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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ye Myint, Yadanar Percival, Joseph Emile Honour Kitajima, Kaoru Division of Forest and Biomaterials Sciences Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Spatial Data Analysis and Visualization Lab University of Hawaii at Hilo Hilo WI96720-4091 United States Department of Geography & Environmental Science University of Hawai‘i at Hilo HiloHI96720 United States

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover type product (MODIS-LC) is widely used for global land cover classification to follow the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) scheme. The geographical dimension of 1200 km x 1200 km is appropriate for regional and national level tracking of deforestation in SE Asia (4.5 million ha), where oil palm plantations are a key driver of forest loss in SE Asia. Here, we examined forest conversion to other land cover types in eight SE Asian countries during two periods (2001-2010 and 2010-2018) using the MODIS MCD12Q1 data in ArcMap 10.8.2. The results showed that 12% and 9% of forested areas were converted to woody savanna and savanna in 2001-2010 and 2010-2018, respectively. Then, we selected 260 random subsamples (500 m polygons) from each of the common land cover types in SE Asia and verified or reclassified their vegetation with visual examination of high-resolution Google Earth imagery. However, verification with high-resolution images reduced these estimates to 5.1 % and 4.1 %, because 44% and 46% of areas initially classified as woody savannas and savannas were actually oil palms. Using calibration factor for each vegetation type, 47.2 % and 47.9 % of forest losses were estimated to be attributable to conversion to oil palm plantations, whereas the remaining forest loss was attributed to degradation to savannas and grassland. In addition, the IGBP land cover type of permanent wetland was found to consist of mangroves (63%), aqua farms (20%), and oil palms (8%) rather than permanent wetland per se. While MODIS-LC is a powerful dataset for global analyses, regional calibration with high-resolution imagery, as demonstrated in this study, provides insight that can better inform policy makers. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deforestation

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