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On learning the right attention point for feature enhancement

Science China(information Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 131-143页

作者： Liqiang LIN Pengdi HUANG Chi-Wing FU Kai XU Hao ZHANG Hui HUANG College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University

We present a novel attention-based mechanism to learn enhanced point features for point cloud processing tasks, e.g., classification and segmentation. Unlike prior studies, which were trained to optimize the weights of a pre-selected set of attention points, our approach learns to locate the best attention points to maximize the performance of a specific task, e.g., point cloud classification. Importantly, we advocate the use of single attention point to facilitate semantic understanding in point feature learning. Specifically,we formulate a new and simple convolution, which combines convolutional features from an input point and its corresponding learned attention point(LAP). Our attention mechanism can be easily incorporated into state-of-the-art point cloud classification and segmentation networks. Extensive experiments on common benchmarks, such as Model Net40, Shape Net Part, and S3DIS, all demonstrate that our LAP-enabled networks consistently outperform the respective original networks, as well as other competitive alternatives, which employ multiple attention points, either pre-selected or learned under our LAP framework.

关键词： point convolution feature enhancement attention point deep neural network

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Committed-programming reductions: formalizations,implications and relations

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Science China(information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 151-171页

作者： Jiang ZHANG Yu YU Dengguo FENG Shuqin FAN Zhenfeng ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Cryptology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Trusted Computing and Information Assurance Laboratory Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of Sciences

In this work, we introduce a class of black-box(BB) reductions called committed-programming reduction(CPRed) in the random oracle model(ROM) and obtain the following interesting results:(1) we demonstrate that some well-known schemes, including the full-domain hash(FDH) signature(Eurocrypt1996) and the Boneh-Franklin identity-based encryption(IBE) scheme(Crypto 2001), are provably secure under CPReds;(2) we prove that a CPRed associated with an instance-extraction algorithm implies a reduction in the quantum ROM(QROM). This unifies several recent results, including the security of the Gentry-Peikert-Vaikuntanathan IBE scheme by Zhandry(Crypto 2012) and the key encapsulation mechanism(KEM) variants using the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform by Jiang et al.(Crypto 2018) in the ***, we show that CPReds are incomparable to non-programming reductions(NPReds) and randomly-programming reductions(RPReds) formalized by Fischlin et al.(Asiacrypt 2010).

关键词： provable security random oracle model quantum random oracle model black-box reduction/separation programmability

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Multi-dimensional information-driven many-objective software remodularization approach

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Frontiers of computer Science 2023年第3期17卷 45-62页

作者： Amarjeet PRAJAPATI Anshu PARASHAR Amit RATHEE Department of Computer Science Engineering&Information Technology Jaypee Istitute of Information TechnologyNoida 201307India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPunjab 147004India Department of Computer Science Government College BarotaHaryana 131301India

Most of the search-based software remodularization(SBSR)approaches designed to address the software remodularization problem(SRP)areutilizing only structural information-based coupling and cohesion quality ***,in practice apart from these quality criteria,there require other aspects of coupling and cohesion quality criteria such as lexical and changed-history in designing the modules of the software ***,consideration of limited aspects of software information in the SBSR may generate a sub-optimal modularization ***,such modularization can be good from the quality metrics perspective but may not be acceptable to the *** produce a remodularization solution acceptable from both quality metrics and developers’perspectives,this paper exploited more dimensions of software information to define the quality criteria as modularization ***,these objectives are simultaneously optimized using a tailored manyobjective artificial bee colony(MaABC)to produce a remodularization *** assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach,we applied it over five software *** obtained remodularization solutions are evaluated with the software quality metrics and developers view of *** demonstrate that the proposed software remodularization is an effective approach for generating good quality modularization solutions.

关键词： software restructuring remodularization multiobjective optimization software coupling and cohesion

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Deep Learning-Based Trees Disease Recognition and Classification Using Hyperspectral Data

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 681-697页

作者： Uzair Aslam Bhatti Sibghat Ullah Bazai Shumaila Hussain Shariqa Fakhar Chin Soon Ku Shah Marjan Por Lip Yee Liu Jing College of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Department of Computer Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management Sciences(BUITEMS)QuettaPakistan Department of Computer Science Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s UniversityQuettaPakistan Department of Computer Science Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanKampar31900Malaysia Department of Software Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management Sciences(BUITEMS)QuettaPakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

Crop diseases have a significant impact on plant growth and can lead to reduced *** methods of disease detection rely on the expertise of plant protection experts,which can be subjective and dependent on individual experience and *** address this,the use of digital image recognition technology and deep learning algorithms has emerged as a promising approach for automating plant disease *** this paper,we propose a novel approach that utilizes a convolutional neural network(CNN)model in conjunction with Inception v3 to identify plant leaf *** research focuses on developing a mobile application that leverages this mechanism to identify diseases in plants and provide recommendations for overcoming specific *** models were trained using a dataset consisting of 80,848 images representing 21 different plant leaves categorized into 60 distinct *** rigorous training and evaluation,the proposed system achieved an impressive accuracy rate of 99%.This mobile application serves as a convenient and valuable advisory tool,providing early detection and guidance in real agricultural *** significance of this research lies in its potential to revolutionize plant disease detection and management *** automating the identification process through deep learning algorithms,the proposed system eliminates the subjective nature of expert-based diagnosis and reduces dependence on individual *** integration of mobile technology further enhances accessibility and enables farmers and agricultural practitioners to swiftly and accurately identify diseases in their crops.

关键词： Plant disease Inception v3 CNN crop diseases

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Principle of subtraction ghost imaging in scattering medium

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第6期32卷 250-254页

作者：付芹白艳锋谭威黄贤伟南苏琴傅喜泉 College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Computer and Information Engineering Hunan University of Technology and BusinessChangsha 410205China

Scattering medium in light path will cause distortion of the light field,resulting in poor signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of ghost *** disturbance is usually eliminated by the method of *** deduce the intensity fluctuation correlation function of the ghost imaging with the disturbance of the scattering medium,which proves that the ghost image consists of two correlated results:the image of scattering medium and the target *** effect of the scattering medium can be eliminated by subtracting the correlated result between the light field after the scattering medium and the reference light from ghost image,which verifies the theoretical *** research may provide a new idea of ghost imaging in harsh environment.

关键词： ghost imaging image reconstruction techniques scattering medium

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A Novel CAPTCHA Recognition System Based on Refined Visual Attention

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 115-136页

作者： Zaid Derea Beiji Zou Xiaoyan Kui Monir Abdullah Alaa Thobhani Amr Abdussalam School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China College of Computer Science and Information Technology Wasit UniversityWasit52001Iraq Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBisha67714Saudi Arabia Electronic Engineering and Information Science Department University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Improving website security to prevent malicious online activities is crucial,and CAPTCHA(Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell computers and Humans Apart)has emerged as a key strategy for distinguishing human users from automated ***-based CAPTCHAs,designed to be easily decipherable by humans yet challenging for machines,are a common form of this ***,advancements in deep learning have facilitated the creation of models adept at recognizing these text-based CAPTCHAs with surprising *** our comprehensive investigation into CAPTCHA recognition,we have tailored the renowned UpDown image captioning model specifically for this *** approach innovatively combines an encoder to extract both global and local features,significantly boosting the model’s capability to identify complex details within CAPTCHA *** the decoding phase,we have adopted a refined attention mechanism,integrating enhanced visual attention with dual layers of Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)networks to elevate CAPTCHA recognition *** rigorous testing across four varied datasets,including those from Weibo,BoC,Gregwar,and Captcha 0.3,demonstrates the versatility and effectiveness of our *** results not only highlight the efficiency of our approach but also offer profound insights into its applicability across different CAPTCHA types,contributing to a deeper understanding of CAPTCHA recognition technology.

关键词： Text-based CAPTCHA recognition refined visual attention web security computer vision

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Improving Thyroid Disorder Diagnosis via Ensemble Stacking and Bidirectional Feature Selection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4225-4241页

作者： Muhammad Armghan Latif Zohaib Mushtaq Saad Arif Sara Rehman Muhammad Farrukh Qureshi Nagwan Abdel Samee Maali Alabdulhafith Yeong Hyeon Gu Mohammed A.Al-masni Department of Computer and Information System Cleveland State UniversityOhio44115USA Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer SystemsCollege of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Engineering Riphah International UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Riphah International UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Artificial Intelligence College of Software and Convergence TechnologySejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Thyroid disorders represent a significant global health challenge with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism as two common conditions arising from dysfunction in the thyroid *** and timely diagnosis of these disorders is crucial for effective treatment and patient *** research introduces a comprehensive approach to improve the accuracy of thyroid disorder diagnosis through the integration of ensemble stacking and advanced feature selection *** forward feature selection,sequential backward feature elimination,and bidirectional feature elimination are investigated in this *** ensemble learning,random forest,adaptive boosting,and bagging classifiers are *** effectiveness of these techniques is evaluated using two different datasets obtained from the University of California Irvine-Machine Learning Repository,both of which undergo preprocessing steps,including outlier removal,addressing missing data,data cleansing,and feature *** experimentation demonstrates the remarkable success of proposed ensemble stacking and bidirectional feature elimination achieving 100%and 99.86%accuracy in identifying hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism,*** enhancing detection accuracy,the ensemble stacking model also demonstrated a streamlined computational complexity which is pivotal for practical medical *** significantly outperformed existing studies with similar objectives underscoring the viability and effectiveness of the proposed *** research offers an innovative perspective and sets the platform for improved thyroid disorder diagnosis with broader implications for healthcare and patient well-being.

关键词： Ensemble learning random forests boosting dimensionality reduction machine learning smart healthcare computer aided diagnosis

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Conditional Generative Adversarial Network Approach for Autism Prediction

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computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第1期44卷 741-755页

作者： K.Chola Raja S.Kannimuthu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Eshwar College of EngineeringCoimbatore641202TamilnaduIndia Department of Information Technology Karpagam College of EngineeringCoimbatore641032TamilnaduIndia

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)requires a precise diagnosis in order to be managed and ***-invasive neuroimaging methods are disease markers that can be used to help diagnose *** majority of available techniques in the literature use functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)to detect ASD with a small dataset,resulting in high accuracy but low *** supervised machine learning classification algorithms such as support vector machines function well with unstructured and semi structured data such as text,images,and videos,but their performance and robustness are restricted by the size of the accompanying training *** learning on the other hand creates an artificial neural network that can learn and make intelligent judgments on its own by layering *** takes use of plentiful low-cost computing and many approaches are focused with very big datasets that are concerned with creating far larger and more sophisticated neural *** modelling,also known as Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs),is an unsupervised deep learning task that entails automatically discovering and learning regularities or patterns in input data in order for the model to generate or output new examples that could have been drawn from the original *** are an exciting and rapidly changingfield that delivers on the promise of generative models in terms of their ability to generate realistic examples across a range of problem domains,most notably in image-to-image translation tasks and hasn't been explored much for Autism spectrum disorder prediction in the *** this paper,we present a novel conditional generative adversarial network,or cGAN for short,which is a form of GAN that uses a generator model to conditionally generate *** terms of prediction and accuracy,they outperform the standard *** pro-posed model is 74%more accurate than the traditional methods and takes only around 10 min for training even with a huge dat

关键词： Autism classification attributes imaging adversarial fMRI functional graph neural networks

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Congruent Feature Selection Method to Improve the Efficacy of Machine Learning-Based Classification in Medical Image Processing

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 357-384页

作者： Mohd Anjum Naoufel Kraiem Hong Min Ashit Kumar Dutta Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh Department of Computer Engineering Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia School of Computing Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering and Information College of Engineering in Wadi AlddawasirPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16273Saudi Arabia

Machine learning(ML)is increasingly applied for medical image processing with appropriate learning *** applications include analyzing images of various organs,such as the brain,lung,eye,etc.,to identify specific flaws/diseases for *** primary concern of ML applications is the precise selection of flexible image features for pattern detection and region *** of the extracted image features are irrelevant and lead to an increase in computation ***,this article uses an analytical learning paradigm to design a Congruent Feature Selection Method to select the most relevant image *** process trains the learning paradigm using similarity and correlation-based features over different textural intensities and pixel *** similarity between the pixels over the various distribution patterns with high indexes is recommended for disease ***,the correlation based on intensity and distribution is analyzed to improve the feature selection ***,the more congruent pixels are sorted in the descending order of the selection,which identifies better regions than the ***,the learning paradigm is trained using intensity and region-based similarity to maximize the chances of ***,the probability of feature selection,regardless of the textures and medical image patterns,is *** process enhances the performance of ML applications for different medical image *** proposed method improves the accuracy,precision,and training rate by 13.19%,10.69%,and 11.06%,respectively,compared to other models for the selected *** mean error and selection time is also reduced by 12.56%and 13.56%,respectively,compared to the same models and dataset.

关键词： computer vision feature selection machine learning region detection texture analysis image classification medical images

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Flood Inundation Range Prediction Method Based on SRR-Informer 13th

Flood Inundation Range Prediction Method Based on SRR-Inform...

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13th International Conference on AI and Multimodal Services, AIMS 2024, Held as Part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2024

作者： Liu, Han Chen, Zhihao Sun, Qi College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031776809

Flood forecasting methods based on deep learning rely on a large number of observational data, and are facing serious challenges in areas with scarce data. Aiming at the problems of flood inundated range prediction in areas with scarce data, this paper proposes a flood inundated range prediction method based on spatial reduction reconstruction (SRR) and improved deep attention neural network (Informer) to reduce the data requirements of the two core parts of water level simulation and spatial modeling. It alleviates the problem of insufficient observational data for flood inundation range prediction in areas with scarce data. This method obtains the dependency relationship of long time series data through Informer model, and inserts the built-in input selection layer to reduce the number of parameters in the model, reducing the data requirement of water level simulation. At the same time, the SRR algorithm is used to select the representative locations that are easy to be inundated in the basin, which reduces the number of locations required for spatial modeling of flood inundation range and the corresponding data requirements. The experimental results show that this method can improve the accuracy of flood inundation range prediction and speed up the efficiency of the model. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Prediction models

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