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The missing base molecules in atmospheric acid-base nucleation

National Science Review 2022年第10期9卷 196-208页

作者： Runlong Cai Rujing Yin Chao Yan Dongsen Yang Chenjuan Deng Lubna Dada Juha Kangasluoma Jenni Kontkanen Roope Halonen Yan Ma Xiuhui Zhang Pauli Paasonen Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti Kerminen Yongchun Liu Federico Bianchi Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jiming Hao James N.Smith Neil M. Donahue Markku Kulmala Douglas R.Worsnop Jingkun Jiang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Chemistry Department University of California Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies Carnegie Mellon University Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Aerodyne Research Inc.

Transformation of low-volatility gaseous precursors to new particles affects aerosol number concentration,cloud formation and hence the *** clustering of acid and base molecules is a major mechanism driving fast nucleation and initial growth of new particles in the ***,the acid-base cluster composition,measured using state-of-the-art mass spectrometers,cannot explain the measured high formation rate of new *** we present strong evidence for the existence of base molecules such as amines in the smallest atmospheric sulfuric acid clusters prior to their detection by mass *** demonstrate that forming（H2SO4）1（amine）1is the rate-limiting step in atmospheric H2SO4-amine nucleation and the uptake of（H2SO4）1（amine）1is a major pathway for the initial growth of *** proposed mechanism is very consistent with measured new particle formation in urban Beijing,in which dimethylamine is the key base for H2SO4nucleation while other bases such as ammonia may contribute to the growth of larger *** findings further underline the fact that strong amines,even at low concentrations and when undetected in the smallest clusters,can be crucial to particle formation in the planetary boundary layer.

关键词： new particle formation acid-base nucleation aerosol polluted urban environment

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Two-step Optimal Allocation of Stationary and Mobile Energy Storage systems in Resilient Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2021年第4期9卷 788-799页

作者： Xinyi Jiang Jian Chen Qiuwei Wu Wen Zhang Yicheng Zhang Jie Liu Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Center for Electric Power and Energy(CEE) Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark(DTU)2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore State Grid Yantai Power Supply Company YantaiChina

Energy storage systems (ESSs) are acknowledged to be a promising option to cope with issues in high penetration of renewable energy and guarantee a highly reliable power supply. In this paper, a two-step optimal allocation model is proposed to obtain the optimal allocation (location and size) of stationary ESSs (SESSs) and mobile ESSs (MESSs) in the resilient distribution networks (DNs). In the first step, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem is formulated to obtain the preselected location of ESSs with consideration of different scenarios under normal operation conditions. In the second step, a two-stage robust optimization model is established to get the optimal allocation results of ESSs under failure operation conditions which are solved by column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm. A hybrid ESS allocation strategy based on the subjective and objective weight analysis is proposed to give the final allocation scheme of SESSs and MESSs. Finally, the proposed two-step optimal allocation model is demonstrated on a modified IEEE 33-bus system to show its effectiveness and merits.

关键词： Resilient distribution network stationary energy storage system mobile energy storage system optimal allocation

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Localization Method of Underwater Robot Based on Sonar Image 5

Localization Method of Underwater Robot Based on Sonar Image

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5th International Conference on Information Communication and Signal Processing, ICICSP 2022

作者： Li, Lirong Mei, Bing Chen, Peng Yu, Liang Gong, Pengcheng Hubei University of Technology Hubei Key Laboratory for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy and Operation Control of Energy Storage System Wuhan China Hubei University of Technology Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment Wuhan China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai China School of Computer Science & Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485890

In this paper, we propose a positioning algorithm based on sonar images, which is mainly used for the positioning of underwater robots, so that the robots can obtain the position information in real time when operating underwater and avoid colliding with the underwater walls. First, the underwater space was detected with multibeam sonar, and the sonar images of the underwater space wall were found to have line segment characteristics;Composite denoising, threshold segmentation and Canny edge detection are applied to the sonar image to extract the contours of the underwater spatial wall. Then the characteristic line segments of the underwater spatial wall are detected based on the LSD (Line Segment Detector) line segment detection algorithm. In terms of line segment classification, a method is proposed to effectively classify line segments using the origin of the sonar image and the slope of the detected line segment. To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the localization algorithm in this paper, the specific steps of the algorithm are illustrated with the example of underwater rectangular space. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Small-size temperature/high-pressure integrated sensor via flip-chip method

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第4期10卷 153-162页

作者： Mimi Huang Xiaoyu Wu Libo Zhao Xiangguang Han Yong Xia Yi Gao Zeyu Cui Cheng Zhang Xiaokai Yang Zhixia Qiao Zhikang Li Feng Han Ping Yang Zhuangde Jiang State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Xi’an Jiaotong University(Yantai)Research Institute for Intelligent Sensing Technology and System Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing Yantai 265503China School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University710049 Xi’anChina School of Instrument Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University710049 Xi’anChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Sensing Chongqing Academician WorkstationChongqing 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Micro/Nano Sensing and Intelligent Ecological Internet of ThingsChongqing Technology and Business UniversityNan’an DistrictChongqing 400067China Xi’an Aerospace Yuanzheng Fluid Control Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710049China

Hydraulic technology with smaller sizes and higher reliability trends,including fault prediction and intelligent control,requires high-performance temperature and pressure-integrated *** designs rely on planar wafer-or chip-level integration,which is limited by pressure range,chip size,and low *** propose a small-size temperature/high-pressure integrated sensor via the flip-chip *** pressure and temperature units are arranged vertically,and the sensing signals of the two units are integrated into one plane through silicon vias and gold–gold bonding,reducing the lateral size and improving the efficiency of signal *** flip-chip technique ensures a reliable electrical connection.A square diaphragm with rounded corners is designed and optimised with simulation to sense high pressure based on the piezoresistive *** temperature sensing unit with a thin-film platinum resistor measures temperature and provides back-end high-precision compensation,which will improve the precision of the pressure *** integrated chip is fabricated by MEMS technology and packaged to fabricate the extremely small integrated *** integrated sensor is characterised,and the pressure sensor exhibits a sensitivity and sensitivity drift of 7.97mV/MPa and−0.19%FS in the range of 0–20 MPa and−40 to 120℃.The linearity,hysteresis,repeatability,accuracy,basic error,and zero-time drift are 0.16%FS,0.04%FS,0.06%FS,0.18%FS,±0.23%FS and 0.04%FS,*** measurement error of the temperature sensor and temperature coefficient of resistance is less than±1°C and 3142.997 ppm/℃,*** integrated sensor has broad applicability in fault diagnosis and safety monitoring of high-end equipment such as automobile detection,industrial equipment,and oil drilling platforms.

关键词： size corners sizes

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The Enhancing Effect of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet on Summer Extreme High-Temperature Events over Central-Eastern China Since the Late 1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第3期42卷 453-466页

作者： Chujie GAO Yuyu NIU Gen LI Shanlei SUN Bo LU Chaofan LI Bei XU Jinglong HUANG Xiubao SUN College of Oceanography&Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)&Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Laboratory for Climate Studies and CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Xiong’an Institute of Meteorological Artificial Intellegence Xiong'an 071708China Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211169China

The increase in frequency and intensity of Extreme High-temperature Events(EHEs)over Central-Eastern China(CEC)in recent decades has severely impacted social development and *** observation and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the effect of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream(EAJ)on the CEC EHEs for the summers spanning 1979–*** its general relative location to the right side of the upper-level jet stream exit region,CEC would theoretically suffer more EHEs with a stronger and northwardly-shifted EAJ in summer due to the likelihood of abnormal subsidence induced by the ***,such an EAJ–EHE connection has been unstable over the past four decades but has displayed an evident interdecadal *** the late 1990s,the interannual variation of the EAJ was manifested mainly by its meridional displacement in the northeastern part of East Asia;thus,the atmospheric responses were essentially located to the east of CEC,exerting less of an influence on the CEC ***,since the late 1990s,the EAJ variation has featured an intensity change in its center over the northwest portion of the CEC,which has resulted in a westward shift in atmospheric responses to cover the CEC ***,the EAJ could potentially affect the summer CEC EHEs during 2000–*** findings offer support for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanisms of extreme weather/climate events of this nature and thus provide a scientific reference for seasonal climate predictions.

关键词： summer extreme high-temperature events East Asian subtropical jet atmospheric circulation central-eastern China interdecadal change

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research on Data Integration Technology of Large Power Grid Operation Mode for Unconventional Event Analysis

Research on Data Integration Technology of Large Power Grid ...

引用

IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy system Integration (EI2)

作者： Xuetao Yang Kaixin Liu Dunwen Song Weiwei Miao Facai Xing HaiCheng Tu Power System Department China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI) Beijing China Shandong Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan China Power Grid Technology Center State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute Jinan China School of Communication Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798331523527

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523534

The operating laws and characteristics of the new power system have undergone fundamental changes, and are intertwined with the impact of unconventional events such as natural disasters, resulting in a significant increase in safety risks. Firstly, based on the online analysis requirements of unconventional events, a data integration framework for the operation mode of the power grid was constructed, covering both online and offline data generation. Secondly, a standardized integration method for online data to simulation calculation data was proposed, which combines processes such as operational data parsing, topology correlation analysis, and flow convergence adjustment based on reactive power configuration. Finally, based on the characteristics of the impact of unconventional events, a predictive and clustered set of power grid faults is dynamically formed, providing basic data for the study of the evolution law of unconventional event modes. The multi-stage power grid operation mode data integration platform based on the above principles is of great significance for realizing the full cycle analysis of unconventional events and the application of emergency support technology.

关键词： Reactive power Correlation Disasters Data integration Energy Internet system integration Data collection Power grids Topology Load flow

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Crushing Behavior of Contact-Aided Alsi10mg Sandwich Structure Based on Chiral Mechanical Metamaterials

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Xu, Weiyun Zhang, Lei Zhang, Boqin Zhang, Hanyu Liu, Zhao Zhu, Ping The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration National Engineering Research Center of Automotive Power and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Design Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

Mechanical metamaterials with unique properties inaccessible for their constituent materials have aroused great interest in various fields. As metamaterials with additional screw degrees of freedom, chiral mechanical metamaterials reveal a prosect in impact resistance and energy absorption recently by not only facilitating the bending-dominated characteristics in deformation but also enabling possible energy dissipation through contact among unit cells. However, the corresponding energy absorbing capabilities are still understudied considering more complex deformation modes. In this paper, we systematically investigated the impact of the compression-to-twist effect of chiral metamaterials on the crushing behavior. By introducing intercellular contact during twisting deformation to the design method, AlSi10Mg sandwich structures composed of chiral metamaterials were designed, manufactured, and tested. We demonstrated and discussed the unique deformation mechanism and failure mode which showed a multi-segment mechanical responses to a flat compression, followed by the structure-property relationships with respect to specific energy absorption (SEA) and compressive modulus. The proposed metamaterials with a contact-aided twist indicated a practical way of combining bending-dominated lattices and stretching-dominated ones, paving the road for designing metamaterials with graded energy absorption performance, rigid-flexible coupling properties, multi-functional responses, etc. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy absorption

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for mixing state characterization of individual fine particles during a haze episode in Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 216-224页

作者： Hui Chen Fengkui Duan Jingjing Du Ranhao Yin Lidan Zhu Jinlu Dong Kebin He Zhenli Sun Suhua Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemcial Pollution Processes and Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China

The nondestructive characterization of the mixing state of individual fine particles using the traditional single particle analysis technique remains a *** this study,fine particles were collected during haze events under different pollution levels from September 5 to 112017 in Beijing,China.A nondestructive surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)technique was employed to investigate the morphology,chemical composition,and mixing state of the multiple components in the individual fine *** image and SERS spectral analysis results show that soot existing in the form of opaque material was predominant during clear periods(PM_(2.5)≤75μg/m^(3)).During polluted periods(PM_(2.5)>75μg/m^(3)),opaque particles mixed with transparent particles(nitrates and sulfates)were generally *** classical least squares analysis further identified the relative abundances of the three major components of the single particles:soot(69.18%),nitrates(28.71%),and sulfates(2.11%).A negative correlation was observed between the abundance of soot and the mass concentration of PM_(2.5).Furthermore,mapping analysis revealed that on hazy days,PM_(2.5)existed as a core-shell structure with soot surrounded by nitrates and *** mixing state analysis method for individual PM_(2.5)particles provides information regarding chemical composition and haze formation mechanisms,and has the potential to facilitate the formulation of haze prevention and control policies.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Individual fine particle Nitrate Sulfate Soot

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LU2Net: A Lightweight Network for Real-time Underwater Image Enhancement

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yang, Haodong Xu, Jisheng Lin, Zhiliang He, Jianping The Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University China The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240 China The School of Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai200240 China

Computer vision techniques have empowered underwater robots to effectively undertake a multitude of tasks, including object tracking and path planning. However, underwater optical factors like light refraction and absorption present challenges to underwater vision, which cause degradation of underwater images. A variety of underwater image enhancement methods have been proposed to improve the effectiveness of underwater vision perception. Nevertheless, for real-time vision tasks on underwater robots, it is necessary to overcome the challenges associated with algorithmic efficiency and real-time capabilities. In this paper, we introduce Lightweight Underwater Unet (LU2Net), a novel U-shape network designed specifically for real-time enhancement of underwater images. The proposed model incorporates axial depthwise convolution and the channel attention module, enabling it to significantly reduce computational demands and model parameters, thereby improving processing speed. The extensive experiments conducted on the dataset and real-world underwater robots demonstrate the exceptional performance and speed of proposed model. It is capable of providing well-enhanced underwater images at a speed 8 times faster than the current state-of-the-art underwater image enhancement method. Moreover, LU2Net is able to handle real-time underwater video enhancement. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Motion planning

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Railway Environmental Scenario Recognition for GNSS Localization based on Deep Learning and Vit Model 23

Railway Environmental Scenario Recognition for GNSS Localiza...

引用

23rd International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2022

作者： Sun, Hao Lu, Debiao Cai, Baigen Lan, Tianxiang Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Engineering Research Center of Emc Gnss Technology for Rail Transport School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100044 China Beijing Jiaotong University Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Engineering Research Center of Emc and Gnss Technology for Rail Transport School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100044 China Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100044 China Institute for Intermodal Transportation and Logistic Systems Technical University of Braunschweig Braunschweig38108 Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665481113

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481113

The environmental scenario along the railway can be categorized as tunnel, open area, urban canyon etc. As the train moves, the environment is changing and challenging which may influence Global Navigation Satellite system (GNSS) accuracy. Environment scenarios have different characteristics, which are the main ground error source for GNSS. In order to improve GNSS for train localization robustness, it is necessary to recognize environment characteristics in each environment scenario. The GNSS receiver delivers position result information obeying NMEA-183 protocol, PRN, azimuth, elevation and SNR (Signal-to-noise-ratio) etc. Such information can be regarded as parameters to describe the environment scenario. Thus, it is meaningful to generate the heatmap state of the scenario by collecting satellite observations, using interpolation and position transformation. We train the heatmap dataset based on the Vision Transformer (ViT) model to recognize the actual receiver scenario. The overall accuracy of the model in the validation set is 88.7%. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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