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SSRN 2024年

作者： de Sá, Antonio Mauricio Ferreira Lei Miranda D’Affonsêca Netto, Aluizio Zanotelli, Tiago Tierra-Criollo, Carlos Julio Felix, Leonardo Bonato Simpson, David Martin Biomedical Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute of Education Science and Technology of Esprito Santo - So Mateus Campus Esprito Santo Brazil Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil Institute of Sound & Vibration Research University of Southampton United Kingdom

A new statistical test is proposed for detecting isolated spectral peaks in regions with flat spectra. It reflects a normalization of the local F-test, which is commonly used in audiology to lead to values bounded between 0 and 1. The probability density function of the new detector was derived for both the cases of lack and presence of evoked responses, which allowed obtaining the confidence limits and the probability of detection. Simulation studies were carried out to confirm the theoretical results, and the technique was applied to the electroencephalogram during auditory stimulation by amplitude-modulated tones. The proposed technique has detection power similar to other local detectors. However, it has the advantage of making the detector time-evolution visualization easier since it is always bounded between zero and one. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Probability density function

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Incentives, Financing, and Utility programs (Panel Discussion)

Incentives, Financing, and Utility Programs (Panel Discussio...

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AEE West Energy Conference and Expo 2022

作者： Robinweiler, Beth Goldman, Jacob Ewing, Jennifer Torres, Morgan Sheppard, Rebecca Energy Management Engineering Puget Sound Energy United States Energy Tax Savers Inc. D/b/a R&D Tax Savers United States Environmental Stewardship Program Manager City of Bellevue United States Office of the King County Executive United States Northwest Energy Efficiency Council United States

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Time-domain methods for quantifying dynamic cerebral blood flow autoregulation: Review and recommendations. A white paper from the Cerebrovascular Research Network (CARNet)

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Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2024年第9期44卷 1480-1514页

作者： Kostoglou, Kyriaki Bello-Robles, Felipe Brassard, Patrice Chacon, Max Claassen, Jurgen AHR Czosnyka, Marek Elting, Jan-Willem Hu, Kun Labrecque, Lawrence Liu, Jia Marmarelis, Vasilis Z Payne, Stephen J Shin, Dae Cheol Simpson, David Smirl, Jonathan Panerai, Ronney B Mitsis, Georgios D Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Montreal QC Canada Institute of Neural Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Departamento de Ingeniería Informática Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile Department of Kinesiology Faculty of Medicine Université Laval QC Canada Research Center of the Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec Quebec QC Canada Department of Geriatrics Radboud University Medical Center Research Institute for Medical Innovation and Donders Institute Nijmegen Netherlands Cerebral Haemodynamics in Ageing and Stroke Medicine (CHiASM) Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom Department of Clinical Neurosciences Neurosurgery Department University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology University Medical Center Groningen Groningen Netherlands Medical Biodynamics Program Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Division of Sleep Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Laboratory for Engineering and Scientific Computing Institute of Advanced Computing and Digital Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Shenzhen China Department Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Institute of Applied Mechanics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Sound and Vibration Research University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Bri

Cerebral Autoregulation (CA) is an important physiological mechanism stabilizing cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to changes in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). By maintaining an adequate, relatively constant supply of blood flow, CA plays a critical role in brain function. Quantifying CA under different physiological and pathological states is crucial for understanding its implications. This knowledge may serve as a foundation for informed clinical decision-making, particularly in cases where CA may become impaired. The quantification of CA functionality typically involves constructing models that capture the relationship between CPP (or arterial blood pressure) and experimental measures of CBF. Besides describing normal CA function, these models provide a means to detect possible deviations from the latter. In this context, a recent white paper from the Cerebrovascular Research Network focused on Transfer Function Analysis (TFA), which obtains frequency domain estimates of dynamic CA. In the present paper, we consider the use of time-domain techniques as an alternative approach. Due to their increased flexibility, time-domain methods enable the mitigation of measurement/physiological noise and the incorporation of nonlinearities and time variations in CA dynamics. Here, we provide practical recommendations and guidelines to support researchers and clinicians in effectively utilizing these techniques to study CA. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： CARNet cerebral autoregulation cerebral blood flow time-domain methods white paper

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Experimental investigation on varied degrees of sound field diffuseness in full scale rooms 143

Experimental investigation on varied degrees of sound field ...

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143rd Audio engineering Society Convention 2017, AES 2017

作者： Bidondo, Alejandro Vazquez, Sergio Vazquez, Javier Sound Engineering Diploma Program Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero Argentina Mosconi 2736 Sáenz Peña Buenos AiresB1674AHF Argentina Sound Engineering Diploma Program Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero Argentina Mosconi 2736 Sáenz Peña Buenos AiresB1674AHF Argentina Sound Engineering Diploma Program Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero Argentina Mosconi 2736 Sáenz Peña Buenos AiresB1674AHF Argentina

ISBN: (纸本)9781510870703

sound field diffusion in enclosures should be experimentally quantified based on measured room impulse responses, at least to know how many scattering surfaces produce a sufficiently diffuse sound field for each application. To achieve this, a parameter, the sound Field Diffusion Coefficient (SFDC) which is still under development, was applied. SFDC expresses the reflection's amplitude control and temporal distribution gaussianity, using third octave-band energy-decay compensated impulse responses and taking reference with SFDC average results from a set of impulse responses synthesized with Gaussian white noise. In an attempt to demonstrate the quantification capability of the SFDC, a systematic investigation was conducted whereby varied room configurations using carefully designed scattered interior surfaces were examined with the hypothesis that varied degrees of surface scattering will ultimately lead to varied degrees of sound field diffusion inside two, full scale, rooms. To this end, each rooḿs floor was covered with different configurations ranging from no diffusers to 16.74 m2 of diffusely reflecting surfaces, in 3 steps. This paper discusses the experimental design and evaluates the results of data collected using systematic modifications of varied degrees of surface scattering, each with combinations of different source orientations and microphone positions. © 143rd Audio engineering Society Convention 2017, AES 2017. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic fields

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A global assessment of microplastic abundance and characteristics on marine turtle nesting beaches

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Marine Pollution Bulletin 2025年 215卷 117768页

作者： Botterell, Zara L.R. Ardren, Jed Dove, Elly McArthur, Ellen Addison, David S. Adegbile, Oyeronke M. Agamboue, Pierre Didier Agyekumhene, Andrews Allman, Phil Alterman, Alexandra Anderson, Adren Arenholz, Theresa Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel Arnold, Zephania Báez, José C. Bahar, Anat Barbosa, Castro Barrios-Garrido, Hector Başkale, Eyup Berumen, Michael L. Bézy, Vanessa S. Blumenthal, Janice Borja Bosquirolli, Manuela R. Boyce, Alysia J. Brammer-Robbins, Elizabeth Branco, Maria Brooks, Annabelle M.L. Bunbury, Nancy Cardona, Luis Chadwick, Helen Chalkias, Giannis Chug, Kimberly Clark, Jessica Cole, Matthew Coppock, Rachel L. Cuevas, Eduardo Dawson, Tiffany M. Denaro, Maria Donadi, Rodrigo Douglas, Corrine Douglas, Ryan Drobes, Emily Dubois, Chloé Duncan, Emily M. Elston, Chloe A. Esteban, Nicole Fernandes, Gabriela Ferreira-Airaud, Maria B. Finn, Sarah A. Fisayo Christie, Jerome Formia, Angela Fossette-Halot, Sabrina Fuentes, Mariana M.P.B. Galloway, Tamara S. Godfrey, Matthew H. Goodfellow, Joanna Guzmán-Hernández, Vicente Hart, Catherine E. Hays, Graeme C. Hirsch, Sarah E. Hochscheid, Sandra Holloway-Adkins, Karen G. Horrocks, Julia A. Inoguchi, Emi Inteca, Gélica E. Jean, Claire Kaska, Yakup Koumba Mabert, Brice Didier Lambot, Amandine Levy, Yaniv Lewis, Ceri Ley-Quiñonez, César P. Lindeque, Penelope K. Llamas, Israel Lopez-Martinez, Sergio López-Navas, Javier Mack, Kelsey Madeira, Fernando M. Maffucci, Fulvio Majewska, Roksana Mancini, Agnese Mansfield, Katherine L. Marco, Adolfo Margaritoulis, Dimitris Marques da Silva, Isabel Martins, Samir Maurer, Andrew S. McFarlane, Wendy J. Mejías-Balsalobre, Carmen Montello, Maxine A. Mortimer, Jeanne A. Nelms, Sarah E. Nogués Vera, Josep Not, Christelle Novillo-Sanjuan, Olga Oceguera Camacho, Karen Omessi, Omri Ondich, Breanna Outerbridge, Mark Paranthoen, Nicolas Pate, Jessica Pate, S. Michelle Patrício, Ana R. Paxinos, Odysseas Pearl, Tami Perrault, Justin R. Picknell, Angela S. Piovano, Susanna Pococa Arellano, Ernesto I. Ponteen, Alwyn Prakash, Shritika S. Quiros Rosales, Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter CornwallTR10 9FE United Kingdom Conservancy of Southwest Florida Naples Florida United States Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research 3 Wilmot Point Road Victoria Island Lagos Nigeria Wildlife Conservation Society - Gabon Program LibrevilleBP 7847 Gabon University of Ghana Department of Marine and Fisheries Science Ghana Goshen College Department of Biology JN Roth Marine Biology Station Long KeyFL33001 United States Georgia Sea Turtle Center 214 Stable Island Rd. Jekyll IslandGA31527 United States Virgin Islands National Park Sea Turtle Program United States Sea Turtle Trackers PO Box 67422 St. Pete BeachFL 33736 United States Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health Faculty of Technology Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences University of South-Eastern Norway Telemark3800 Bø Norway Centro de Estudios Ambientales y Biodiversidad Universidad del Valle de Guatemala 18 Avenida 11-95 zona 15 01015 Guatemala Sea Sense Organization Hse #7 Seleka Street Mikocheni B Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of Plot No. 350 Regent Estate Mikocheni PO Box 63117 Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga Instituto Español de Oceanografía Málaga Spain Instituto Iberoamericano de Desarrollo Sostenible Universidad Autónoma de Chile Av. Alemania 1090 Región de La Araucanía Temuco4810101 Chile Israel Sea Turtle Rescue Center National Nature and Parks Authority Gan Leumi Beit Yanay Kfar Vitkin Israel Dr. Alfredo Simão da Silva Guinea-bissau Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah23955 Saudi Arabia TropWATER James Cook University Townsville4811 Australia Laboratorio de Ecologia General Facultad Experimental de Ciencias La Universidad del Zulia Maracaibo04002 Bolivia Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey Red Sea Research Center Division of Bio

Sandy coastal beaches are an important nesting habitat for marine turtles and a known sink for plastic pollution. Existing methodologies for monitoring the spatiotemporal patterns of abundance and composition of plastic are, however, disparate. We engaged a global network of marine turtle scientists to implement a large-scale sampling effort to assess microplastic abundance in beach sediments on marine turtle nesting beaches. Sand samples were collected from 209 sites spanning six oceans, microplastics (1-5 mm) were extracted through stacked sieves, visually identified, and a sub-sample verified via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Microplastics were detected in 45 % (n = 94) of beaches and within five ocean basins. Microplastic presence and abundance was found to vary markedly within and among ocean basins, with the highest proportion of contaminated beaches found in the Mediterranean (80 %). We present all data in an accessible, open access format to facilitate the extension of monitoring efforts and empower novel analytical approaches. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Global tracking of marine megafauna space use reveals how to achieve conservation targets

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Science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6751期388卷 1086-1097页

作者： Ana M M Sequeira Jorge P Rodríguez Sarah A Marley Hannah J Calich Mirjam van der Mheen Michelle VanCompernolle Lucy M Arrowsmith Lauren R Peel Nuno Queiroz Marisa Vedor Ivo da Costa Gonzalo Mucientes Ana Couto Nicolas E Humphries Sara Abalo-Morla Francisco J Abascal Debra L Abercrombie Katya Abrantes F Alberto Abreu-Grobois André S Afonso Pedro Afonso Heidi Ahonen Susanne Åkesson Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto Russel D Andrews Frédéric Angelier Marina Antonopoulou Javier A Arata Gonzalo Araujo Randall Arauz José Manuel Arcos Igor Arregui Haritz Arrizabalaga Marie Auger-Méthé Steffen Bach Fred Bailleul Robin W Baird George H Balazs Susan G Barco Adam Barnett Warren Baverstock Alastair M M Baylis Annalea Beard Juan Bécares Eduardo J Belda Ian Bell Ashley Bennison Scott R Benson Diego Bernal Michael L Berumen Sandra Bessudo Natalia P A Bezerra Antonin V Blaison Gabriela S Blanco Barbara A Block Mark Bolton Mark E Bond Ramón Bonfil Camrin D Braun Annette C Broderick Michael de L Brooke Annabelle M L Brooks Edward J Brooks Ignacio M Bruno Jennifer M Burns Michael E Byrne Steven E Campana Hamish A Campbell Richard A Campbell Aaron Carlisle Ruth H Carmichael Gemma Carroll Paolo Casale Filipe R Ceia Demian D Chapman Taylor K Chapple Jean-Benoit Charrassin Andre Chiaradia John Chisholm Christopher R Clarke Thomas A Clay Christophe Cleguer Elizabeth Clingham Eric E G Clua Jesse E M Cochran Rochelle Constantine Robert W Cooper Estelle Crochelet Michelle Cronin Eduardo Cuevas Kayla P DaCosta Laurent Dagorn Ryan Daly Randall W Davis P J Nico de Bruyn Carlos Delgado-Trejo Thomas Dellinger Solène Derville Stella Diamant Andrew DiMatteo Kara L Dodge Philip D Doherty Michael C Double Alistair D M Dove Thomas K Doyle Michael J Drew Lindsay L Dubbs Clinton A J Duffy Peter H Dutton Ewan W J Edwards Luke D Einoder Mark V Erdmann Eduardo Espinoza Nicole Esteban Ana Isabel Fagundes Chris Feare Steven H Ferguson Luciana C Ferreira Francesco Ferretti John Filmalter Brittany Finucci G Chris Fischer Richard J Fitzpatrick Jorge Fontes Angela Formia Division of Ecology and Evolution Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra (Australian Capital Territory) Australia. UWA Oceans Institute and the School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth (Western Australia) Australia. Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (IFISC) CSIC-UIB Palma de Mallorca Spain. Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA) CSIC-UIB Esporles Illes Balears Spain. C.A. Illes Balears Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Palma Spain. Delegación Territorial en Illes Balears Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) Muelle de Poniente s/n Palma Spain. Scotland's Rural College (SRUC) Craibstone Estate Bucksburn Aberdeen UK. Oceans Graduate School and the UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Perth (Western Australia) Australia. School of Engineering and the UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Perth (Western Australia) Australia. Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Biodiversity and Conservation Science Kensington (Western Australia) Australia. Save Our Seas Foundation Geneva Switzerland. The Manta Trust Catemwood House Norwood Lane Corscombe Dorset UK. Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO) InBIO Laboratório Associado Campus de Vairão Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal. BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land Planning Campus de Vairao Vairão Portugal. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC) Vigo Pontevedra Spain. School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK. Biomathematics and statistics Scotland The kings building Edinburgh Scotland. Marine Biological Association (MBA) The Laboratory Citadel Hill Plymouth UK. Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de Zonas Costeras Universitat Politècnica de València Gandia València Spain. Instituto Español de O

The recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) sets ambitious goals but no clear pathway for how zero loss of important biodiversity areas and halting human-induced extinction of threatened species will be achieved. We assembled a multi-taxa tracking dataset (11 million geopositions from 15,845 tracked individuals across 121 species) to provide a global assessment of space use of highly mobile marine megafauna, showing that 63% of the area that they cover is used 80% of the time as important migratory corridors or residence areas. The GBF 30% threshold (Target 3) will be insufficient for marine megafauna's effective conservation, leaving important areas exposed to major anthropogenic threats. Coupling area protection with mitigation strategies (e.g., fishing regulation, wildlife-traffic separation) will be essential to reach international goals and conserve biodiversity.

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Echo decorrelation imaging of ex vivo HIFU and bulk ultrasound ablation using image-treat arrays

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1821卷

作者： Tyler R. Fosnight Fong Ming Hooi Sadie B. Colbert Ryan D. Keil Peter G. Barthe T. Douglas Mast 1Biomedical Engineering Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio UNITED STATES 2Guided Therapy Systems/Ardent Sound Mesa Arizona UNITED STATES

In this study, the ability of ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging to map and predict heat-induced cell death was tested using bulk ultrasound thermal ablation, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal ablation, and pulse-echo imaging of ex vivo liver tissue by a custom image-treat array. Tissue was sonicated at 5.0 MHz using either pulses of unfocused ultrasound (N=12) (7.5 s, 50.9-101.8 W/cm2 in situ spatial-peak, temporal-peak intensity) for bulk ablation or focused ultrasound (N=21) (1 s, 284-769 W/cm2 in situ spatial-peak, temporal-peak intensity and focus depth of 10 mm) for HIFU ablation. Echo decorrelation and integrated backscatter (IBS) maps were formed from radiofrequency pulse-echo images captured at 118 frames per second during 5.0 s rest periods, beginning 1.1 s after each sonication pulse. Tissue samples were frozen at −80˚C, sectioned, vitally stained, imaged, and semi-automatically segmented for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. ROC curves were constructed to assess prediction performance for echo decorrelation and IBS. Logarithmically scaled mean echo decorrelation in non-ablated and ablated tissue regions before and after electronic noise and motion correction were compared. Ablation prediction by echo decorrelation and IBS was significant for both focused and bulk ultrasound ablation. The log10-scaled mean echo decorrelation was significantly greater in regions of ablation for both HIFU and bulk ultrasound ablation. Echo decorrelation due to electronic noise and motion was significantly reduced by correction. These results suggest that ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging is a promising approach for real-time prediction of heat-induced cell death for guidance and monitoring of clinical thermal ablation, including radiofrequency ablation and HIFU.

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In-situ adaptive speech enhancement using directional microphone applied to magnetic resonance imaging 44

In-situ adaptive speech enhancement using directional microp...

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44th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control engineering, INTER-NOISE 2015

作者： Sun, Guohua Li, Mingfeng Rudd, Brent W. Lim, Teik C. Osterhage, Jeffrey Fugate, Elizabeth M. Lee, Jing-Huei Vibro-Acoustics and Sound Quality Research Laboratory College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221-0072 United States Center for Imaging Research and Biomedical Engineering Program College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45267 United States

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly applied for medical diagnosis and biomedical research;however, the acoustic noise during the MRI operation remains one of the major concerns. In particular, speech communication through intercoms from patients to MRI operators is severely contaminated by the annoying noise, and requires treatment for improving the intelligibility. This study proposes an enhanced adaptive speech enhancement (ASE) system, utilizing the idea of a differential directional microphone for measuring and distinguishing the reference and desired signals, for the MRI environment to improve the speech communication. Hence, the adaptive filter is expected to remove the periodic MRI acoustic noises with limited distortion on the recovered speech signals. In-situ experiment was conducted to evaluate the system performance. Results show that the speech signal is noticeably recovered after treated with the ASE system. Furthermore, a non-adaptive spectra subtraction method is also adopted to process the abovementioned results such that additional reductions were achieved for the non-coherent MRI noises. © 2015 by ASME.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Acoustical measurements of Warsaw's chamber opera house using two types of sound sources for subsequent Auralization 138

Acoustical measurements of Warsaw's chamber opera house usin...

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138th Audio engineering Society Convention, AES 2015

作者： Woszczyk, Wieslaw Fidecki, Tadeusz Hong, Jung Wook Jonathan Rudzki, Tomasz Benson, David Graduate Program in Sound Recording Schulich School of Music McGill University MontrealQCH3A 1E3 Canada McGill University MontrealQCH3A 1E3 Canada Laboratory of Musical Acoustics Department of Sound Engineering Fryderyk Chopin University of Music Warsaw00-368 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781510806597

Impulse response measurements using log sine sweeps were made in the Warsaw's Chamber Opera House in 8 microphone locations on the floor area and at 2 locations on the balcony, with 2 microphone elevations, using 2 types of sound sources having different directional radiation characteristics. The Opera House having only 159 seats originates from 1775 and is renowned for its excellent acoustics fitting for Mozart operas. The measurements show how within this relatively small venue, an opera director can create a wide range of acoustic perspectives for voices and instruments, and achieve a desired dramatic effect. In a subsequent multichannel auralization, anechoic instrumental and vocal sounds were placed virtually in the opera house, and a listening panel compared the renderings. The experiment underlines the importance of choosing directional characteristics of sound sources used in the measurements of room impulse responses intended for subsequent applications.

关键词： Opera houses

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Frequency band displacement for optimizing acoustic boxes above the natural frequency of the loudspeaker 19

Frequency band displacement for optimizing acoustic boxes ab...

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2014 19th Symposium on Image, Signal Processing and Artificial Vision, STSIVA 2014

作者： Cruz, Alberth Martinez, Marcelo Herrera Sound Engineering Program Universidad de San Buenaventura Bogotá Colombia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479976669

This project deals with the implementation of an algorithm for frequency band displacement for the optimization of acoustic boxes. This is particularly relevant in the Car-audio industry and similar applications, when limitations of volume and space are present. The work gives an alternative solution to the problem of huge acoustic boxes sizes for the reproduction of low frequencies, using DSP, optimizing small boxes with midrange loudspeaker, without losing the information in the low frequency region. In this paper, information about loudspeaker design and performance is held, as well as the development of an algorithm that analyzes the input signal through the FFT, in order to adapt the fundamental frequency of the input signal to a basic home system or car audio. Analyzing the results of the transfer function it can be observed how the input signal adapts, reaching the optimization of the frequency response of the sound box above the natural frequency of the loudspeaker. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency response

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