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15th International Conference on Computer and Automation engineering, ICCAE 2023

作者： Zaki, Noureldeen M. Kamel, Mohamed S. Elsheshtawy, Mohamed A. Elhakim, Reda Omran, Walid Embedded Software Engineer at Valeo Powertrain Systems German University in Cairo Mechatronics Department Germany Chief Research and Innovation Engineer Research and Innovation Department Valeo Germany German University in Cairo Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350396225

Servo motors provide numerous benefits in robotic applications. They are small, powerful and easy to program. This paper aims to design an electronic driver for a DC servo motor for compliance usage to the human robot interaction and obstacles avoidance. The General and main aim is to Design an electronic driver for DC servo motor for compliance usage for the human robot interaction (HRI) and obstacles interaction. Firstly the main objective is to model a servo motor and to develop a full functioning standing alone software to provide compliance control. The driver must be capable of controlling the output torque (Force control Active Compliance) of the motor by setting a desired torque. Also Implementing a C library for the driver to make the end user-to-user experience able to attach the driver for any compliance robotic application. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Compliance control

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Performance Analysis of Model-Based Functional Identification on Modified Measuring Instruments

Performance Analysis of Model-Based Functional Identificatio...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference

作者： Levin Chee Xian Ho Marko Esche Martin Nischwitz Sabine Glesner Dep. Metrological IT Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Berlin Germany Software and Embedded Systems Engineering Technische Universitat Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350380903

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380910

Modern measuring instruments are increasingly de-fined by complex software and simple hardware sensors. Currently established mechanisms to identify such systems, however, involve manual labor to verify version numbers and hashes over executable code, which is time-consuming. By ensuring identical functional behavior between a certified prototype and devices in the field, it is possible to realize remote automatic quality control of measuring instruments, even if version numbers or hashes differ. As such, the manufacturers of instruments could introduce minor patches or bugfixes without the need of reidentifying and recertifying the complete updated devices. In this paper, we present an approach that enables quality control of updated measuring instruments based on the $L_{M}^{*}$ algorithm. With the algorithm, we infer a model that describes the functional behavior of an instrument by means of active automata learning. We analyze the performance of our approach with different test cases. It is envisioned that with our approach, we can pave the way towards realizing fully automatic quality control for software-driven measuring instruments.

关键词： Performance evaluation Instruments Learning automata Current measurement Prototypes Quality control software

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Towards Conducting Effective Locomotion Through Hardware Transformation in Head-Mounted-Device - A Review Study

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Gururaj, Y. Pawankumar Mittal, Raghav Karre, Sai Anirudh Reddy, Y. Raghu Azeemuddin, Syed Center for VLSI and Embedded Systems Technologies IIIT Hyderabad India Software Engineering Research Center IIIT Hyderabad India

Immersiveness is the main characteristic of Virtual Reality(VR) applications. Precise integration between hardware design and software are necessary for providing a seamless virtual experience. Allowing the user to navigate the VR scene using locomotion techniques is crucial for making such experiences 'immersive'. Locomotion in VR acts as a motion tracking unit for the user and simulates their movement in the virtual scene. These movements are commonly rotational, axial or translational based on the Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) of the application. To support effective locomotion, one of the primary challenges for VR practitioners is to transform their hardware from 3-DOF to 6-DOF or vice versa. We conducted a systematic review on different motion tracking methods employed in the Head-Mounted-Devices (HMD) to understand such hardware transformation. Our review discusses the fundamental aspects of the hardware-based transformation of HMDs to conduct virtual locomotion. Our observations led us to formulate a taxonomy of the tracking methods based on system design, which can eventually be used for the hardware transformation of HMDs. Our study also captures different metrics that VR practitioners use to evaluate the hardware based on the context, performance, and significance of its usage. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Human computer interaction

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Formal Timing Analysis and Verification of the Interrupt-driven Programs for ISO26262

Formal Timing Analysis and Verification of the Interrupt-dri...

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2025 2nd International Conference on Algorithms, software engineering and Network Security (ASENS)

作者： Qing She He Huang Shenglin Bao Xin Guo National Trusted Embedded Software Engineering Technology Research Center East China Normal University / Shanghai Huayuan Chuangxin Software Co. Ltd China High end Equipment Systems Department Shanghai Huayuan Chuangxin Software Co. Ltd China Basic Software Department East China Institute of Computing Technology China National Trusted Embedded Software Engineering Technology Research Center East China Normal University China

ISBN: (数字)9798331520298

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520304

Safety-critical systems refer to software systems whose operation can affect the safety of people and facilities used in the automotive industry, aerospace, and hospital health care systems. The high level of safety of software in the aforementioned fields has often drawn attention. ISO26262 has been issued for the automotive industry, which defines standards and procedures, including software level, software development standards, and software validation standards to ensure the high level of safety of software. In high-safety automotive software, a real-time safeguard requires the analysis of interrupt-driven programming. Such analysis presents a challenging and complex task because of the uncertainty of interrupts. In ISO26262, the formalized method is suggested to verify the process of software development. To achieve the verification goals defined in ISO26262, we use a formal method instead of traditional verification methods to analyze worst-case execution time. We analyze interrupt-driven programs from the perspective of timeliness and present the Interrupt Control Flow Graph (ICFG), which is used to describe the control flow of interrupt-driven programs. The execution of interrupts may largely increase the number of program states, potentially leading to state explosion, resulting in a sizable ICFG. To solve this problem, we propose an algorithm for reducing the size of ICFG. On the basis of the reduced ICFG, the worst-case execution path can be determined and thus be used to verify whether the program execution time exceeds the expected time and identify the execution path that may cause a timeout problem.

关键词： Industries Uncertainty software algorithms software systems Timing Flow graphs Standards Automotive engineering software development management software engineering

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Classification of Microorganisms from Sparsely Limited Data Using a Proposed Deep Learning Ensemble 7th

Classification of Microorganisms from Sparsely Limited Dat...

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7th International Conference on Inventive systems and Control, ICISC 2023

作者： Chettiar, Gautam Shukla, Amogh Patil, Hemprasad Jindal, Sumit Department of Communication Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India Department of Software Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India Department of Embedded Technology Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore632014 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819916238

With the recent advancements in medicine and biotechnology, there is always a growing need for more sophisticated decision systems to aid in certain biological factors, such as detecting a pathogen or microscopic organism and its accurate classification. In such a domain, there is very little tolerance for error, and the highest priority must be given to creating intelligent systems capable of doing so. Advancements in computer vision and other state-of-the-art image processing techniques enable computation systems to extract and analyze principal features from a specimen that even a trained eye may otherwise miss. There has also been an upsurge in the research on the applications of machine learning to aid in specific surgical procedures and diagnostic tests. Classifying organisms at the micro-scale is an essential stepping stone for their long-term success. The study aims to ensembling the best machine learning techniques and models in the computer vision domain, such as transfer learning, top-performing models, and image preprocessing methods, to maximize the capabilities of a typical image classification model for a sparse and limited multi-labeled class dataset containing microscopic images and hence shed light and explore into how more excellent performance can be obtained while facing classical dataset limitations. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Microorganisms

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Detailed Study of Different Degradation Stages of Bearings in a Practical Reference Dataset

Detailed Study of Different Degradation Stages of Bearings i...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Sebastian Schwendemann Andreas Rausch Axel Sikora Institute of Reliable Embedded Systems and Communication Electronics (ivESK) University of Applied Sciences Offenburg Offenburg Germany Institute for Software and Systems Engineering (ISSE) Clausthal University of Technology Clausthal Germany

The often-occurring short-term orders of manufactured products require a high machine availability. This requirement increases the importance of predictive maintenance solutions for bearings used in machines. There are, among others, hybrid solutions that rely on a physical model. For their usage, knowing the different degradation stages of bearings is essential. This research analyzes the underlying failure mechanisms of these stages theoretically and in a practical example of the well-known FEMTO dataset used for the IEEE PHM 2012 Data Challenge to provide this knowledge. In addition, it shows for which use cases the usage of low-frequency accelerometers is sufficient. The analysis provides that the degradation stages toward the end of the bearing life can also be detected with low-frequency accelerometers. Further, the importance of high-frequency accelerometers to detect bearing faults in early degradation stages is pointed out. These aspects have not been paid attention to by industry and research until now, despite providing a considerable cost-saving potential.

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A Distributed Task Scheduling Framework for Edge Computing and Cyber-Physical systems

A Distributed Task Scheduling Framework for Edge Computing a...

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Euromicro Conference on software engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Milko Monecke Varun Gowtham Thomas Magedanz Software and Embedded Systems Engineering Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany Next Generation Networks (AV) Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

The continuously increasing amount of sensors in cyber-physical systems requires efficient edge computing architectures which follow the paradigm to process data where it emerges. Encapsulated software functions enable the unrestricted allocation of software functions to the edge, but lack real-time execution semantics and a real-time scheduling algorithm. In general, the allocation and scheduling of multiple constraint tasks in a distributed execution environment is classified as NP-complete. Nevertheless, by using prior knowledge, we are able to set up an optimal scheduling algorithm which leads to a highly reduced time complexity. Thus, our efficient approach enables modularity even for safety-critical real-time systems.

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Cases for explainable software systems: Characteristics and examples

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sadeghi, Mersedeh Klös, Verena Vogelsang, Andreas Software and Systems Engineering University of Cologne Cologne Germany Software and Embedded Systems Engineering Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

The need for systems to explain behavior to users has become more evident with the rise of complex technology like machine learning or self-adaptation. In general, the need for an explanation arises when the behavior of a system does not match the user's expectations. However, there may be several reasons for a mismatch including errors, goal conflicts, or multi-agent interference. Given the various situations, we need precise and agreed descriptions of explanation needs as well as benchmarks to align research on explainable systems. In this paper, we present a taxonomy that structures needs for an explanation according to different reasons. We focus on explanations to improve the user interaction with the system. For each leaf node in the taxonomy, we provide a scenario that describes a concrete situation in which a software system should provide an explanation. These scenarios, called explanation cases, illustrate the different demands for explanations. Our taxonomy can guide the requirements elicitation for explanation capabilities of interactive intelligent systems and our explanation cases build the basis for a common benchmark. We are convinced that both, the taxonomy and the explanation cases, help the community to align future research on explainable systems. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Taxonomies

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Development, Implementation and Control of Active Compliance on Servo Motors in Robotics Applications

Development, Implementation and Control of Active Compliance...

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International Conference on Computer and Automation engineering, ICCAE

作者： Noureldeen M. Zaki Mohamed S. Kamel Mohamed A. ElSheshtawy Reda ElHakim Walid Omran Embedded Software Engineer at Valeo Powertrain Systems Mechatronics Department German University in Cairo Research and Innovation Department Valeo Chief Research and Innovation Engineer Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science German University in Cairo

关键词： Actuators Torque Force Human-robot interaction Rectifiers Mathematical models Safety

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Optimized Hardware/software Co-Verification using the UCLID Satisfiability Modulo Theory Solver 29

Optimized Hardware/Software Co-Verification using the UCLID ...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE 2020

作者： Schwan, Simon Herber, Paula Technische Universität Berlin Software and Embedded Systems Engineering Group Berlin Germany University of Münster Embedded Systems Group Münster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169750

embedded systems are often used in safety-critical applications like cars or airplanes. This makes it crucial to verify their hardware and software under all circumstances. In previous work, we have presented an approach for the formal verification of integrated hardware/software systems using the satisfiability modulo theory solving based verification system UCLID. However, the transformation of integrated hardware/software systems into the input language of the UCLID verification system causes a considerable overhead in the number of symbolic simulation steps necessary for k-inductive verification. In this paper, we overcome this problem by presenting two optimizations for the symbolic simulation of cooperatively scheduled concurrent processes: First, we realize a reduction of redundant states in individual functions that respects all data, control and inter-process dependencies. To capture these dependencies precisely, we present the novel concept of a cooperative dominator tree, which extends the classical concept of a dominator tree to cooperatively scheduled concurrent processes. Second, we present a process parallelization for cooperatively scheduled concurrent processes based on a SystemC dependence graph. In our evaluation based on a set of 21 synthetic case studies, we reach an average reduction of the inductive verification times by 40 %. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Formal verification

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