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4th International Symposium on software Reliability Engineering, ISSRE 1993

作者： Baumann, Gerald W. IBM Corp. Programming Systems Software Manufacturing United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818640103

The application of both classical and state of the art tools of quality control to the software development process are described. These tools and methods use actual test results and determine the range of failure rate expected, based on the anticipated customer use. These tools properly take into account the natural "clustering" of orthogonal defect discoveries during stochastic testing, consistent with Mandelbrot's work in Poisson processes. These tools are robust, have a history of success in other fields, and are easily implemented. They clearly define the bounds of the software reliability which are supported by the testing, and the probable risk that the software will be less reliable than expected. They enable the timely introduction of software without unreasonable risks of uncertain reliability. © 1993 IEEE.

关键词： software reliability

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General requirements for a program visualization tool: To be used in engineering of 4GL-programs

General requirements for a program visualization tool: To be...

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1993 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages, VL 1993

作者： Coulmann, L. Unit Programming Languages and Compilers Tech. Univ. of Darmstadt Germany Software AG Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0818639709

Program visualization can be used profitably to help a programmer gain an understanding of the program's meaning. In our context this process is called program analysis. The paper first points out that program analysis is highly individual and is influenced by the person involved and by the aim of the process. Secondly, it describes what consequences evolve out of the program analysis characteristics for a supporting tool. Four distinct, general properties of a visualization tool are presented, emphasizing the user and his changing interests. Thirdly, concepts are given for the visualization of 4GL-programs and a specific tool is described as an example of how the outlined requirements translate to a real application. A tree is used to represent different structural relations in the program and icons at the nodes facilitate the tree's perception. © 1993 IEEE.

关键词： Visualization

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COMBAT SYSTEM ENGINEERING - A RETURN TO FUNDAMENTALS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 61-69页

作者： MITTURA, A KARP, MS PE Andrew Mittura:is currently a senior program engineer with SYSCON Corp. He began his career in the Combat System Installation and Integration Office of NavSea in 1978. He has worked as a system engineer on the Seafire program at NSWCDD on the NATO Anti-air Warfare Program while at FMC Corporation and for the past four years on the Aegis Combat System with SYSCON. Current efforts include performance assessment studies of the Aegis combat system and combat system architecture and connectivity analysis. Mr. Mittura received a B.S. in electrical engineering from Penn State University in 1978 and an M.S. in engineering management from Catholic University of America in 1982. He is a licensed professional engineer with the State of Virginia. Mitchel S. Karp:cofounded K&K Software Engineering Inc. in February 1970. He is currently secretary/treasurer and senior system engineer. His involvement in combat systems began with NTDS in 1963. He has been involved in the Aegis Program since 1968 and has worked in all aspects of combat system development including computer programming tactical analysis software development and management. He has given several seminars on real-time software development and documentation. He currently is working under contracts to NSWCDD in the areas of combat system architecture and connectivity configuration management and documentation. Mr. Karp received a B.S. in engineering physics from Lehigh University in 1958.

The Navy's focus has shifted from global war scenarios to preparedness for the prospect of involvement in regional, littoral contingencies and conflicts. Operationally, shipboard personnel will need the ability to shift focus from the combat system multimission roles to that of only a single mission. From a development perspective, combat systems must accommodate a continual infusion of technology in a budget constrained environment. Combat system architecture is the single most important feature affecting combat system flexibility, from both an operational and developmental aspect. There is a fundamental partitioning of combat svstem functions into detect, command, and engage in a horizontal integration approach that enhances this needed flexibilitv. This fundamental partitioning is currently applied to individual weapon systems, but not to combat svstems as a whole. Instead, self-contained weapon systems are often developed and then vertically integrated to form a combat svstem, causing reduced flexibility. The battle organization is the principal driving requirement for combat system architecture. This paper shows that that the battle organization is best supported by a horizontally integrated combat system of detect, command, and engage. It concludes that a horizontally integrated combat svstem architecture of detect, command, and engage should be a candidate for future combat systems.

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STRUCTURED OPERATIONAL SEMANTICS AND BISIMULATION AS A CONGRUENCE

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INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION 1992年第2期100卷 202-260页

作者： GROOTE, JF VAANDRAGER, F Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science P.O. Box 4079 100 The research of the authors was supported by ESPRIT Project 432 An Integrated Formal Approach to Industrial Software Development (METEOR) and by RACE Project 1046 Specification and Programming Environment for Communication Software (SPECS).

In this paper we are interested in general properties of classes of transition system specifications in Plotkin style. The discussion takes place in a setting of labelled transition systems. The states of the transition systems are terms generated by a single sorted signature and the transitions between states are defined by conditional rules over the syntax. It is argued that in this setting it is natural to require that strong bisimulation equivalence be a congruence on the states of the transition systems. A general format, called the tyft/tyxt format, is presented for the rules in a transition system specification, such that bisimulation is always a congruence when all the rules fit this format. With a series of examples it is demonstrated that the tyft/tyxt format cannot be generalized in any obvious way. Another series of examples illustrates the usefulness of our congruence theorem. Briefly we touch upon the ❉ of modularity of transition system specifications. It is argued that certain pathological tyft/tyxt rules (the ones which are not pure) can be disqualified because they behave badly with respect to modularization. Next we address the ❉ of full abstraction. We characterize the completed trace congruence induced by the operators in pure tyft/tyxt format as 2-nested simulation equivalence. The pure tyft/tyxt format includes the format given by de Simone (Theoret. Comput. Sci.37, 245–267 (1985)) but is incomparable to the GSOS format of Bloom, Istrail, and Meyer (in“Conference Record of the 15th Annual Symposium on Principles of programming Languages, San Diego, California, 1988,” pp. 229–239). However, it turns out that 2-nested simulation equivalence strictly refines the completed trace congruence induced by the GSOS format.

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Structured programming based on IEC SC 65A;using alternate programming methodologies and languages with programmable controllers

Structured programming based on IEC SC 65A;using alternate p...

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IEEE Annual Conference of Electrical Engineering Problems in the Rubber and Plastics Industries

作者： B. Oulton Programming Software Products Allen-Bradley Company슠Inc. Highland Heights OH USA

The author discusses the benefits of using structured programming, sequential function charts, and structured text as an alternative or supplement to the ladder logic traditionally used for programming of programmable controllers with regard to the pending IEC SC65A/B standard (soon to become IEC 1131). The aim is to identify the programmable controller applications where the methodologies can be applied and consider effective strategies for applying programmable controllers.< >

关键词： IEC standards Programmable control Logic programming Relays Computer languages Functional programming Control systems Logic design Computer industry Industrial control

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CONCUR ’91: 2nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory Amsterdam, The Netherlands, August 26-29, 1991 Proceedings 2nd

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2nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory, CONCUR 1991

作者： Baeten, Jos C. M. Groote, Jan Frisco Department of Software Technology CWI Kruislaan 413 Amsterdam1098 SJ Netherlands Programming Research Group University of Amsterdam Kruislaan 403 Amsterdam1098 SJ Netherlands

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Real time process algebra

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Formal Aspects of Computing 1991年第2期3卷 142-188页

作者： Baeten, J.C.M. Bergstra, J.A. Department of Software Technology CWI AB Amsterdam 1009 Netherlands Programming Research Group University of Amsterdam DB Amsterdam 1009 Netherlands Department of Philosophy Utrecht University CS Utrecht 3584 Heidelberglaan 2 Netherlands

We describe an axiom system ACPp that incorporates real timed actions. Many examples are provided in order to explain the intuitive contents of the notation. ACPp is a generalisation of ACP. This implies that some of ... 详细信息

We describe an axiom system ACP_p that incorporates real timed actions. Many examples are provided in order to explain the intuitive contents of the notation. ACP_p is a generalisation of ACP. This implies that some of the axioms have to be relaxed and that ACP can be recovered as a special case from it. The purpose of ACP_p is to serve as a specification language for real time systems. The axioms of ACP_p explain its operational meaning in an algebraic form. © 1991 BCS.

关键词： ACP Process algebra Real time

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REAL SPACE PROCESS ALGEBRA 2nd

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2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON CONCURRENCY THEORY ( CONCUR 91 )

作者： BAETEN, JCM BERGSTRA, JA Department of Software Technology CWI P.O.Box 4079 Amsterdam 1009 AB Netherlands Programming Research Group University of Amsterdam P.O.Box 41882 Amsterdam 1009 DB Netherlands Department of Philosophy Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 2 Utrecht 3584 CS Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)3540544305

We extend the real time process algebra of [BB91] to real space-time process algebra, where actions are not just parametrized by a time coordinate, but also by three spatial coordinates. We describe two versions: Classical space-time, where all equations are invariant under Galilei transformations, and relativistic space-time, where all equations are invariant under Lorentz transformations. The latter case in turn splits into two subcases: The temporal interleaving model and the true concurrency model. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991.

关键词： Galilei transformation Interleaving Lorentz transformation Process algebra Real space-time Real time True concurrency

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ROLE OF SIMULATION IN RAPID PROTOTYPING FOR CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 204-211页

作者： KING, JF BARTON, DE J. Fred King:is the manager of the Advanced Technology Department for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Houston in 1977. He has been principal investigator of research projects in knowledge engineering pattern recognition and heuristic problem-solving. Efforts include the development of a multi-temporal multispectral classifier for identifying graincrops using LANDSAT satellite imagery data for NASA. Also as a member of the research team for a NCI study with Baylor College of Medicine and NASA he helped develop techniques for detection of carcinoma using multispectral microphotometer scans of lung tissue. He established and became technical director of the AI Laboratory for Ford Aerospace where he developed expert scheduling modeling and knowledge acquisition systems for NASA. Since joining Unisys in 1985 he has led the development of object-oriented programming environments blackboard architectures data fusion techniques using neural networks and intelligent data base systems. Douglas E. Barton:is manager of Logistics Information Systems for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his B.A. degree in computer science from the College of William and Mary in 1978 and did postgraduate work in London as a Drapers Company scholar. Since joining Unisys in 1981 his work has concentrated on program management and software engineering of large scale data base management systems and design and implementation of knowledge-based systems in planning and logistics. As chairman of the Logistics Data Subcommittee of the National Security Industrial Association (NSIA) he led an industry initiative which examined concepts in knowledge-based systems in military logistics. His responsibilities also include evaluation development and tailoring of software engineering standards and procedures for data base and knowledge-based systems. He is currently program manager of the Navigation Information Management System which provides support to the Fleet Ballistic Missile Progr

A valuable technique during concept development is rapid prototyping of software for key design components. This approach is particularly useful when the optimum design approach is not readily apparent or several known alternatives need to be rapidly evaluated. A problem inherent in rapid prototyping is the lack of a "target system" with which to interface. Some alternatives are to develop test driver libraries, integrate the prototype with an existing working simulator, or build one for the specific problem. This paper presents a unique approach to concept development using rapid prototyping for concept development and scenario-based simulation for concept verification. The rapid prototyping environment, derived from artificial intelligence technology, is based on a blackboard architecture. The rapid prototype simulation capability is provided through an object-oriented modeling environment. It is shown how both simulation and blackboard technologies are used collectively to rapidly gain insight into a tenacious problem. A specific example will be discussed where this approach was used to evolve the logic of a mission controller for an autonomous underwater vehicle.

关键词： Military Engineering

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THE ROLE OF WORK MANAGEMENT IN APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

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IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL 1990年第2期29卷 189-208页

作者： CHROUST, G GOLDMANN, H GSCHWANDTNER, O IBM Programming Systems Vienna Software Development Laboratory

Quality is probably one of the most serious concerns of today"s software *** software applica- tions exhibiting a certain complexity, the quality of a product can only be guaranteed by a methodological approach, using appropriate administration and tools. The methodology andadministration must be mani- fested in a well-definedand well-observedapplication development *** must integrate the human activity, the tools, and the intermediateand final work products into a coherent flow of actions. In this regard, the developmentof applications follows patterns that are well establishedin other industries wherean application development (AD)process model is defined andthen executed via an interpretation mechanism. Thecomplexity of the developmentproc- ess makesit necessary tosupport and integrate all of its aspects by means ofon-lineinteractive computer support. Computer-aidedprocess support in the gen- eral sense we call work management. This paper ex- plains the concepts of an application development process model andof work management forapplica- tion development underADlCycIe- and its relation to project management.

关键词： .computer support project management process model AD/Cycle application development process work management Vienna software Development

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