dataset with a maximal improvement of 19.47% and 23.94% in mAPharmonic for 5-way 1-shot and 5-way 5-shot settings, respectively. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Beyond N-Grams: Enhancing String Kernels With Transformer-Guided Semantic Insights

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 97779-97793页

作者： Nazar Zaki Reem Alderei Mahra Alketbi Alia Alkaabi Fatima Alneyadi Nadeen Zaki Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems and Security College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to the generation of sophisticated AI-produced texts, posing significant challenges in distinguishing machine-generated content from authentic human writing. This study presents a novel hybrid framework that effectively integrates string kernel approaches with deep contextual embeddings from state-of-the-art transformers for robust AI-generated text detection. We propose and evaluate four innovative kernel-based methods namely Attention-Augmented Kernel, Error Pattern Analysis, Transformer-Guided N-gram Selection, and a Custom Kernel Function each designed to uniquely capture semantic and structural distinctions of text. Extensive experiments conducted on eight diverse datasets comprising 2,501 total samples, featuring texts generated and enhanced by leading LLMs including GPT-3.5, GPT-4, DeepSeek, and KIMI, demonstrate superior performance of the proposed methods. Particularly, the Transformer-Guided N-gram Selection and the Custom Kernel Function consistently outperform baseline models, achieving near-perfect detection accuracy with significantly reduced computational complexity. Comprehensive hyperparameter optimization further solidifies our methods’ effectiveness and practical applicability. The publicly available datasets and robust empirical evaluations contribute valuable benchmarks for future research. This work sets a new standard in AI-text detection methodologies, enhancing reliability, efficiency, and scalability for real-world applications.

关键词： Transformers Benchmark testing Multilingual Adaptation models Robustness Kernel Computational modeling Text detection Artificial intelligence Semantics

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Hybrid Convolutional Neural Networks for Enhanced Detection of Mango Leaf Diseases 6

Hybrid Convolutional Neural Networks for Enhanced Detection ...

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6th International Conference on Cybernetics, Cognition and Machine Learning Applications, ICCCMLA 2024

作者： Porna, Shweta Bhattacharjee Kabir, Md. Firoz Rana, Md. Imran Chowdhury Sajol, Md. Saiful Islam Roy, Tonmoy Khan, Mohammad Aman Ullah Adnan, Md. Al Bhavani, Girigula Durga Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh Master's in Information Technology University of the Cumberlands United States Bachelor of Business Administration International American university Los Angeles CA United States Louisiana State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering LA United States Data Analytics & Information Systems Utah State University Logan United States Brac University School of Data and Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1212 Bangladesh Noakhali Science And Technology University Bsc in software engineering Bangladesh Andhra Pradesh Amaravati522237 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505790

The classification of mango leaf diseases is critical for effective disease management and ensuring high-quality yields in mango cultivation. This paper presents a comprehensive study on using deep learning techniques to classify various mango leaf diseases, leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and hybrid models. A total of 7,524 images were used in our study. These included 4,000 training samples and 3,524 testing samples. The images were split into eight groups, which were powdery mildew, cutting weevil, anthracnose, bacterial canker, sooty mold, gall midge, healthy, and die back. The suggested method starts with feature extraction using VGG19 and MobileNetB1, then classification using both standalone models (ResNet50V2 + EfficientNetB1 and VGG16 + MobileNetB1). We employed data augmentation techniques like random brightness adjustment, rotation, and flipping to enhance the robustness of the model. We conducted hyperparameter tuning using hyperband and Bayesian optimization to optimize the model's performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid models achieved superior performance, with ResNet50V2 and EfficientNetB1 attaining a perfect accuracy of 100 % on the test set. These findings highlight the potential of deep learning techniques to improve the accuracy and reliability of mango leaf disease diagnosis, contributing significantly to the advancement of precision agriculture. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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Load Balancing Framework for Cross-Region Tasks in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1479-1490页

作者： Jaleel Nazir Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Tahir Alyas Muhammad Hamid Muhammad Saleem Saadia Malik Nadia Tabassum Department of Software Engineering The Superior CollegeLahorePakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Statistics and Computer Science University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahore54000Pakistan Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of EngineeringRabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology-RabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Virtual University of PakistanLahore54000Pakistan

Load balancing is a technique for identifying overloaded and underloaded nodes and balancing the load between *** maximize various performance parameters in cloud computing,researchers suggested various load balancing *** store and access data and services provided by the different service providers through the network over different regions,cloud computing is one of the latest technology systems for both end-users and service *** volume of data is increasing due to the pandemic and a significant increase in usage of the internet has also been *** of the cloud are looking for services that are intelligent,and,can balance the traffic load by service providers,resulting in seamless and uninterrupted *** types of algorithms and techniques are available that can manage the load balancing in the cloud *** this paper,a newly proposed method for load balancing in cloud computing at the database level is *** database cloud services are frequently employed by companies of all sizes,for application development and business *** balancing for distributed applications can be used to maintain an efficient task scheduling process that also meets the user requirements and improves resource *** balancing is the process of distributing the load on various nodes to ensure that no single node is *** avoid the nodes from being overloaded,the load balancer divides an equal amount of computing time to all *** results of two different scenarios showed the cross-region traffic management and significant growth in revenue of restaurants by using load balancer decisions on application traffic gateways.

关键词： Load balancing performance database region virtualization

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Malicious Source Code Detection Using Transformer

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tsfaty, Chen Fire, Michael Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University

Open source code is considered a common practice in modern software development. However, reusing other code allows bad actors to access a wide developers' community, hence the products that rely on it. Those attacks are categorized as supply chain attacks. Recent years saw a growing number of supply chain attacks that leverage open source during software development, relaying the download and installation procedures, whether automatic or manual. Over the years, many approaches have been invented for detecting vulnerable packages. However, it is uncommon to detect malicious code within packages. Those detection approaches can be broadly categorized as analyzes that use (dynamic) and do not use (static) code execution. Here, we introduce Malicious Source code Detection using Transformers (MSDT) algorithm. MSDT is a novel static analysis based on a deep learning method that detects real-world code injection cases to source code packages. In this study, we used MSDT and a dataset with over 600,000 different functions to embed various functions and applied a clustering algorithm to the resulting vectors, detecting the malicious functions by detecting the outliers. We evaluated MSDT's performance by conducting extensive experiments and demonstrated that our algorithm is capable of detecting functions that were injected with malicious code with precision@k values of up to 0.909. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Static analysis

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bAdvertisement: Attacking Advanced Driver-Assistance systems Using Print Advertisements

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Nassi, Ben Shams, Jacob Netanel, Raz Ben Elovici, Yuval Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

In this paper, we present bAdvertisement, a novel attack method against advanced driver-assistance systems (ADASs). bAdvertisement is performed as a supply chain attack via a compromised computer in a printing house, by embedding a "phantom" object in a print advertisement. When the compromised print advertisement is observed by an ADAS in a passing car, an undesired reaction is triggered from the ADAS. We analyze state-of-the-art object detectors and show that they do not take color or context into account in object detection. Our validation of these findings on Mobileye 630 PRO shows that this ADAS also fails to take color or context into account. Then, we show how an attacker can take advantage of these findings to execute an attack on a commercial ADAS, by embedding a phantom road sign in a print advertisement, which causes a car equipped with Mobileye 630 PRO to trigger a false notification to slow down. Finally, we discuss multiple countermeasures which can be deployed in order to mitigate the effect of our proposed attack. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Patterns of Remote Work Environments 27

Patterns of Remote Work Environments

引用

2022 27th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs, EuroPLoP 2022

作者： Toldy, Kristian Sulaiman Khail, Waheedullah Vranic, Valentino Institute of Informatics Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Information Systems and Software Engineering Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie Gmbh Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450395946

People are more and more in a position to work remotely. They face the same problems of establishing and running remote work environments over and over again. In order to help them a bit, six organizational patterns of remote work environments are presented in this paper: Unofficial Meetings, Remote Mentor, Unified Communication Channels, Standard Operating Procedures, information Hub, and Cut Meetings. The patterns come from a firsthand remote work experience obtained in a company focusing on quality assurance through a crowd testing methodology where software companies get real users to test their newest products. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Quality assurance

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