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arXiv 2018年

作者： Mahler, Tom Nissim, Nir Shalom, Erez Goldenberg, Israel Hassman, Guy Makori, Arnon Kochav, Itzik Elovici, Yuval Shahar, Yuval Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva Israel Malware-Lab Cyber-Security Research Center Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva Israel Clalit Health Services Tel-Aviv Israel

Purpose: Used extensively in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, Medical Imaging Devices (MIDs), such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Computed Tomography (CT) machines, play an important role in medicine today. MIDs are increasingly connected to hospital networks, making them vulnerable to sophisticated cyber-attacks targeting the devices' infrastructure and components, which can disrupt digital patient records, and potentially jeopardize patients' health. Attacks on MIDs are likely to increase, as attackers' skills improve and the number of unpatched devices with known vulnerabilities that can be easily exploited grows. Attackers may also block access to MIDs or disable them, as part of ransomware attacks, which have been shown to be successful against hospitals. Method and Materials: We conducted a comprehensive risk analysis survey, based on the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) model, in collaboration with our country's largest health maintenance organization, to define the characteristics of cyber-attacks on MIDs. The survey includes a range of vulnerabilities and potential attacks aimed at MIDs, medical and imaging information systems, and medical protocols and standards such as DICOM and HL7. Results: Based on our survey, we found that CT devices face the greatest risk of cyber-attack, due to their pivotal role in acute care imaging. Thus, we identified several possible attack vectors that target the infrastructure and functionality of CT devices, which can cause: 1. Disruption of the parameters' values used in the scanning protocols within the CT device (e.g., tampering with the radiation exposure levels);2. Mechanical disruption of the CT device (e.g., changing the pitch);3. Disruption of the tomography scan signals constructing the digital images;and 4. Denial-of-Service attacks against the CT device. Conclusion: Cyber-attacks on MIDs will become a major challenge to device manufacturers and healthcare providers. To

关键词： Medical imaging

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IoTChain: A three-tier blockchain-based IoT security architecture

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bao, Zijian Shi, Wenbo He, Debiao Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond Department of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Northeastern University Qinhuangdao China State Key Lab of Software Engineering Computer School Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at San Antonio San AntonioTX78249 United States

There has been increasing interest in the potential of blockchain in enhancing the security of devices and systems, such as Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we present a blockchain-based IoT security architecture, IoTchain. The three-tier architecture comprises an authentication layer, a blockchain layer and an application layer, and is designed to achieve identity authentication, access control, privacy protection, lightweight feature, regional node fault tolerance, denial-of-service resilience, and storage integrity. We also evaluate the performance of IoTchain to demonstrate its utility in an IoT deployment. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things

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Causes of psychological reactance in human-computer interaction: A literature review and survey 17

Causes of psychological reactance in human-computer interact...

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35th Annual Conference of the European Association of Cognitive Ergonomics, ECCE 2017

作者： Ehrenbrink, Patrick Prezenski, Sabine Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science Quality and Usability Lab Technische Universitt Berlin Ernst-Reuter-Platz 7 Berlin10587 Germany Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Human-Machine Systems Technische Universitt Berlin Marchstr. 23 Berlin10587 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450352567

Psychological reactance is a psychological effect that can reduce the acceptance of devices and services. So far, there has not been a collection of potential causes for reactance in the context of human-computer interaction in literature. A literature review and a qualitative study to compile a list of possible causes of reactance in human-computer interaction were conducted. The final list includes twelve causes of reactance that have been shown to appear in the field of human-computer interaction. The individual causes are discussed and examples provided. Finally, strategies for avoiding reactance in human-computer interaction are proposed and possible future directions for reactance research in this field are recommended.

关键词： Human computer interaction

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Scenario challenges for next generation aviation technology demonstrations

Scenario challenges for next generation aviation technology ...

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AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference, 2018

作者： Moallemi, Mohammad Jafer, Shafagh Chhaya, Bharvi Castro, Carlos A. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona BeachFL32114-3900 United States Next Generation Applied Research Lab Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach Campus Sim Bldg 127 600 S Clyde Morris Blvd Daytona BeachFL32114-3900 United States Department of Electrical Computer Software and Systems Engineering Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach Campus Lehman 343 600 S Clyde Morris Blvd Daytona BeachFL32114-3900 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624105289

The Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) program is a long-term modernization and transformation of the current National Airspace System (NAS) into a more efficient and coordinated decision-making system. In order to test the key concepts and methods proposed by FAA and affiliated standard organizations such as RTCA (Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics), Modeling and Simulation (M&S)-based demonstration of the solutions are employed in the early stages for the verification and validation of concepts and their technologies. With the help of model-based and simulation-based engineering, large-scale systems integration and demonstrations take place seamlessly. This demands for common understanding of simulation scenarios, allowing for cross-platform interoperability. A major challenge facing the development and testing of the demonstrations is the lack of standard scenario definition language bridging the gap between the operational team (controllers, pilots, and dispatchers) and the engineering community. This paper will tackle aviation scenario generation challenges using the recently proposed Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL). ASDL aims at providing a standard scenario specification that leads to a common mechanism for verifying and executing aviation scenarios, effective sharing of scenarios among various simulation environments, improve the consistency among different stakeholders and entities and enable the reuse of scenario specifications. Based on Domain-Specific Language (DSL) design methodologies, current version of ASDL provides a well-structured definition language to define various flight operations scenarios. In this paper, a number of scenarios that have been implemented in previous FAA funded projects, including scenarios of 4 Dimensional trajectory operations as well as unmanned aerial system operations will be presented and an equivalent ASDL generated scenario script will be pro

关键词： Decision making

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Architecture-aware design and implementation of CNN algorithms for embedded inference: the ALOHA project

Architecture-aware design and implementation of CNN algorith...

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International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM

作者： Paolo Meloni Daniela Loi Gianfranco Deriu Andy D. Pimentel Dolly Saprat Maura Pintort Battista Biggio Oscar Ripolles David Solans Francesco Conti Luca Benini Todor Stefanov Svetlana Minakova Bernhard Moser Natalia Shepeleva Michael Masin Francesca Palumbo Nikos Fragoulis Ilias Theodorakopoulos Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Cagliari Italy Institute of Informatics University of Amsterdam The Netherlands Pluribus One Italy CA Technologies Spain Integrated Systems Laboratory ETH Zurich Switzerland Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden University The Netherlands Software Competence Center Hagenberg Austria IBM Research - Haifa Israel IDEA Lab University of Sassari Italy IRIDA Labs Computer Vision Systems Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781538681688;9781538681671

The use of Deep Learning (DL) algorithms is increasingly evolving in many application domains. Despite the rapid growing of algorithm size and complexity, performing DL inference at the edge is becoming a clear trend to cope with low latency, privacy and bandwidth constraints. Nevertheless, traditional implementation on low-energy computing nodes often requires experience-based manual intervention and trial-and-error iterations to get to a functional and effective solution. This work presents a computer-aided design (CAD) support for effective implementation of DL algorithms on embedded systems, aiming at automating different design steps and reducing cost. The proposed tool flow comprises capabilities to consider architecture-and hardware-related variables at very early stages of the development process, from pre-training hyperparameter optimization and algorithm configuration to deployment, and to adequately address security, power efficiency and adaptivity requirements. This paper also presents some preliminary results obtained by the first implementation of the optimization techniques supported by the tool flow.

关键词： Tools Inference algorithms Engines Computer architecture Computational modeling Microelectronics Training

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A privacy-aware two-factor authentication protocol based on elliptic curve cryptography for wireless sensor networks

A privacy-aware two-factor authentication protocol based on ...

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作者： Jiang, Qi Kumar, Neeraj Ma, Jianfeng Shen, Jian He, Debiao Chilamkurti, Naveen School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University Xi'an China Co-innovation Center for Information Supply and Assurance Technology Anhui University Hefei China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar University Patiala India School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China State Key Lab of Software Engineering Computer School Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Computer Systems and Computer Science La Trobe University Melbourne Australia

As one of the enabling components of Internet of things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have found applications in a wide range of fields, in which outside users need to directly interact with sensors to obtain sensed data. However, WSNs are vulnerable to various attacks over wireless links, such as eavesdropping and tampering. How to ensure that sensitive or critical information is only available to legal users becomes a challenging issue. Two-factor authentication combining password and smart card perfectly matches this requirement because of its practicality. However, a dozen of two-factor authentication protocols have been suggested in recent years. Owing to the challenging mission of reconciling efficiency and security requirements, it is still challenging to propose a privacy-aware two-factor protocol that is capable of providing various security features while maintaining acceptable efficiency. In this paper, we put forward a privacy-aware two-factor authentication protocol based on elliptic curve cryptography for WSNs. Our new protocol accomplishes various security features necessary for real-life application environments while maintaining acceptable efficiency. We prove that the new protocol fulfills mutual authentication in the Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic. Additionally, by way of informal security analysis, we show that the new protocol can withstand a variety of attacks and provide desirable security features. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter Topology with Reduced Number of Components

Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter Topology with Reduced Numbe...

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International Conference on Power Electronic Drives and Energy systems for Industrial Growth

作者： Marif Daula Siddique Saad Mekhilef Noraisyah Mohamed Shah Adil Sarwar Mudasir Ahmad Memon Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian Ben Horan Alex Stojcevski Koki Ogura Muhyaddin Rawa Hussain Bassi Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Lab (PEARL) University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University Victoria Australia School of Engineering Deakin University Victoria Australia Department of Electrical Engineering Kyushu Sangyo University Fukuoka Japan Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdulaziz University Rabigh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538693179;9781538693162

A new hybrid structure of multilevel inverter topology is recommended in this paper. It is designed with the aim of reducing the number of components with more number of levels at the output. Proposed topology uses three dc voltage sources along with 10 power semiconductor devices to achieve 13 levels at the output. A comparative study is given with other similar topologies which proves the lower number of components. In order to achieve good-quality output voltage, selective harmonic elimination technique is used with the elimination of lower order harmonics. Different simulation results have been provided to validate the proposed topology.

关键词： Topology Switches Harmonic analysis Inverters Modulation Stress Switching circuits

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Piggybacking on an autonomous hauler: Business models enabling a system-of-systems approach to mapping an underground mine

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Borg, Markus Olsson, Thomas Svensson, John Software and Systems Engineering Lab RISE SICS AB Lund Sweden Linköping University Boliden Mineral AB Boliden Sweden

With ever-increasing productivity targets in mining operations, there is a growing interest in mining automation. In future mines, remote-controlled and autonomous haulers will operate underground guided by LiDAR sensors. We envision reusing LiDAR measurements to maintain accurate mine maps that would contribute to both safety and productivity. Extrapolating from a pilot project on reliable wireless communication in Boliden’s Kankberg mine, we propose establishing a system-of-systems (SoS) with LIDAR-equipped haulers and existing mapping solutions as constituent systems. SoS requirements engineering inevitably adds a political layer, as independent actors are stakeholders both on the system and SoS levels. We present four SoS scenarios representing different business models, discussing how development and operations could be distributed among Boliden and external stakeholders, e.g., the vehicle suppliers, the hauling company, and the developers of the mapping software. Based on eight key variation points, we compare the four scenarios from both technical and business perspectives. Finally, we validate our findings in a seminar with participants from the relevant stakeholders. We conclude that to determine which scenario is the most promising for Boliden, trade-offs regarding control, costs, risks, and innovation must be carefully evaluated. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mapping

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A cloud-based taxi trace mining framework for smart city

A cloud-based taxi trace mining framework for smart city

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作者： Liu, Jin Yu, Xiao Xu, Zheng Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond Hong, Liang Cui, Xiaohui State Key Lab. of Software Engineering Computer School Wuhan University Wuhan China Third Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security Shanghai China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San Antonio San AntonioTX United States School of Information Technology and Mathematical Science University of South Australia AdelaideSA Australia School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan China International School of Software Wuhan University Wuhan China

As a well-known field of big data applications, smart city takes advantage of massive data analysis to achieve efficient management and sustainable development in the current worldwide urbanization process. An important problem in smart city is how to discover frequent trajectory sequence pattern and cluster trajectory. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a cloud-based taxi trajectory pattern mining and trajectory clustering framework for smart city. Our work mainly includes (1) preprocessing raw Global Positioning System trace by calling the Baidu API Geocoding;(2) proposing a distributed trajectory pattern mining (DTPM) algorithm based on Spark;and (3) proposing a distributed trajectory clustering (DTC) algorithm based on Spark. The proposed DTPM algorithm and DTC algorithm can overcome the high input/output overhead and communication overhead by adopting in-memory computation. In addition, the proposed DTPM algorithm can avoid generating redundant local trajectory patterns to significantly improve the overall performance. The proposed DTC algorithm can enhance the performance of trajectory similarity computation by transforming the trajectory similarity calculation into AND and OR operators. Experimental results indicate that DTPM algorithm and DTC algorithm can significantly improve the overall performance and scalability of trajectory pattern mining and trajectory clustering on massive taxi trace data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Analyzing closeness of code dependencies for improving IR-based Traceability Recovery

Analyzing closeness of code dependencies for improving IR-ba...

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IEEE International Conference on software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)

作者： Hongyu Kuang Jia Nie Hao Hu Patrick Rempel Jian Lü Alexander Egyed Patrick Mäder State Key Lab for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu China Institute for Software Systems Engineering Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Fakultät für Informatik und Automatisierung Technische Universität Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany

Information Retrieval (IR) identifies trace links based on textual similarities among software artifacts. However, the vocabulary mismatch problem between different artifacts hinders the performance of IR-based approaches. A growing body of work addresses this issue by combining IR techniques with code dependency analysis such as method calls. However, so far the performance of combined approaches is highly dependent to the correctness of IR techniques and does not take full advantage of the code dependency analysis. In this paper, we combine IR techniques with closeness analysis to improve IR-based traceability recovery. Specifically, we quantify and utilize the “closeness” for each call and data dependency between two classes to improve rankings of traceability candidate lists. An empirical evaluation based on three real-world systems suggests that our approach outperforms three baseline approaches.

关键词： Monitoring software Electronic mail Biomedical monitoring Vocabulary Context

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