A number of testing strategies have been proposed using state machines and statecharts as test models in order to derive test sequences and validate classes or class clusters. Though such criteria have the advantage o...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780769521633
A number of testing strategies have been proposed using state machines and statecharts as test models in order to derive test sequences and validate classes or class clusters. Though such criteria have the advantage of being systematic, little is known on how cost effective they are and how they compare to each other. This article presents a precise simulation and analysis procedure to analyze the cost-effectiveness of statechart-based testing techniques. We then investigate, using this procedure, the cost and fault detection effectiveness of adequate test sets for the most referenced coverage criteria for statecharts on three different representative case studies. Through the analysis of common results and differences across studies, we attempt to draw more general conclusions regarding the costs and benefits of using the criteria under investigation.
One of the characteristics of object-oriented software is the complex dependencies that may exist between classes due to generalization and client-server relationships. Hence, where to start testing and how to define ...
详细信息
One of the characteristics of object-oriented software is the complex dependencies that may exist between classes due to generalization and client-server relationships. Hence, where to start testing and how to define an integration strategy are issues that require investigation. A number of techniques exist to order the test of classes with the aim of reducing costs. They usually generate a class test order that is a directed graph indicating in which order classes have to be tested, or which classes can be tested in parallel. This paper shows how such a class test order can be beneficial to testers and designers when conducting various activities, such as planning and scheduling class testing. This is illustrated by means of a case study
Empirical studies have shown there is wide variation in cost (e.g., of devising and executing test cases) and effectiveness (at finding faults) across existing state-based coverage criteria. As these criteria can be c...
详细信息
Empirical studies have shown there is wide variation in cost (e.g., of devising and executing test cases) and effectiveness (at finding faults) across existing state-based coverage criteria. As these criteria can be considered as executing the control flow structure of the statechart, we are attempting to investigate how data flow information can be used to improve their cost-effectiveness. This article presents a comprehensive methodology to perform data flow analysis of UML statecharts, applies it to the round-trip path (transition tree) coverage criterion and reports on two case studies. The results of the case studies show that dataflow information can be used to select the best cost-effective transition tree when more than one satisfies the transition tree criterion. We further propose a more optimal strategy for the transition tree criterion, in terms of cost and effectiveness. The improved tree strategy is evaluated through the two case studies and the results suggest that it is a cost-effective strategy that would fit into many practical situations
The issue of ordering class integration in the context of integration testing of object-oriented software has been discussed by a number of researchers. More specifically, strategies have been proposed to generate a t...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0769513069
The issue of ordering class integration in the context of integration testing of object-oriented software has been discussed by a number of researchers. More specifically, strategies have been proposed to generate a test order while minimizing stubbing. Recent papers have addressed the problem of deriving an integration order in the presence of dependency cycles in the class diagram. Such dependencies represent a practical problem as they make any topological ordering of classes impossible. The paper proposes a strategy that integrates two existing methods aimed at "breaking" cycles so as to allow a topological order of classes. The first one was proposed by K.-C. Tai and F.J. Daniels (1999) and is based on assigning a higher-level order according to aggregation and inheritance relationships and a lower-level order according to associations. The second one was proposed by Y. Le Traon et al. (2000) and is based on identifying strongly connected components in the dependency graph. Among other things, the former approach may result in unnecessary stubbing whereas the latter may lead to breaking cycles by "removing" aggregation or inheritance dependencies, thus leading to complex stubbing. We propose an approach that combines some of the principles of both approaches and addresses some of their shortcomings. All approaches (principles, benefits, drawbacks) are thoroughly compared by the means of a case study, based on a real system written in Java.
Federated learning has been used extensively in business inno-vation scenarios in various *** research adopts the federated learning approach for the first time to address the issue of bank-enterprise information asym...
详细信息
Federated learning has been used extensively in business inno-vation scenarios in various *** research adopts the federated learning approach for the first time to address the issue of bank-enterprise information asymmetry in the credit assessment ***,this research designs a credit risk assessment model based on federated learning and feature selection for micro and small enterprises(MSEs)using multi-dimensional enterprise data and multi-perspective enterprise *** proposed model includes four main processes:namely encrypted entity alignment,hybrid feature selection,secure multi-party computation,and global model ***,a two-step feature selection algorithm based on wrapper and filter is designed to construct the optimal feature set in multi-source heterogeneous data,which can provide excellent accuracy and *** addition,a local update screening strategy is proposed to select trustworthy model parameters for aggregation each time to ensure the quality of the global *** results of the study show that the model error rate is reduced by 6.22%and the recall rate is improved by 11.03%compared to the algorithms commonly used in credit risk research,significantly improving the ability to identify ***,the business operations of commercial banks are used to confirm the potential of the proposed model for real-world implementation.
The need for mass-produced inexpensive wireless devices operating under strict energy constraints poses new challenges in the system design methodology. This paper presents a methodology for designing wireless nodes i...
详细信息
The need for mass-produced inexpensive wireless devices operating under strict energy constraints poses new challenges in the system design methodology. This paper presents a methodology for designing wireless nodes in which a low cost, reliable antenna is realized by printed circuit traces. We show how to combine the analysis from 2.5D and 3D EM simulators with the PCB design tools to create predictable nodes with printed antennas that meet stringent power and data transmission range goals. The presented approach is applied to the design of a IEEE802.15.4 wireless node deployed in several indoor environments. Copyright 2005 ACM.
This paper identifies challenges in managing resources in a Grid computing environment and proposes computational economy as a metaphor for effective management of resources and application scheduling. It identifies d...
详细信息
As the conventional feature selection algorithms are prone to the poor running efficiency in largescale datasets with interacting features, this paper aims at proposing a novel rough feature selection algorithm whose ...
详细信息
As the conventional feature selection algorithms are prone to the poor running efficiency in largescale datasets with interacting features, this paper aims at proposing a novel rough feature selection algorithm whose innovation centers on the layered co-evolutionary strategy with neighborhood radius hierarchy. This hierarchy can adapt the rough feature scales among different layers as well as produce the reasonable decompositions through exploiting any correlation and interdependency among feature subsets. Both neighborhood interaction within layer and neighborhood cascade between layers are adopted to implement the interactive optimization of neighborhood radius matrix, so that both the optimal rough feature selection subsets and their global optimal set are obtained efficiently. Our experimental results substantiate the proposed algorithm can achieve better effectiveness, accuracy and applicability than some traditional feature selection algorithms.
The explosive and unprecedented growth with new innovation in wireless technology has opened up a new window for life-saving telemedicine services. After every couple of weeks a competitive solution is provided with t...
详细信息
The explosive and unprecedented growth with new innovation in wireless technology has opened up a new window for life-saving telemedicine services. After every couple of weeks a competitive solution is provided with the help of state-of-the-art technology to serve human beings every where on their move. By adopting advantages of telemedication the life in remote areas is facilitated. In this paper the working design of a quality ensuing wireless telemedicine system is proposed. The system activates real-time interactive medical data in a wireless environment. It handles vital sign telemonitoring technique that acquires, stores, and forward readings of electrocardiographs (ECG) and temperature over the wireless LAN. The browser based application is customized for 802.11b. The paper describes the quality ensuing design and implementation of portable medical unit that allows monitoring any where and that can be uses for various monitoring scenarios of homecare-units, hospital, the emergency and disaster relief centers. Existing telemedicine systems use traditional hard-wired, bandwidth-reserved mechanisms or road-mobile medical services for a real-time monitoring of patient. The preliminary results of telemedication determine that this level of service is not beneficial in monitoring patient with the help of stationary system or mobile-medication. Moreover, switching via GSM may guarantee a territory in range but low bandwidth, small data rates and system expense become an obstacle. The wireless broadband services guarantees full coverage and system expenses are for session based only. This research paper demonstrates for a practicable telemedication system with potential security features available with IEEE 802.11b standard.
暂无评论