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29th IEEE International Conference on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE 2020

作者： Schwan, Simon Herber, Paula Technische Universität Berlin Software and Embedded Systems Engineering Group Berlin Germany University of Münster Embedded Systems Group Münster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169750

embedded systems are often used in safety-critical applications like cars or airplanes. This makes it crucial to verify their hardware and software under all circumstances. In previous work, we have presented an approach for the formal verification of integrated hardware/software systems using the satisfiability modulo theory solving based verification system UCLID. However, the transformation of integrated hardware/software systems into the input language of the UCLID verification system causes a considerable overhead in the number of symbolic simulation steps necessary for k-inductive verification. In this paper, we overcome this problem by presenting two optimizations for the symbolic simulation of cooperatively scheduled concurrent processes: First, we realize a reduction of redundant states in individual functions that respects all data, control and inter-process dependencies. To capture these dependencies precisely, we present the novel concept of a cooperative dominator tree, which extends the classical concept of a dominator tree to cooperatively scheduled concurrent processes. Second, we present a process parallelization for cooperatively scheduled concurrent processes based on a SystemC dependence graph. In our evaluation based on a set of 21 synthetic case studies, we reach an average reduction of the inductive verification times by 40 %. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Formal verification

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Receding Horizon Control Using Graph Search for Multi-Agent Trajectory Planning

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Scheffe, Patrick de Andrade Pedrosa, Matheus Vitor Flaßkamp, Kathrin Alrifaee, Bassam Embedded Software RWTH Aachen University Germany Systems Modeling and Simulation Systems Engineering Saarland University Germany

It is hard to find the global optimum of general nonlinear and nonconvex optimization problems in a reasonable time. This paper presents a method to transfer the receding horizon control approach, where nonlinear, nonconvex optimization problems are considered, into graph-search problems. Specifically, systems with symmetries are considered to transfer system dynamics into a finite-state automaton. In contrast to traditional graph-search approaches where the search continues until the goal vertex is found, the transfer of a receding horizon control approach to graph-search problems presented in this paper allows to solve them in real-time. We prove that the solutions are recursively feasible by restricting the graph search to end in accepting states of the underlying finite-state automaton. The approach is applied to trajectory planning for multiple networked and autonomous vehicles. We evaluate its effectiveness in simulation as well as in experiments in the Cyber-Physical Mobility Lab, an open-source platform for networked and autonomous vehicles. We show real-time capable trajectory planning with collision avoidance in experiments on off-the-shelf hardware and code in MATLAB for two vehicles. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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How to characterize imprecision in multi-view clustering?

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Jinyi Zhang, Zuowei Lin, Ze Chen, Yixiang Liu, Zhe Ding, Weiping Department of Embedded Software and Systems Software Engineering Institute East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Institute de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires Rennes35042 France Institute de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires University of Rennes 1 Lannion22300 France School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan University Haikou570228 China Nantong University Nantong226019 China

It is still challenging to cluster multi-view data since existing methods can only assign an object to a specific (singleton) cluster when combining different view information. As a result, it fails to characterize imprecision of objects in overlapping regions of different clusters, thus leading to a high risk of errors. In this paper, we thereby want to answer the question: how to characterize imprecision in multi-view clustering? Correspondingly, we propose a multi-view low-rank evidential c-means based on entropy constraint (MvLRECM). The proposed MvLRECM can be considered as a multi-view version of evidential c-means based on the theory of belief functions. In MvLRECM, each object is allowed to belong to different clusters with various degrees of support (masses of belief) to characterize uncertainty when decision-making. Moreover, if an object is in the overlapping region of several singleton clusters, it can be assigned to a meta-cluster, defined as the union of these singleton clusters, to characterize the local imprecision in the result. In addition, entropy-weighting and low-rank constraints are employed to reduce imprecision and improve accuracy. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the effectiveness of MvLRECM is demonstrated based on several toy and UCI real datasets. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Capabilities and Skills in Manufacturing: A Survey Over the Last Decade of ETFA

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Froschauer, Roman Köcher, Aljosha Meixner, Kristof Schmitt, Siwara Spitzer, Fabian Christian-Doppler-Laboratory SQI Information and Software Engineering TU Wien Vienna Austria Institute of Automation Helmut Schmidt University Hamburg Germany Center of Excellence for Smart Production University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria Wels Austria Embedded Systems Engineering Fraunhofer IESE Kaiserslautern Germany

Industry 4.0 envisions Cyber-Physical Production systems (CPPSs) to foster adaptive production of mass-customizable products. Manufacturing approaches based on capabilities and skills aim to support this adaptability by encapsulating machine functions and decoupling them from specific production processes. At the 2022 IEEE conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), a special session on capability- and skill-based manufacturing is hosted for the fourth time. However, an overview on capability- and skill based systems in factory automation and manufacturing systems is missing. This paper aims to provide such an overview and give insights to this particular field of research. We conducted a concise literature survey of papers covering the topics of capabilities and skills in manufacturing from the last ten years of the ETFA conference. We found 247 papers with a notion on capabilities and skills and identified and analyzed 34 relevant papers which met this survey’s inclusion criteria. In this paper, we provide (i) an overview of the research field, (ii) an analysis of the characteristics of capabilities and skills, and (iii) a discussion on gaps and opportunities. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Factory automation

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Dynamic Process Planning using Digital Twins and Reinforcement Learning

Dynamic Process Planning using Digital Twins and Reinforceme...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Zai Müller-Zhang Pablo Oliveira Antonino Thomas Kuhn Embedded Software Engineering Fraunhofer IESE Kaiserslautern Germany Division Embedded Systems Fraunhofer IESE Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728189567

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189574

In order to enable changeable production of Industry 4.0 applications, a production system should respond to unpredictable changes quickly and adequately. This requires process planning to be performed based on the real time operating conditions and dynamic changes to be handled with cognitive skills. To meet this demand, we present a process planning approach using digital twins and reinforcement learning to derive near-optimal process plans. The digital twins enable access to real-time information about the production system. They also constitute the environment for training the agent of the reinforcement learning method. The environment works as a virtual plant, containing the attributes of the product and resources, and uses simulation models of the resources to calculate the reward for an action in terms of reinforcement learning. Reinforcement learning enables our approach to derive process plans via trial and error. Besides the virtual plant, our approach has a planner, which plays the role of the agent to derive near-optimal plans by trying different actions in the virtual plant, and observes the rewards. We apply the Q-learning algorithm to derive near optimal process plans. The evaluation results show that our approach is able to derive near-optimal process plans for different problem sizes. The evaluation also demonstrated the planner's ability to identify by itself which action to take in which situation. Consequently, no modeling of the preconditions and effects of the actions is necessary.

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What engineers must know about data science

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Plant engineering 2020年 11-13页

作者： Fahnestock, Sam Kuzemchak, Ed Software Design Solutions United States IIoT Embedded Systems Engineering Software Design Solutions An Applied Visions company United States

Not long ago, the Plant engineering and Control engineering brands of CFE Media & Technology presented a webcast on "What engineers must know about data science." Speakers on the webcast were Ed Kuzemchak, CTO and director of IIoT and embedded systems engineering and Sam Fahnestock, engineering manager and lead security engineer, both at software Design Solutions (SDS), an Applied Visions Co.

关键词： Engineers

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The organic computing doctoral dissertation colloquium: Status and overview in 2019 49

The organic computing doctoral dissertation colloquium: Stat...

引用

49. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Informatik: 50 Jahre Gesellschaft fur Informatik - Informatik fur Gesellschaft, INFORMATIK 2019 - 49th Annual Meeting of the German Informatics Society: 50 years of the German Informatics Society - Computer Science for Society, INFORMATICS 2019

作者： Krupitzer, Christian Tomforde, Sven Software Engineering Group Universitat Wurzburg Germany Intelligent Embedded Systems Universitat Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885796893

Today, people are surrounded by smart and connected devices. Gartner Inc. estimated that 8.4 billion devices were connected in the Internet-of-Things worldwide in 2017, reaching 20.4 billion by 2020. The growing number of mobile and embedded devices in combination with the omnipresence of (wireless) network connections facilitates new applications, such as autonomous driving, ambient assisted living/smart home, or Industry 4.0. However, it requires integration of all available, highly specialised, and heterogeneous devices, ranging from embedded sensor nodes to servers in the cloud. Further, the inclusion of data streams with sensor data and web data leads to an increasing complexity in system development. Additionally, as these systems are mobile, changing environmental conditions increase the complexity even further. Organic Computing systems are able to deal with such systems and lower the complexity for their development by introducing methods for integrating adaptiveness and intelligence to computing systems. This workshops brings together PhD students from different research streams related to Organic Computing with the objective to represent the wide Aeld of research in the domain of adaptive and intelligence systems. © 2019 Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI). All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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User Interaction Aware Reinforcement Learning for Power and Thermal Efficiency of CPU-GPU Mobile MPSoCs

User Interaction Aware Reinforcement Learning for Power and ...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Somdip Dey Amit Kumar Singh Xiaohang Wang Klaus McDonald-Maier Embedded and Intelligent Systems Laboratory University of Essex School of Software Engineering South China University of Technology

ISBN: (数字)9783981926347

ISBN: (纸本)9781728144689

Mobile user's usage behaviour changes throughout the day and the desirable Quality of Service (QoS) could thus change for each session. In this paper, we propose a QoS aware agent to monitor mobile user's usage behaviour to find the target frame rate, which satisfies the desired user's QoS, and applies reinforcement learning based DVFS on a CPU-GPU MPSoC to satisfy the frame rate requirement. Experimental study on a real Exynos hardware platform shows that our proposed agent is able to achieve a maximum of 50% power saving and 29% reduction in peak temperature compared to stock Android's power saving scheme. It also outperforms the existing state-of-the-art power and thermal management scheme by 41% and 19%, respectively.

关键词： Quality of service Power demand Graphics processing units Reinforcement learning Facebook Performance evaluation Thermal management

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Design and demonstration of an operating system for executing applications on quantum network nodes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Donne, Carlo Delle Iuliano, Mariagrazia van der Vecht, Bart Ferreira, Guilherme M. Jirovská, Hana van der Steenhoven, Thom J.W. Dahlberg, Axel Skrzypczyk, Matt Fioretto, Dario Teller, Markus Filippov, Pavel Montblanch, Alejandro R.-P. Fischer, Julius van Ommen, H. Benjamin Demetriou, Nicolas Leichtle, Dominik Music, Luka Ollivier, Harold te Raa, Ingmar Kozlowski, Wojciech Taminiau, Tim H. Pawelczak, Przemyslaw Northup, Tracy E. Hanson, Ronald Wehner, Stephanie QuTech Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CJ Netherlands Quantum Computer Science Department of Software Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft2628 XE Netherlands Embedded Systems Department of Software Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft2628 XE Netherlands Institut für Experimentalphysik Universität Innsbruck Technikerstraße 25 Innsbruck6020 Austria QAT DIENS Ecole Normale Supérieure PSL University CNRS INRIA. 45 rue d’Ulm Paris75005 France LIP6 CNRS Sorbonne Université 4 Place Jussieu Paris75005 France

The goal of future quantum networks is to enable new internet applications that are impossible to achieve using solely classical communication[1, 2, 3]. Up to now, demonstrations of quantum network applications[4, 5, 6] and functionalities[7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12] on quantum processors have been performed in ad-hoc software that was specific to the experimental setup, programmed to perform one single task (the application experiment) directly into low-level control devices using expertise in experimental physics. Here, we report on the design and implementation of the first architecture capable of executing quantum network applications on quantum processors in platform-independent high-level software. We demonstrate the architecture’s capability to execute applications in high-level software, by implementing it as a quantum network operating system – QNodeOS – and executing test programs including a delegated computation from a client to a server[13] on two quantum network nodes based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond[14, 15]. We show how our architecture allows us to maximize the use of quantum network hardware, by multitasking different applications on a quantum network for the first time. Our architecture can be used to execute programs on any quantum processor platform corresponding to our system model, which we illustrate by demonstrating an additional driver for QNodeOS for a trapped-ion quantum network node based on a single 40Ca+atom[16]. Our architecture lays the groundwork for computer science research in the domain of quantum network programming, and paves the way for the development of software that can bring quantum network technology to society. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trapped ions

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Automated selection of software refactorings that improve performance 13

Automated selection of software refactorings that improve pe...

引用

13th International Conference on software Technologies, ICSOFT 2018

作者： Moesus, Nikolai Scholze, Matthias Schlesinger, Sebastian Herber, Paula QMETHODS - Business IT Consulting GmbH Berlin Germany Software and Embedded Systems Engineering Technische Universität Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789897583209

Performance is a critical property of a program. While there exist refactorings that have the potential to significantly increase the performance of a program, it is hard to decide which refactorings effectively yield improvements. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the automated detection and selection of refactorings that are promising candidates to improve performance. Our key idea is to provide a heuristics that utilizes software properties determined by both static code analyses and dynamic software analyses to compile a list of concrete refactorings sorted by their assessed potential to improve performance. The expected performance improvement of a concrete refactoring depends on two factors: the execution frequency of the respective piece of code, and the effectiveness of the refactoring itself. To assess the latter, namely the general effectiveness of a given set of refactorings, we have implemented a set of micro benchmarks and measured the effect of each refactoring on computation time and memory consumption. We demonstrate the practical applicability of our overall approach with experimental results. Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved

关键词： Static analysis

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