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ELECTRICA 2022年第2期22卷 237-243页

作者： Efeoglu, Ebru Tuna, Gurkan Kutahya Dumlupinar Univ Dept Software Engn Kutahya Turkey Trakya Univ Dept Comp Programming Edirne Turkey

With the advancement of technology, the use of machine learning techniques has increased. The need for the prevention of terrorist attacks has brought upon the use of machine learning techniques to explosive detection. Flammable liquids such as alcohol are easily available and widely used in various terrorist attacks. In this study, a new microwave measurement system is developed and a hybrid clustering approach is proposed to classify liquids. With the proposed measurement system, the reflection coefficient (S-11 parameter) of liquids in bottles is measured at room temperature and these measurements are used as inputs by the proposed clustering algorithm. The results obtained using the proposed clustering algorithm are compared with the results obtained using a set of well-known clustering algorithms, that is, K-means, hierarchical clustering, farthest first, and fuzzy C-means, in order to make a fair comparison. The results show that the proposed clustering algorithm provides 100% accuracy and is superior to the well-known algorithms used in this study. The results will enable us to manufacture a low-cost liquid scanner for railway stations and shopping malls as well as small airports. The proposed liquid scanner's design was completed, and the manufacturing phase has been started.

关键词： Accuracy explosive liquids flammable liquids hybrid clustering algorithm liquid classification

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Realizing Scenario-Based Verification Tests of Automated Vehicles With an Ai-Controlled Surrounding Vehicle in a Practice-Relevant Context 27

Realizing Scenario-Based Verification Tests of Automated Veh...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2024

作者： Beringhoff, Felix Greenyer, Joel Roesener, Christian Tichy, Matthias Volkswagen Ag Wolfsburg Germany Fhdw Hannover Hannover30173 Germany Institute for Software Engineering and Programming Languages Ulm University Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505929

Scenario-based testing is seen as a key for the verification and validation of automated vehicles (AV). In a test scenario, the AV is tested under pre-defined traffic conditions. However, realizing those traffic conditions is challenging due to the autonomously behaving AV. The AV decides on its own, whether it gets into the test scenario conditions at all, e.g., by deciding on which lane it wants to drive or at which velocity it is driving. In order to influence the AV's decision making in a required way to realize a test scenario condition, we implement a novel AI method for controlling a surrounding vehicle (SV) of the AV. The AI-controlled SV (AISV) consists of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent which is trained to, e.g., nudge the AV into changing lanes. In contrast to current common practice, this approach does not require the manual tailoring of triggers and actions for controlling the SV. In this paper, we report on a working design of the RL framework and experiments regarding three different training scopes for the RL agent. We distinguish specialized agents which are trained to reach a single scenario condition and two sorts of generalized agents which shall be capable of reaching a set of scenario conditions. The results show that specialized agents perform the best with a success rate of up to 100 %. However, the generalized agents perform better in realizing scenario conditions which are not known to the agent from training. We also report on an implementation of the approach in a hardware-in-the-loop-simulation (HIL) test bench used in industrial practice and discuss a first try-out. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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A key review on security and privacy of big data: issues, challenges, and future research directions

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SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING 2023年第4期17卷 1335-1343页

作者： Demiroll, Doygun Das, Resul Hanbay, Davut Bingo Univ Dept Comp Programming TR-12000 Bingol Turkey Firat Univ Dept Software Engn TR-23119 Elazig Turkey Inonu Univ Dept Comp Engn TR-44000 Malatya Turkey

Big data collection means collecting large volumes of data to have insight into better business decisions and greater customer satisfaction. Securing big data is difficult not just because of the large amount of data it handles, but also because of the continuous streaming of data, multiple types of data, and cloud-based data storage. Additionally, traditional security and privacy methods are insufficient due to large data volume, speed, and data from different sources. In this study, we focused on the security and privacy issues of big data. To this end, many related articles published in the literature have been extensively examined. Moreover, within the scope of big data, data security and privacy practices, current technologies, and methods are presented. Furthermore, we present an analysis of the security requirements of big data and the elimination of security vulnerabilities against cyber attacks.

关键词： Big data analytics Security Privacy Big data applications

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A scientometric analysis of reviews on the Internet of Things

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2025年第6期81卷 1-35页

作者： Jain, Sarika Sukul, Priyanka Groppe, Jinghua Warnke, Benjamin Harde, Pooja Jangid, Ritik Rehan, Waqas Cotrado, Yuri Fischer, Stefan Groppe, Sven Natl Inst Technol Kurukshetra India Univ Lubeck Inst Informat Syst IFIS Lubeck Germany Cent Univ Rajasthan Ajmer India Univ Lubeck Inst Software Engn & Programming Languages ISP Lubeck Germany Univ Lubeck Inst Telematics ITM Lubeck Germany

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is redefining our lives, allowing us to make "smart" decisions. This boom has also gained popularity in academic research, one of the core goals being to make IoT research more accessible to students and early researchers, while making sure that experienced researchers keep up with the changes happening in the research area. A large number of review papers are available covering surveys related to IoT vision enabling technologies, applications, key features, and future directions. Nevertheless, there is a lack of analysis of these reviews. This study provides a scientometric analysis of already available reviews in the field of IoT to identify upcoming research needs and bring simplicity to literature research. In total, 964 review articles in the field of IoT written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals and conferences from 2010 to April 2023 have been finalized from the Google Scholar database. Three broad categories of analysis have been performed on the 964 relevant collected literature, namely (a) statistical;(b) machine learning-based;and (c) evaluative analysis. An important differentiating feature of the current study is the use of machine learning for data exploration, thereby providing better interpretation. We find that the trend to review the field of IoT has increased in the last five years with only one article in 2010. This article identifies and quantifies the knowledge gaps to inform the community, industry, and government authorities about research directions for IoT. Furthermore, this scientometric analysis serves as a foundational resource for IoT researchers in identifying relevant and important survey papers that target their research fields in IoT.

关键词： Internet of Things Literature research Scientometric analysis Review Machine learning

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On domain generators for the evaluation of action reversibility in STRIPS

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ANNALS OF MATHEMATICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2024年 1-28页

作者： Schwartz, Tobias Boockmann, Jan H. Martin, Leon Univ Bamberg Fac Informat Syst & Appl Comp Sci Weberei 5 D-96045 Bamberg Germany Univ Lubeck Inst Software Engn & Programming Languages Ratzeburger Allee 160 D-23562 Lubeck Germany

Robustness is a crucial requirement for the deployment of AI systems in real-world scenarios. In the context of AI planning, the concept of action reversibility, i.e., the ability to undo the effects of an action using a reverse plan, is a promising direction for achieving robust plans. Plans composed exclusively of reversible actions exhibit resilience against goal changes during the execution of the plan. However, the evaluation of action reversibility systems in STRIPS planning presents a challenge, given that standard planning benchmarks are often not suitable. Early experiments using a naive implementation of an action reversibility algorithm show that the available domain generation approach is susceptible to bias. Building on this existing domain generator, we introduce two slight variations that exhibit entirely different search space characteristics. We assess these domain generators using the naive action reversibility implementation and existing ASP implementations, and demonstrate that different generators indeed favor different implementations. As a follow-up to this line of research, we present a generalized domain generator facilitating the creation of domains with diverse search space characteristics. To finally reduce the utilization of contrived generation patterns, we propose another domain generator based on the Barab & aacute;si-Albert model yielding less rigid domains. Our experiments demonstrate that these new domain generators can produce a variety of domains with diverse search space characteristics, enabling a less biased evaluation of action reversibility systems.

关键词： STRIPS planning Action reversibility Benchmark PDDL domain generation

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Collaboration And Versioning Framework - a Systematic Top-Down Approach

Collaboration And Versioning Framework - a Systematic Top-Do...

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ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS)

作者： Pietron, Jakob Raschke, Alexander Exelmans, Joeri Tichy, Matthias Univ Ulm Inst Software Engn & Programming Languages Ulm Germany Univ Antwerp Flanders Make Dept Comp Sci Antwerp Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324983

CONTEXT: Versioning allows users to efficiently create and evolve artifacts, not only but especially in the domain of model-driven engineering. Due to collaboration tools, the place and time where users jointly work at their artifacts do not play an important role anymore. OBJECTIVE: We systematically elaborated a classification framework for collaboration and versioning tools. The intention is threefold: First, it should be possible to classify existing approaches. Second, deriving from user goals requirements to be met, and capabilities to be supported by a new tool. Third, given a set of capabilities, highlight which user goals can be achieved. METHOD: According to Kang and Lee, we systematically elaborated a problem space and a solution space and created mappings between both spaces and their sub-spaces. To demonstrate the applicability, we classified existing VCS like git, Google Docs, and several MDE-specific approaches. RESULTS: The created feature diagram covers 238 features and contains about 87 constraints. CONCLUSION: The developed framework supports researchers and developers in classifying their tools, revealing new opportunities to improve their tools, and guiding the development of new tools.

关键词： collaboration versioning framework classification mapping

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A Digital Twin for Coupling Mobility and Energy Optimization: The ReNuBiL Living Lab

A Digital Twin for Coupling Mobility and Energy Optimization...

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2023 Workshop on Applications of Formal Methods and Digital Twins, FMDT 2023

作者： Thoma, Daniel Sachenbacher, Martin Leucker, Martin Ali, Aliyu Tanko Institute for Software Engineering and Programming Languages University of Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160 Lübeck23562 Germany

This paper presents a use case in the energy domain showing the benefits of digital twins. More specifically, we study the problem of peak shaving, which aims for managing a micro power grid in such a way that the energy demanded from the surrounding global power grid does not exceed certain limits. We examine a living lab consisting of university buildings as power consumers and power buffers in forms of fixed installed batteries as well as power-to-grid capable electrical vehicles that are booked by users. We provide a formal model of the relevant aspects of the micro grid and show how an artificial intelligence based prediction established from historical data as well as suitable simulation and optimization algorithms help to improve peak shaving. © 2023 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charging (batteries)

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RaQuN: a generic and scalable n-way model matching algorithm

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software AND SYSTEMS MODELING 2023年第5期22卷 1495-1517页

作者： Schultheiss, Alexander Bittner, Paul Maximilian Boll, Alexander Grunske, Lars Thuem, Thomas Kehrer, Timo Humboldt Univ Berlin Germany Humboldt Univ Dept Comp Sci Berlin Germany Univ Ulm Inst Software Engn & Programming Languages Ulm Germany Univ Ulm Construct & Anal Secure Software Syst Ulm Germany Univ Bern Bern Switzerland Univ Bern Inst Comp Sci Bern Switzerland

Model matching algorithms are used to identify common elements in input models, which is a fundamental precondition for many software engineering tasks, such as merging software variants or views. If there are multiple input models, an n-way matching algorithm that simultaneously processes all models typically produces better results than the sequential application of two-way matching algorithms. However, existing algorithms for n-way matching do not scale well, as the computational effort grows fast in the number of models and their size. We propose a scalable n-way model matching algorithm, which uses multi-dimensional search trees for efficiently finding suitable match candidates through range queries. We implemented our generic algorithm named RaQuN (Range Queries on N input models) in Java and empirically evaluate the matching quality and runtime performance on several datasets of different origins and model types. Compared to the state of the art, our experimental results show a performance improvement by an order of magnitude, while delivering matching results of better quality.

关键词： Model-driven engineering n-Way model matching Clone-and-own development software product lines

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Spam detection with fasttext based features

Spam detection with fasttext based features

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2024 Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference, ASYU 2024

作者： Karadeniz, Talha Tokdemir, Gül Maraş, H. Hakan Department of Software Engineering Çankaya University Ankara Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Çankaya University Ankara Turkey Department of Computer Programming Çankaya University Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379433

Fasttext is a powerful word representation method that creates word representations based on vectors of character n-grams. In this work, we propose a method that utilizes fasttext features for a novel feature engineering model for the spam detection problem. In the feature engineering method, the combination of average, mean of second derivative;mean peak and standard deviation of fasttext features are computed. Finally, tf-idf features are also considered for the modeling process. The success of each feature engineering technique is measured and reported. The combination of the five feature extraction methods, tested on two spam detection datasets, yielded promising results with an accuracy of 0.978 on e-mail spam detection and an accuracy of 0.986 on sms spam classification. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Achieving Complete Structural Test Coverage in Embedded Systems Using Trace-Based Monitoring 35

Achieving Complete Structural Test Coverage in Embedded Syst...

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35th International Conference on Principles of Diagnosis and Resilient Systems, DX 2024

作者： Weiss, Alexander Schulz, Albert Heininger, Martin Sachenbacher, Martin Leucker, Martin Accemic Technologies GmbH Kiefersfelden Germany Heicon Global Engineering GmbH Schwendi Germany Institute for Software Engineering and Programming Languages Universität zu Lübeck Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773560

This paper presents a systematic approach to achieving, in a well-defined sense, 100% structural test coverage for large embedded software projects. In embedded systems, high code coverage is a critical part of the testing process to ensure that the system works correctly. Measuring code coverage provides insight into the effectiveness of the testing process, the quality of the software, and can help identify untested or partially tested areas of the code. Traditionally, coverage is often measured when unit tests are executed. The proposed approach instead uses integration tests as the starting point for determining test completeness. Measuring code coverage at the integration test level in embedded systems can be challenging due to the limitations of software instrumentation (additional memory requirements and additional CPU load). To overcome these limitations, embedded trace technology is used to measure code coverage continuously and non-intrusively. The use of these techniques will help to increase the reliability of embedded software and reduce the likelihood of missed integration tests, missed high-level requirements, and undetected software defects. © Alexander Weiss, Albert Schulz, Martin Heininger, Martin Sachenbacher, and Martin Leucker.

关键词： Integration testing

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