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Influence mechanism of congestion degree of layout on domino effect in petrochemical plants 10

Influence mechanism of congestion degree of layout on domino...

2020 10th Chinese Geosynthetics Conference and International Symposium on Civil Engineering and Geosynthetics, ISCEG 2020

作者： Huang, Wenduo Shao, Xuechun Wang, Jiajie Xiao, Yang Sun, Dongliang State Environ. Protect. Key Lab. of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China

The study focused on the establishment of the congestion degree in describing the layout of process plants, and discovering the influence mechanism of congestion degree on the risk of domino effect, in view of the fact that the congestion degree has not been used to represent the characteristics of petrochemical plant layout. A characterization model was built for the congestion degree of process plant layouts applying the theory of fuzzy model that it took safety distance, the amount of materials involved and the hazard of these substances into consideration, and came out with a membership function through logical calculus, which made congestion degree a comparable data. Secondly, a systematic domino effect risk analysis method was generalized on account of domino effect quantitative risk analysis method which include the equipment damage probability, the domino effect occurrence probability, risk analysis based on the consequences, individual risk index and social risk index, the process plant natural risk index and real risk index, and then these indices were compared to select the most suitable ones to illustrate the risk of domino effect and to research about part of the storage tank field of a petrochemical plant. Finally, the influence mechanism of layout congestion degree on domino effect of regional accident was obtained through this quantitative analysis. Simultaneously, a range of the congestion degree was acquired according to the individual risk index which can be used as a reference in the design stage of the process plant. The result proved that high congestion degree in process plant greatly increased the risk of domino effect in most of the quantitative risk analysis index, such as the probability of resulting in secondary accidents, the harm on both human and the equipments caused by the initial accident, and the individual risk and social risk, etc. The characterization models for the congestion degree and the domino risk analysis method establish

关键词： Petrochemical plants

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Self-Enhanced Oxidation of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics by Cu2+/Peroxymonosulfate: Copper Coordination Mechanism with Antibiotics

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhao, Qing Chen, Long Wang, Zhiqiang Zhou, Lei Gong, Xueqing Xiu, Guangli Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants School of Resources & Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes School of Resources & Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis Centre for Computational Chemistry Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Trace amounts of copper have been reported to effectively promote peroxymonosulfate (PMS) induced degradation of several contaminants, while the underlying mechanism remains controversial in the transformation process of copper. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) are a class of drugs applied to both humans and animals, widely used in animal husbandry, aquaculture and other farming industries since they have a wide antimicrobial spectrum and strong antimicrobial activity. However, FQs are not completely absorbed by receptors, and enter the environmental media through various pathways in the form of parent or metabolite. In this study, the existence of metallic copper promoted PMS induced FQs oxidation over a range of pH 5-9, and the promotion effect was highly related with copper-FQs complexation. Formation of highly reactive trivalent copper species (Cu3+) was proposed to be responsible for such promotion effect, which was further confirmed by quenching experiments, spectroscopic analyses and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) test. A stepwise copper reduction-oxidation mechanism was explored, herein Cu2+ was initially reduced to Cu+ with a relatively slow rate, which can be rapidly oxidize to Cu3+ by PMS. Results obtained in this study emphasize that the system undergoes the valence transition Cu2+/Cu+/Cu3+ rather than the free radical process. In particular, the promotion of copper in the system showed a significant positive correlation with the complexation ratio, further emphasizing the key role of the coordination of pollutants with Cu (II) in the oxidative transformation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Copper compounds

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Photochemical fate of nonionic polyacrylamide induced by hydroxyl radicals in the natural water: Mineralization mechanism exploration and half-life time evaluation

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Science of the Total environment 2024年 947卷 174485页

作者： Jia, Daqing Therias, Sandrine Voelker, François Kieffer, Johann Favero, Cédrick Mailhot, Gilles Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France SNF ZAC de milieux 42160 SA Andrézieux-Bouthéon France National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France

Water-soluble polyacrylamide (PAM) compounds have been used extensively in various sectors. The abundance of PAM in the environment raises concerns about its environmental impact. However, the mineralization of PAM in water under natural light irradiation remains insufficiently explored. This study utilizes nonionic PAM (nPAM) as a representative model to investigate both the mechanism and efficiency of nPAM degradation in water when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the hydroxyl radical source. In the dark or with only UVA irradiation, negligible mineralization of nPAM occurred. In contrast, the presence of hydroxyl radicals (produced by the UVA/H2O2 system) produced 50 % nPAM mineralization over 7 days under our experimental conditions. The corresponding molecular weight (MW) of the nPAM was swiftly reduced from 1.58 ×106 Da to 1.59 ×103 Da in 3 days. Moreover, five carboxylic acids and nitrate ions were identified as the photodegradation intermediates of nPAM. The efficiencies of nPAM photodegradation by the UVA/H2O2 system in different natural waters and environmental conditions were assessed. The rate constant for the reaction between the hydroxyl radical and nPAM was 2.17 ×109 M-unit−1 s−1. The half-lives of nPAM in the sea and continental surface waters were determined to be several years and dozens of days, respectively. The application of UVB obviously accelerated the mineralization of nPAM in ultrapure water (71 % degradation in 7 days). Moreover, mineralization of concentrated nPAM (200 mg/L) in sea water was more efficient when both UVA- and UVB-activated H2O2 were used. Additionally, toxic acrylamide was not generated during nPAM photodegradation. Moreover, the photodegradation intermediates from nPAM were found to be neither acutely nor chronically toxic to aquatic organisms. This comprehensive study sheds light on the photochemical fate of nPAM in natural waters and provides essential insight for practical treatment of

关键词： Rate constants

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Full-scale studies are closer to reality than lab-scale ones: Tertiary treatment constructed wetlands maintain robust removal capability for pharmaceuticals and personal care products in cold weather conditions

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Bioresource Technology 2025年 432卷 132661页

作者： Wang, Jiaxi Ye, Beibei Yu, Xia Yan, Ruiqi Lin, Hui Man, Ying Sui, Qian State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Beijing100015 China School of Chemistry and Environment Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang524088 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

In contrast to previous lab-scale studies, full-scale studies show that low temperatures do not significantly hinder pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP) removal in tertiary treatment constructed wetland (CW) systems. This study investigated PPCP removal pathways (substrate adsorption, plant uptake, microbial degradation) in two full-scale CWs, highlighting the differences between full-scale and lab-scale study outcomes. Results demonstrated that low temperatures did not adversely affect PPCP removal in full-scale CWs. Substrate adsorption was minimally impacted at a relevant concentration of 100 ng/L, unlike lab-scale studies with typically higher concentrations (1 mg/L). Plant uptake was not affected, as mature plants in CWs exhibited a lower PPCP uptake capacity compared to seedlings in lab-scale studies. Furthermore, low temperatures did not reduce microbial biodegradation performance. However, low temperatures increased dissolved oxygen concentrations in the influent, supporting aerobic microbial activity. These findings emphasize the value of full-scale CWs for stable PPCP removal under low-temperature conditions. © 2025

关键词： Inclusions

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Seasonal patterns and environmental drivers of atmospheric microplastics in a coastal megacity

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environmental Research 2025年 279卷 121763页

作者： Jia, Qilong Duan, Yusen Song, Zhaofeng Han, Xiaolin Wang, Xiaochong Wang, Limin Song, Daoping Chen, Jia Xiu, Guangli State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes School of Resources & Environmental Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants School of Resources & Environmental Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Technology Center for Reduction of Pollution and Carbon Emissions Shanghai200235 China Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai200233 China School of Public Health Shandong Second Medical University Weifang261053 China Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre Shanghai200235 China

Atmospheric microplastics (MPs) pose emerging environmental and health risks, yet their temporal dynamics, sources and environmental interactions in coastal cities remain poorly understood. To address this gap, a year-long atmospheric MPs monitoring campaign was conducted in Shanghai, employing microscopic and spectroscopic identification of particles, along with multi-indicator correlation analysis involving air pollutants, particulate components, and meteorological factors. Results showed an annual average MPs concentration of 0.08 P/m3, with significantly higher concentrations in winter than in other seasons (p 2 (r = 0.55), indicating contributions from industrial emissions, and negatively with O3 (r = −0.41), suggesting oxidative degradation. Positive correlations with Cl− (r = 0.82) and Na+ (r = −0.53) implied marine aerosol influence, while the associations of PET, PE, and PP with Pb and K suggested potential sources from industrial emissions and biomass burning. Meteorological factors and marine monsoons climate significantly regulated MPs accumulation and removal, with low wind speeds in winter facilitating pollution accumulation, whereas wet-season southeasterly monsoons and precipitation enhanced particle removal and marine aerosol interactions. In conclusion, this study elucidates the spatiotemporal dynamics, sources, and local-regional mechanisms of atmospheric MPs in coastal cities, emphasizing the regulatory roles of meteorological and monsoonal factors. These findings provide scientific support for pollution control and policy development. © 2025

关键词： Health risks

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Numerical Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Biomass Feeder 5

Numerical Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristi...

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2018 5th International Conference on Advanced Composite Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, ACMME 2018

作者： Wang, Zhenhua Chang, Yulong Liu, Zheming Wang, Hualin State Environ. Protect. Key Lab. of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China

In this paper, designed a swirling feeder for biomass tar, The numerical simulation of flow characteristics and temperature field heat transfer characteristics of the internal flow field was performed. Mixture multiphase flow model and Reynolds stress turbulence model are used, in the case of different feed flow ratios, Solved the internal flow field, concentration field and temperature field;Through research shows that when the flow ratio i = 0.6 ∼ 0.8, Biomass tar can enter the reactor through the feeder without causing coking. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Flow fields

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Biodegradation of bezafibrate by the activated sludge under aerobic condition:Effect of initial concentration,temperature and pH

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Emerging Contaminants 2016年第4期2卷 173-177页

作者： Qian Sui Pingping Yan Xuqi Cao Shuguang Lu Wentao Zhao Maozhe Chen State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanghai Center for Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction Co. LtdShanghai 200003China Journal of Water Purification Technology Shanghai 200082China

lab-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of initial concentration,temperature and pH on the removal of bezafibrate(BF)by activated sludge under aerobic *** results showed that adsorption of BF onto activated sludge was negligible,and biodegradation was the main removal mechanism of *** removal of BF in the aqueous phase by the activated sludge can be described by a pseudo-first-order *** reaction rate constants had a negative relationship with the initial concentration of BF,and dramatically reduced from 0.050 to 0.007 h^-1,when the temperature dropped from 20℃to 10℃.Variation of pH between 5.0 and 9.0 did not have significant influence on the removal of BF,indicating a high adaptation of microorganism in the activated sludge responsible for BF degradation to a wide pH *** findings of this study are helpful to improve the removal of pharmaceuticals during the wastewater treatment plants by selecting the appropriate process variables,and eventually eliminate their release to the environment.

关键词： PPCPs Biodegradation Sludge Initial concentration Temperature pH

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Retraction notice to "Submicrometer particles and their effects on the association between air temperature and mortality in Brisbane, Australia"

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environmental research 2015年第PT A期143卷 279页

作者： Lina Wang Shilu Tong Ghasem (Sam) Toloo Weiwei Yu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China School of Public Health and Social Work Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia

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Comparison between the effects of protective layers on domino effect risk caused by fragments

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Dongbei Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northeastern University 2013年第SUPPL.1期34卷 248-250+264页

作者： Sun, Dong-Liang Huang, Guang-Tuan Jiang, Jun-Cheng Zhang, Ming-Guang Wang, Zhi-Rong State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environ Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban and Industrial Safety Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing 210009 China

Based on the plasticity theory, the domino effect risk caused by fragments was investigated in consideration of the three types of protective layers: the PVC resin, MPA, and IPBT. The effects of the risk reduction were explored and compared by using the Monte-Carlo simulations. The results show that the rupture probability of the impacted target, the average penetration depth to the target, and the risk of domino effects decreased, while the average penetration depth to protective layer and the rupture probability of impacted protective layer increased, respectively from PVC resin, MPA, to IPBT;Moreover, the greater thickness of the protective layer also could reduce the risk of domino effect. The better practice is the use of the material of the protective layer with larger strength and smaller ultimate strain to reduce the possibility of the domino effect initiated by fragments. The larger the strength of material is, and the smaller the ultimate strain is, the higher resistant to the fragment penetration the material has.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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New methodology for creating probit models to assess the domino effect caused by overpressure

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Dongbei Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northeastern University 2013年第SUPPL.1期34卷 265-272页

作者： Sun, Dong-Liang Huang, Guang-Tuan Jiang, Jun-Cheng Zhang, Ming-Guang Wang, Zhi-Rong State Environ Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban and Industrial Safety School of Urban Construction and Safety Engineering Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing 210009 China

chemical process equipment and the damage phenomenon were categorized. Data were collected and unnecessary overpressure values together with the corresponding damage phenomenon in which the domino effect did not appear were deleted. The entire range of damage probability was divided into three categories according to degree of damage, by two segmentation points of random variables, and the model of damage probability following a uniform distribution in each degree of damage was proposed, in order to establish more detailed and realistic probit models. The influence of the two random separation points on the mean square errors was investigated and the average of the errors was regarded as the criterion for integral accuracy of the created models. The results showed that the mean square errors of different equipment and their average decreased according to the smaller separation point, and decreased initially and then increased with the larger separation point. The prediction model with high reliability was obtained by data fitting to calculate the average of the mean square errors, which reached a minimum when the values of both break points were 0.3363. These probit models of the four equipment categories with lower mean square errors and better consistency between predicted and observed data were proposed after correcting the few and unnecessary observed data used in curve regression and oversimplification in the probability arrangement in a previous study. The threshold value for damage of 33.63% was 19, 37, 26 and 31 kPa for atmospheric, pressurized, elongated and small equipment, respectively.

关键词： Mean square error

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