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International Conference on Systems, signals and Image processing, IWSSIP

作者： Inbal Horev Ori Bryt Ron Rubinstein Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Haifa Israel Department of Computer Science Geometric Image Processing Laboratory Haifa Israel

Transform coding is a widely used image compression technique, where entropy reduction can be achieved by decomposing the image over a dictionary which provides compaction. Existing algorithms, such as JPEG and JPEG2000, utilize fixed dictionaries which are shared by the encoder and decoder. Recently, works utilizing content-specific dictionaries show promising results by focusing on specific classes of images and using highly specialized dictionaries. However, such approaches lose the ability to compress arbitrary images. In this paper we propose an input-adaptive compression approach, which encodes each input image over a dictionary specifically trained for it. The scheme is based on the sparse dictionary structure, whose compact representation allows relatively low-cost transmission of the dictionary along with the compressed data. In this way, the process achieves both adaptivity and generality. Our results show that although this method involves transmitting the dictionary, it remains competitive with the JPEG and JPEG2000 algorithms.

关键词： Dictionaries Image coding Transform coding PSNR Sparse matrices Encoding Bit rate

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Multichannel speech recognition using distributed microphone signal fusion strategies

Multichannel speech recognition using distributed microphone...

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International Conference on Audio, Language and Image processing, ICALIP

作者： Marek B. Trawicki Michael T. Johnson An Ji Tomasz S. Osiejuk Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Speech and Signal Processing Laboratory Marquette University Milwaukee WI USA Department of Behavioural Ecology Adam-Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301732

Multichannel fusion strategies are presented for the distributed microphone recognition environment, for the task of song-type recognition in a multichannel songbird dataset. The signals are first fused together based on various heuristics, including their amplitudes, variances, physical distance, or squared distance, before passing the enhanced single-channel signal into the speech recognition system. The intensity-weighted fusion strategy achieved the highest overall recognition accuracy of 94.4%. By combining the noisy distributed microphone signals in an intelligent way that is proportional to the information contained in the signals, speech recognition systems can achieve higher recognition accuracies.

关键词： speech recognition Microphone arrays Noise measurement Array signal processing speech Accuracy

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Noise Robust Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on Multitask Factor Analysis With Small Training Data Size

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IEEE Transactions on signal processing 2012年第7期60卷 3546-3559页

作者： Lan Du Hongwei Liu Penghui Wang Bo Feng Mian Pan Zheng Bao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA TheNational Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi'an China

A factor analysis model based on multitask learning (MTL) is developed to characterize the FFT-magnitude feature of complex high-resolution range profile (HRRP), motivated by the problem of radar automatic target recognition (RATR). The MTL mechanism makes it possible to appropriately share the information among samples from different target-aspects and learn the aspect-dependent parameters collectively, thus offering the potential to improve the overall recognition performance with small training data size. In addition, since the noise level of a test sample is usually different from those of the training samples in the real application, another contribution is that the proposed framework can update the noise level parameter in the FA model to adaptively match that of the received test sample. Efficient inference is performed via variational Bayesian (VB) for the proposed hierarchical Bayesian model, and encouraging results are reported on the measured HRRP dataset with small training data size and under the test condition of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

关键词： Data models Hidden Markov models Feature extraction Radar Noise robustness Analytical models Target recognition

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A two-piece R-D model for hybrid video coding and its application in fast mode decision

A two-piece R-D model for hybrid video coding and its applic...

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2012 13th IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2012

作者： Aminlou, Alireza Fahim-Hashemi, Hana Hashemi, Mahmoud Reza Gabbouj, Moncef Fatemi, Omid Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Nano-Electronic Center of Excellence University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

The mode decision process has a significant effect on the quality and complexity of a video encoder. The conventional method that fully codes each macro block for different modes results in the best quality performance, but it suffers from high computational complexity. On the other hand, some other methods ignore the residual part and use the prediction data, or adopt early mode selection approaches in order to reduce the computational cost. These approaches have a negative impact on the coding performance. In this paper, we have used a simple model for the residual coding part and proposed a two-piece R-D model for a macro block. Based on this model, we have introduced a mode decision algorithm that reduces the bit-rate by up to 11.62% at the expense of just 0.5% computational overhead. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cost reduction

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A PLL based adaptive power line interference filtering from ECG signals

A PLL based adaptive power line interference filtering from ...

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International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and signal processing (AISP)

作者： M. M. Zeinali Zadeh S. Niketeghad R. Amirfattahi Digital Signal Processing Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran

One of the challenges for electrocardiogram (ECG) signals extraction is additive power line interference (PLI) which contains 50Hz or 60Hz base frequency and several harmonics. Variety of fixed-frequency and adaptive notch filter structures are proposed for power line interference suppression. Because of frequency varying behavior of power line interference, fixed frequency filters suffer from the problem of low noise attenuation rate when the interference frequencies drift from their nominal values, and also signal amplitude and phase destruction around interference frequencies due to relatively high notching bandwidth. On the other hand adaptive filters are given high calculation costs. In this paper we propose a real-time, low calculation cost adaptive notch filter, using phase-locked loop (PLL). Experimental results show that in extremely noisy environments where input SNR is around - 20dB, average SNR enhancement of proposed method is approximately 40dB. This value is also as good as 35dB for -10dB input SNR.

关键词： IIR filters Power harmonic filters Adaptive filters Electrocardiography Interference signal to noise ratio Bandwidth

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A Two-Piece R-D Model for Hybrid Video Coding and Its Application in Fast Mode Decision

A Two-Piece R-D Model for Hybrid Video Coding and Its Applic...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Alireza Aminlou Hana Fahim-Hashemi Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Moncef Gabbouj Omid Fatemi Multimedia Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467316590

关键词： Video coding Complexity theory Encoding Predictive models Measurement Educational institutions Prediction algorithms

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Generalized geometry-based optimal power control in wireless networks

Generalized geometry-based optimal power control in wireless...

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2012 9th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, SECON 2012

作者： Wang, Wei Shin, Kang G. Zhang, Zhaoyang Wang, Wenbo Peng, Tao Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2121 United States Wireless Signal Processing and Networking Lab Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467319058

Geometry-based optimal power control was proposed in [14] to transform the power-control problem to a new geometrical problem on the position relationship between a line and some points. This scheme provides a novel visual perspective and lowers the complexity of optimization. We generalize this scheme to a larger class of power-control optimization problems so as to maximize the network utility with multiple average and peak power constraints in wireless networks. To facilitate the handling of the geometrical model, we define a subset of geometrical models with specified characteristics, called a regular geometrical model, and derive the type of power-control problems eligible for the regular geometrical model. For such a type of problems, two strategies are proposed for the construction of the regular geometrical model. Utilizing geometrical properties, we propose a novel geometry-based optimization scheme for the general power-control problem. Its computational complexity is significantly lower than the conventional algorithms. We also provide a further discussion on irregular geometrical model cases. Finally, we provide two examples of deploying the proposed geometry-based power-control scheme. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Geometry

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A review on low-complexity structures and algorithms for the correction of mismatch errors in time-interleaved ADCs

A review on low-complexity structures and algorithms for the...

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Annual IEEE Northeast Workshop on Circuits and Systems (NEWCAS)

作者： Christian Vogel Matthias Hotz Shahzad Saleem Katharina Hausmair Michael Soudan FTW Telecommunications Research Center Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Signal Processing and Speech Communication Laboratory Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

In this paper we review the progress in the design of low-complexity digital correction structures and algorithms for time-interleaved ADCs over the last five years. We devise a discrete-time model, state the design problem, and finally derive the algorithms and structures. In particular, we discuss efficient algorithms to design time-varying correction filters as well as iterative structures utilizing polynomial based filters. Finally, we give an outlook to future research questions.

关键词： Circuits and systems Complexity theory Algorithm design and analysis Calibration Time varying systems Polynomials Time frequency analysis

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Infant cry analysis and detection

Infant cry analysis and detection

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IEEE Convention of the electrical and ELectronic Engineers in Israel

作者： Rami Cohen Yizhar Lavner Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (SIPL) Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Department of Computer Science Tel-Hai Academic College Upper Galilee Israel

In this paper we propose an algorithm for automatic detection of an infant cry. A particular application of this algorithm is the identification of a physical danger to babies, such as situations in which parents leave their children in vehicles. The proposed algorithm is based on two main stages. The first stage involves feature extraction, in which pitch related parameters, MFC (mel-frequency cepstrum) coefficients and short-time energy parameters are extracted from the signal. In the second stage, the signal is classified using the k-NN algorithm and is later verified as a cry signal, based on the pitch and harmonics information. In order to evaluate the performance of the algorithm in real world scenarios, we checked the robustness of the algorithm in the presence of several types of noise, and especially noises such as car horns and car engines that are likely to be present in vehicles. In addition, we addressed real time and low complexity demands during the development of the algorithm. In particular, we used a voice activity detector, which disabled the operation of the algorithm when voice activity was not present. A database of baby cry signals was used for performance evaluation. The results showed good performance of the proposed algorithm, even at low SNR.

关键词： Pediatrics Harmonic analysis Noise Feature extraction Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Detection algorithms Cepstrum

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Interpolation of Orientation Distribution Functions (ODFs) in Q-ball Imaging

Interpolation of Orientation Distribution Functions (ODFs) i...

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Iranian Conference of Biomedical engineering

作者： Maryam Afzali Emad Fatemizadeh Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Department of Electrical Engineering Biomedical Signal and Image Processing Laboratory(BiSIPL) Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence(CIPCE) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran & Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit Michigan USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467331289

Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTMRI) is a non-invasive method for investigating the brain white matter structure. It can be used to evaluate fiber bundles in the brain but in the regions with crossing fibers, it fails. To resolve this problem, high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) with a large number of diffusion encoding directions is used and for reconstruction, the Q-ball method is applied. In this method, orientation distribution function (ODF) of fibers can be calculated. Mathematical models play a crucial role in the field of ODF. For instance, in registering Q-ball images for applications like group analysis or atlas construction, one needs to interpolate ODFs. To this end, principal diffusion directions (PDDs) of each ODF are needed. In this paper, PDDs are defined as vectors that connect the corresponding local maxima of ODF values. Then, ODFs are interpolated using PDDs. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with previous protocols. Experimental results show that the proposed interpolation algorithm preserves the principal direction of fiber tracts without producing any deviations in the tracts. It is shown that changes in the entropy of the interpolated ODFs are almost linear and the bloating effect (blurring of the principal directions) can be removed.

关键词： High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) Q-ball imaging Orientation distribution function (ODF) Interpolation Principal diffusion direction (PDD)

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