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Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Tunneling with Transmuted Material Singularity

Physical Review Letters 2020年第20期125卷 207401-207401页

作者： Yichao Liu Fei Sun Yibiao Yang Zhihui Chen Jianzhong Zhang Sailing He Yungui Ma Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research College of Optical Science and Engineering International Research Center for Advanced Photonics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Department of Electromagnetic Engineering School of Electrical Engineering Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) S-100 44 Stockholm Sweden

Subwavelength channels filled with near-zero-index (NZI) media can realize extraordinary optical functionalities, for example, tunneling electromagnetic wave without reflections, but usually confined in a narrow wavelength band due to the material singularity (refractive index n≈0), which seriously limits the practical potentials. In this Letter, we show this limit can be fundamentally overcome by an alternative, named near-zero-index-featured (NZIF) structure, with the singularity transmuted via a controlled optical conformal mapping, enabling the device implementation with nonmagnetic normal dielectrics (i.e., relative permittivity >1). Their equivalence is strictly examined through a subwavelength tunneling waveguide. Classic wave tunneling features in a broad frequency range are revealed in various confined geometries. These properties are robust against the disturbance of several kinds of structural defects benefited from the infinite effective local wavelength. The broadband and lossless NZIF medium proposed here provides a promising way to pursue the fascinating light controlling functionalities as initially enabled by singular NZI materials.

关键词： Transformation optics Waveguides

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Unexpected frequency of horizontal oscillations of magnetic structures in the solar photosphere

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Berretti, M. Stangalini, M. Verth, G. Jafarzadeh, S. Jess, D.B. Berrilli, F. Grant, S.D.T. Duckenfield, T. Fedun, V. University of Trento Via Calepina 14 Trento38122 Italy University of Rome Tor Vergata Department of Physics Via della Ricerca Scientifica 3 Rome00133 Italy ASI Italian Space Agency Via del Politecnico snc Rome00133 Italy Plasma Dynamics Group School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Sheffield Hicks Building Hounsfield Road SheffieldS3 7RH United Kingdom Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3 Göttingen37077 Germany Niels Bohr International Academy Niels Bohr Institute Blegdamsvej 17 CopenhagenDK-2100 Denmark Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast Northern Ireland BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Northridge NorthridgeCA91330 United States Plasma Dynamics Group Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Mappin Street SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom

It is well known that the dominant frequency of oscillations in the solar photosphere is ≈3 mHz, which is the result of global resonant modes pertaining to the whole stellar structure. However, analyses of the horizontal motions of nearly 1 million photospheric magnetic elements spanning the entirety of solar cycle 24 have revealed an unexpected dominant frequency, ≈5 mHz, a frequency typically synonymous with the chromosphere. Given the distinctly different physical properties of the magnetic elements examined in our statistical sample, when compared to largely quiescent solar plasma where ≈3 mHz frequencies are omnipresent, we argue that the dominant ≈5 mHz frequency is not caused by the buffeting of magnetic elements, but instead is due to the nature of the underlying oscillatory driver itself. This novel result was obtained by exploiting the unmatched spatial and temporal coverage of magnetograms acquired by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Our findings provide a timely avenue for future exploration of the magnetic connectivity between sub-photospheric, photospheric, and chromospheric layers of the Sun’s dynamic atmosphere. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic structure

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Increased terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage associated with global utility-scale photovoltaic installation

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Nature Geoscience 2025年 1-8页

作者： Qingrui Wang Lintao Shao Xinyi Tang Qing Yang Kai Wang Shuchang Tang Ondřej Mašek Gesa Meyer Jan Kleissl Liwei Zhang Mudan Wang Weisheng Wang Stephen Sitch State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of New Energy Science and Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China UK Biochar Research Centre School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Climate Research Division Environment and Climate Change Canada Victoria British Columbia Canada Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research University of California San Diego CA USA State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China Research Institute for Eco-civilization Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of the Operation and Control of Renewable Energy and Storage Systems China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing China Faculty of Environment Science and Economy University of Exeter Exeter UK

Utility-scale photovoltaic (USPV) stands out as one of the foremost renewable energy technologies crucial for achieving global climate targets, owing to its low carbon footprint. While individual case studies exist, a comprehensive global analysis of the impacts of USPV deployment on land-cover changes and subsequent carbon pool dynamics across diverse ecosystems remains lacking. Here we show that worldwide deployment of USPV plants between 2000 and 2018 would increase the carbon pool of the hosting ecosystem by a total of 2.1 TgC over their lifespans, as revealed by the ensemble mean of multiple datasets. Although the carbon pool changes associated with global USPV deployment currently contribute approximately\({15.9}_{-5.8}^{+1.0}\%\)(\({{{\mathrm{ensemble}}\; {\mathrm{mean}}}}_{-{{\mathrm{difference}}\; {\mathrm{to}}\; {\mathrm{percentile}}}\,25}^{+{{\mathrm{difference}}\; {\mathrm{to}}\; {\mathrm{percentile}}}\,75}\)) (or an average absolute carbon footprint of approximately\({10.5}_{-3.8}^{+0.5}\,{\mathrm{g}}\)CO2-equivalent per kilowatt-hour) of the carbon footprint of USPV plants, this share is projected to increase by around 7-fold by 2050, driven primarily by decreasing photovoltaic manufacturing emissions. Notably, optimizing land management strategies can potentially enhance carbon density in the hosting ecosystem of existing USPV plants by approximately\({3.0}_{-0.4}^{+3.7}\,{\mathrm{kgC}}\,{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}\), thereby facilitating an average reduction of\({4.3}_{-0.2}^{+9.3}\%\)in the carbon footprint of these USPV plants.

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Complete Test Suites Generation of CTCS-3 Target Speed Monitor Based on Combinatorial Testing

Complete Test Suites Generation of CTCS-3 Target Speed Monit...

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第三十八届中国控制会议

作者： Kehang Chen Jidong Lv Zhengwei Luo Tao Tang Shigen Gao National Engineering Research Centre of Rail Transportation Operation and Control System Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University

As an one-time braking mode curve, which is generated by the Target Speed Monitor（TSM） in Chinese Train control system Level 3（CTCS-3） based on the target speed, target distance, line condition, and train characteristics, performs the core safety critical functions. However, it is characterized by large parameters input domain, complex fault modes, and complicated combinations of various parameters and fault modes, which make it difficult to be effectively and efficiently tested in the train on-board equipment. In this paper, a methodology of complete test suites generated technology for the CTCS-3 TSM has been presented based on combinatorial testing（CT） strategies theory. Firstly, according to the system requirement specification（SRS）of CTCS-3, the combinatorial testing model of CTCS-3 TSM is built, which considering the selection of system parameters and its related constraints. Secondly, one of the combination strategies, in parameter order general（IPOG）, is applied to obtain the test suites under different coverage criteria. Finally, the mutation analysis has been introduced to detect the ability of the generated test suites with different faults. We also show some interesting results to compare with the test suites generated by the random testing in the same conditions.

关键词： CTCS-3 Train control system Target Speed Monitoring Combinatorial Testing

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Thermal pyrolysis of Si@ZIF-67 into Si@N-doped CNTs towards highly stable lithium storage

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Science Bulletin 2020年第6期65卷 452-459,M0003页

作者： Dun Jin Xianfeng Yang Yuqing Ou Mumin Rao Yaotang Zhong Guangmin Zhou Daiqi Ye Yongcai Qiu Yuping Wu Weishan Li School of Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Analytical and Testing Centre South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Zhao Qing Outstanding Power Battery System Co. Ltd.Zhaoqing 526238.China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control School of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs Engineering Research Center of MTEES(Ministry of Education)and Key Laboratory of ETESPG(GHEI)South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Silicon is attracting considerable attention as an active anode material for advanced lithium-ion batteries due to its ultrahigh theoretical capacity. However, the reversible utilization of silicon-based anode materials is still hindered by the rapid capacity decay, as a consequence of the huge volume change of silicon during cycling. Herein, we use a Co-zeolitic imidazole framework(ZIF-67) to prepare silicon-wrapped nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes(Si@N-doped CNTs) by controllable thermal pyrolysis. The asprepared nanocomposites can effectively prevent pulverization and accommodate volume fluctuations of silicon during cycling. It can deliver a highly reversible capacity of 1100 m Ah g-1 even after 750 cycles at a current density of 1000 m A g-1. As confirmed by an in situ transmission electron microscopy experiment, the remarkable electrochemical performance of Si@N-doped CNTs is attributed to the high electronic conductivity and flexibility of cross-linked N-doped CNTs network as a cushion to mitigate the mechanical stress and volume expansion. Furthermore, a full cell consisting of Si@N-doped CNTs anode and Li Fe PO4 cathode delivers a high reversible capacity of 1264 m Ah g-1 and exhibits good cycling stability(>85% capacity retention) over 140 cycles at 1/4 C(1 C = 4000 m A g-1) rate.

关键词： N-doped CNTs In situ growth Silicon nanoparticles Lithium storage Cyclic stability

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Publisher Correction: Ozone pollution mitigation strategy informed by long-term trends of atmospheric oxidation capacity

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Nature Geoscience 2024年 172页

作者： Wenjie Wang Xin Li Ying Liu Sihua Lu Yusheng Wu Shiyi Chen Keding Lu Min Hu Limin Zeng Min Shao Yuanhang Zhang Hang Su Yafang Cheng Ruijing Ni Ulrich Pöschl Zhaofeng Tan Franz Rohrer Andreas Wahner David D. Parrish Cheng Huang Xudong Tian K. M. Leung Liangfu Chen Meng Fan Qiang Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz Germany International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control Ministry of Education Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking University Beijing China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University Guangzhou China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai China Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung: Troposphäre (IEK-8) Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality Control of Zhejiang Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou China Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science The Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China

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A new era of China-Germany joint research exploring the climate mystery of Earth

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Science Bulletin 2019年第23期64卷 1733-1736页

作者： Tianjun Zhou Jung Luterbacher Shaohong Wu Chao Li Qingchen Chao Xiao Cheng Yihong Duan Jian Li Bjorn Stevens Sebastian Voigt Yuanhang Zhang Xunhua Zheng Liwei Zou State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Geography ClimatologyClimate Dynamics and Climate ChangeJustus-Liebig University of GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Centre for International Development and Environmental Research University of GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Beijing Climate Center China Meteorology AdministrationBeijing 100081China College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Centre for European Economic Research Mannheim 68161Germany College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

China and Germany have a long history of collaborating in the Earth sciences. One example is the collaborative work in plumbing the mysteries of climate in China. German geographer Prof. Dr. Ferdinand von Richthofen led the first scientific expedition of the Loess Plateau and Lop Nur during the 1870s. The expedition established the theory of the eolian origin of the plateau. The term"Silk Road"("die Seidenstrasse" in German) was also coined by Prof.

关键词： China. Earth climate

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reversible in-situ exsolution of Fe catalyst in La0.5Sr1.5Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ anode for SOFCs 16

reversible in-situ exsolution of Fe catalyst in La0.5Sr1.5Fe...

引用

16th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC 2019

作者： Qi, H. Yang, T. Li, W. Ma, L. Hu, S. Shi, W. Sabolsky, E.M. Zondlo, J. Hart, R. Hackett, G.A. Liu, X. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States National Energy Technology Laboratory MorgantownWV26505 United States Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education P.O. Box 117 Oak RidgeTN37830 United States Department of Energy and Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing10083 China GE Global Research Centre NiskayunaNY12309 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781607688747

In-situ exsolution is widely considered to be an efficient and cost-effective method to enhance the electrochemical performance of a ceramic anode in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, by controlling the non-stoichiometry of Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ with A-site doping, evenly distributed Fe nano-particles (~100 nm) were obtained on surface of La0.5Sr1.5Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ (LSFM) when treated in hydrogen. In a redox environment, excellent exsolution-dissolution reversibility was also demonstrated. Electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to evaluate the surface reaction kinetics change during exsolution. The surface exchange coefficient (kex) was increased by 1.5 to 2 times with Fe exsolution. Based on distribution of relaxation time (DRT) analysis, the polarization resistance (Rp) associating with surface process was reduced in the first few hours. Both results revealed an enhanced surface reaction kinetics which mainly benefits from the high catalytic activity of exsolved nano-particles to H2 adsorption and dissociation process. © The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet 2023年第10397期402卷 203-234页

作者： Ong, Kanyin Liane Stafford, Lauryn K. McLaughlin, Susan A. Boyko, Edward J. Vollset, Stein Emil Smith, Amanda E. Dalton, Bronte E. Duprey, Joe Cruz, Jessica A. Hagins, Hailey Lindstedt, Paulina A. Aali, Amirali Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate, Melsew Dagne Abbasian, Mohammadreza Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen ElHafeez, Samar Abd Abd-Rabu, Rami Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md Abedi, Vida Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adane, Tigist Demssew Adane, Denberu Eshetie Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adekanmbi, Victor Adepoju, Abiola Victor Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afolabi, Rotimi Felix Agarwal, Gina Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Agudelo-Botero, Marcela Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth Aguilera Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Luai A. Ahmed, Syed Anees Ajami, Marjan Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Al Hamad, Hanadi Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali Alalwan, Tariq A. Al-Aly, Ziyad AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alemi, Sharifullah Ali, Hassam Alinia, Tahereh Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Firehiwot Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amiri, Sohrab Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansar, Adnan Ansari, Golnoosh Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Arifin, Hidayat Arkew, Mesay Armocida, Benedetta Arnlov, Johan Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Arumugam, Ashokan Aryan, Zahra Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad Askari, Elaheh Asmelash, Daniel Astell-Burt, Thomas Athar, Mohammad Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Avila-Burgos, Leticia Awaisu, Ahmed Azadnajafabad, Sina Darshan, B.B. Babamohamadi, Hassan Badar, Muhammad Badawi, Alaa Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Baghe Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation School of Medicine General Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine France Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Aleta Wondo Hospital Aleta Wondo Ethiopia Department of Nursing Woldia University Woldia Ethiopia Department of Nursing Department of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopaedic Surgery Social Determinants of Health Research Center Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Epidemiology Department Evidence-Based Practice Center Community and Maternity Nursing Unit University of Duhok Duhok Iraq School of Planning Faculty of Environment Department of Public Health Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Pennsylvania State University Hershey PA United States Biocomplexity Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States College of Medicine Department of Public Health Laboratory Technology Sciences Department Department of Family and Community Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Clinical Sciences Department Department of Surgery Department of Surgery Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Centre for Social Research in Health Quality and Systems Performance Unit Cancer Institute NSW Sydney NSW Australia Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine HIV and Infectious Diseases Department Jhpiego Abuja Nigeria Adolescent Research and Care Department Adolescent Friendly Research Initiative and Care Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Department of Family Medicine McMaster University

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined;these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs;defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims;type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative r

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Sausage, kink, and fluting MHD wave modes identified in solar magnetic pores by Solar Orbiter/PHI

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jafarzadeh, S. Schiavo, L.A.C.A. Fedun, V. Solanki, S.K. Stangalini, M. Calchetti, D. Verth, G. Jess, D.B. Grant, S.D.T. Ballai, I. Gafeira, R. Keys, P.H. Fleck, B. Morton, R.J. Browning, P.K. Silva, S.S.A. Appourchaux, T. Gandorfer, A. Gizon, L. Hirzberger, J. Kahil, F. Suárez, D. Orozco Schou, J. Strecker, H. del Toro Iniesta, J.C. Valori, G. Volkmer, R. Woch, J. Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3 Göttingen37077 Germany School of Physics & Astronomy The University of Manchester Oxford Road ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Department of Mathematics Physics and Electrical Engineering Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneNE1 8ST United Kingdom Plasma Dynamics Group Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Mappin Street SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom ASI Italian Space Agency Via del Politecnico snc RomeI-00133 Italy Plasma Dynamics Group School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Sheffield Hicks Building Hounsfield Road SheffieldS3 7RH United Kingdom Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Northridge NorthridgeCA91330 United States Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço Department of Physics University of Coimbra Coimbra3040-004 Portugal ESA Science and Operations Department c/o NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Univ. Paris-Sud Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale UMR 8617 CNRS Bâtiment 121 Orsay91405 Cedex France Apartado de Correos 3004 GranadaE-18080 Spain Leibniz-Institut für Sonnenphysik Schöneckstr. 6 FreiburgD-79104 Germany Institut für Astrophysik und Geophysik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 Göttingen37077 Germany

Solar pores are intense concentrations of magnetic flux that emerge through the Sun’s photosphere. When compared to sunspots, they are much smaller in diameter and hence can be impacted and buffeted by neighbouring granular activity to generate significant magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave energy flux within their confines. However, observations of solar pores from ground-based telescope facilities may struggle to capture subtle motions synonymous with higher-order MHD wave signatures due to seeing effects produced in the Earth’s atmosphere. Hence, we have exploited timely seeing-free and high-quality observations of four small magnetic pores from the High Resolution Telescope (HRT) of the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (PHI) on board the Solar Orbiter spacecraft, during its first close perihelion passage in March 2022 (at a distance of 0.5 au from the Sun). Through acquisition of data under stable observing conditions, we have been able to measure the area fluctuations and horizontal displacements of the solar pores. Cross correlations between perturbations in intensity, area, line-of-sight velocity, and magnetic fields, coupled with the first-time application of novel Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) techniques on the boundary oscillations, provide a comprehensive diagnosis of the embedded MHD waves as sausage and kink modes. Additionally, the previously elusive m = 2 fluting mode is identified in the most magnetically isolated of the four pores. An important consideration lies in how the identified wave modes contribute towards the transfer of energy into the upper solar atmosphere. We find that the four pores examined have approximately 56%, 72%, 52%, and 34% of their total wave energy associated with the identified sausage modes, and around 23%, 17%, 39%, and 49% to their kink modes, respectively, while the first pore also has around an 11% contribution linked to the fluting mode. This study marks the first-time identification of concurrent sausage, kin

关键词： Magnetohydrodynamics

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