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Lignin-phenol monomers govern the pyrolytic conversion of natural biomass from lignocellulose to products

environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第4期8卷 110-118页

作者： Hualing Hu Wenbing Tan Beidou Xi State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China

The effect of the interaction between lignin-phenol monomers and holocellulose in natural biomass on the distribution of pyrolysis products remains *** results of this study showed that the interaction between lignin and holocellulose during the pyrolysis of natural biomass became more pronounced as the pyrolysis temperature *** interaction between lignin and holocellulose in the natural crosslinked structure promoted the generation of CO and inhibited the generation of CO2 at 750*** inhibited the decarboxylic reaction of hemicellulose during pyrolysis but was important for the generation of levoglucosan during cellulose *** slowed the demethoxyreaction of lignin guaiacol but promoted the removal of aliphatic hydrocarbon substituents from the aromatic *** cinnamyl phenol monomers of lignin increased the rates of change of biomass pyrolysis products with the lignin mass fraction at 400***,when the pyrolysis temperature increased to 750C,all types of lignin phenol monomers increased the rates of change of the biomass pyrolysis *** results provide new insights that have implications for the development of pyrolysis techniques for the resource recycling of various types of biomass for the preparation of high-grade gaseous and liquid fuels.

关键词： Natural biomass Pyrolysis Lignin monomers Holocellulose Original interaction

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The “neighbor avoidance effect” of microplastics on bacterial and fungal diversity and communities in different soil horizons

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第4期8卷 13-21页

作者： Hong Yu Ying Zhang Wenbing Tan State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China

Microplastics are a new type of environmental pollutant,and pose a serious threat to soil *** is important to study microplastics effects on soil microorganisms to better understand their effects on terrestrial ***,we collected soil and microplastic samples from corn,pepper,peanut and cucumber fields in Shunyi District,Beijing,China,and used Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze bacterial and fungal community composition and *** focused on microplastic surface and its surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil in the 0e10 cm(humus)and 10e20 cm(eluvial)deep *** richness and diversity on microplastic surface were significantly lower than those in surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil,and microbial richness and diversity were reduced to a greater extent in the humus horizon than in the eluvial *** likely enriched the microbes involved in their *** relative abundance levels of Cyanobacteria and Basidiomycota on microplastic surfaces were significantly higher than those in surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil,while the relative abundance levels of Acidobacteria,Chloreflexi,and Mortierellomycota were higher in“rhizosphere-like”***,the relative abundance levels of pathways related to human diseases,animal pathogen,and fungal parasites were significantly higher on microplastic surfaces than in“rhizosphere-like”*** results show that the microbial diversity,richness,community structure and function between microplastic surfaces and surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil are significantly different,leading to a“rhizosphere-like neighbor avoidance effect”between microplastic surfaces and the surrounding soil.

关键词： Microplastics Microbial diversity Community structure Rhizosphere Metabolic function

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大规模人工造林是否会加剧中国北方土壤水分亏缺?

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1506-1514页

作者：王秋铭刘鸿雁梁博毅石亮伍露曹静 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and PKU Saihanba StationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Forestry Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of BejingBejing Forestry UniversityBeijing 10083China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

Trading water for carbon has cautioned large-scale afforestation in global ***,model simulations suggested that the consumption of soil water could be partially offset by increasing precipitation due to vegetation feedback.A systematic meta-analysis of long-term and large-scale field observations is urgently required to address the abovementioned limitations,and the implementation of large-scale afforestation since 1978 in northern China provides an ideal *** study collected data comprising 1226 observations from 98 sites in northern China to assess the variation in soil water content(SWC)with stand age after afforestation and discuss the effects of tree species,precipitation and conversions of land use types on *** found that the SWC has been decreased by coniferous forest and broadleaf forest at rates of 0.6 and 3.2 mm decade-1,respectively,since *** is a significant declining trend of SWC with the stand age of plantations,and the optimum growth stage for plantation forest is 0-20 a in northern ***,we found increases in SWC for the conversion from grassland to forest and in the low-precipitation region,both are corresponding to the increased SWC in coniferous *** study implies that afforestation might lead to a soil water deficit crisis in northern China in the long term at the regional scale but depends on prior land use types,tree taxa and the mean annual precipitation regime,which sheds light on decision-making regarding ecological restoration policies and water resource management in drylands.

关键词： Soil water Afforestation Tree planting Land use changes Arid and semiarid area

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Effects of carbon-silicon structure on photochemical activity of biochars

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Chemosphere 2024年 347卷 140719页

作者： Guo, Siwei Lu, Lun Chen, Baoliang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou310058 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment Guangzhou510655 China

Biochar has raised increasing concerns because of its great environmental impacts. It is known that the photocatalytic property of biochar is related to its carbon component and dissolved black carbon, but the effect of silicon component is ignored, and the effect of silicon and carbon phases was far less studied. This study systematically explored the photochemistry of silicon-rich and silicon-deficient biochar under light irradiation by using hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and sulfadiazine as representative pollutants for photoreduction and photooxidation, respectively. It was found that biochar had photoreduction activity under the enhancement of electron donors, and 80.1% Cr(VI) can be removed by biochar with crystalline silicon and carbon (i.e., RH900) after 12 h irradiation. Meanwhile after low temperature pyrolysis, biochar with amorphous silicon and carbon (i.e., RH600) had great photooxidation capacity, and 71.90% organic pollutant was degraded within 24 h. The reaction was illustrated by transient photocurrent response, and hydroxyl radical generation measurement, and other tests. A new photochemical mechanism of the synergy between silicon and carbon model was proposed to elucidate the redox reactions of pollutants under the light. Graphitic carbon or crystalline silicon formed under high temperature played a role of valence band which was excited under light irradiation and the effect of electron donors to benefit photoreduction, while amorphous silicon formed under low temperature facilitated photooxidation process by increasing reactive oxygen species concentration. This study provided a gist for biochar production and application in the field of photocatalysis, and contributed to the broader understanding of biochar geochemical behavior in natural sunlit system. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Photooxidation

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Electrokinetically-delivered persulfate coupled with thermal conductive heating for remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated low permeability soil

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Chemosphere 2024年 356卷 141914页

作者： Zhang, Meng Feng, Meiyun Xu, Zhiqiang Li, Jianan Peng, Chong Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resource and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China Zhejiang Tiandi Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd. Hangzhou310000 China

In this study, electrokinetically-delivered persulfate (PS) coupled with thermal conductive heating (TCH) method was proposed for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) contaminated low-permeability soil, based on the investigation of PS injection and activation by different electric field form, effective heating radius of TCH to activate PS, and their influencing factors. The uniform delivery and effective activation of PS were unrealizable by one-dimensional electric field (1 V/cm) with the operation of cathode injection, anode injection, bipolar injection, polarity-reversal, or bipolar injection coupled polarity-reversal, which would result in large spatial difference of soil pH and PHs residual. Similar results were obtained under the two-dimensional symmetric electric field (TEF) due to the large spatial difference in electric field intensity. Superimposed electric field (SEF, 1 V/cm) that based on the intermittent worked electrode groups coupled with polarity-reversal (every 3 h) and bipolar injection (10% PS solution) operation could achieve homogenized mass transfer of PS (53.8–65.7 g/kg, average 60.0 g/kg) in 15 days, due to the positive correlation between electric field intensity and transport of ionic substance. Meanwhile, the difference in decontamination efficiency caused by difference in PS activation efficiency could be reduced, since the heating rod was placed at the position where the concentrations of PS was the lowest, whereat the removal of PHs could not rely on alkali activated PS (cathode), anodic oxidation (anode), and electrochemical activated PS (cathode and anode). The residual concentration of PHs in soil remediated by SEF/PS-TCH was in the range of 640.7–763.8 mg/kg (average 701.5 mg/kg), and the corresponding removal efficiency was 73.3%–77.6% (average75.4%). The research can provide an in-situ remediation method for organic contaminants in low permeability soil featured with more uniform PS injection and activation, and small

关键词： chemical activation

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Recognizing the variation of DNA-P during and after the algal bloom in lake Hulun

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Chemosphere 2023年 343卷 140293页

作者： Ding, Wanchang Wang, Guoxi Ren, Haoyu Li, He Lü, Weiwei Jiang, Xia National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China

Eutrophication has spread from shallow lakes in temperature zones to lakes in cold regions as a result of a continuous warm climate and human activities. Little proof for the importance of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) in contributing to phosphorus cycling and algae growth has been generated for aquatic ecosystems, particularly in cold eutrophic lakes. In this study, a comprehensive in situ study was conducted in overlying water, suspended particulate matter, and sediment during and after algal bloom (in July and September, respectively) in Lake Hulun. Multiple methods of 31P NMR, enzymatic hydrolysis, and UV–visible technologies were combined to detect phosphorus occurrence, bioavailability, and molecular structure from a novel angle. The 31P NMR analysis results showed that DNA-P is mainly stored in the dissolved phase and has not been detected in suspended particulate matter or sediment. Enzymatic hydrolysis was used to determine the bioavailability of DOP, which revealed that in July and September, respectively, 85% and 79% of DOP were hydrolyzable. UV–visible analysis represented that the degree of humification and molecular weight of DOP were high during the algal bloom, but these values considerably dropped following the algal bloom. The large amount of DNA-P present in the overlying water is the main reason for the high degree of humification and high molecular weight of the water body. Besides, Lake Hulun's DNA-P remains highly bioavailable during algal blooms, despite its high degree of humification and molecular weight. These findings can serve as a theoretical basis for understanding the migration and transformation of DOP, as well as the persistence of algal blooms in eutrophic lakes located in cold regions. © 2023

关键词： Lakes

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Unveiling the impacts of biodegradable microplastics on cadmium toxicity, translocation, transformation, and metabolome in lettuce

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 957卷 177669页

作者： Xu, Xiang Peng, Cheng Shao, Xuechun Gong, Kailin Zhao, Xuan Xie, Wenwen Zhang, Wei Tan, Jiaqi State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resource and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States

Biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) may impact the environmental fate and ecotoxicity of Cd, but the effect mechanism in soil-plant system remain poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of BMPs (poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) microplastics) on the Cd toxicity, translocation, transformation, and metabolome in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by pot experiments. The results show that co-exposure to BMPs and Cd synergistically inhibited the shoot growth. 0.2 % PLA MPs enhanced but 2.5 % PLA MPs inhibited the photosynthesis;however, the dose of PBAT MPs was negatively correlated with the content of chlorophyll a. Moreover, the presence of 2.5 % PBAT MPs increased the nitrate content of leaves by 9.5 % compared to single Cd exposure. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) indicates that BMPs exacerbated the inhibitory effects of Cd on lettuce growth. PLA MPs enhanced K, Ca, Cu, and Zn accumulation in root stele, whereas PBAT MPs promoted Fe and Mn enrichment in epidermis. Furthermore, co-exposure resulted in higher inorganic and water-soluble Cd proportions in shoots. PLA MPs elevated Cd contents in cell wall fractions of both roots and shoots, while PBAT MPs increased Cd contents in shoot cell walls and root cells and soluble Cd ratio in shoots. BMPs enhanced Cd toxicity and bioaccumulation by downregulating the expression of ABC transporters and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways, and the relative abundance of related metabolites. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Lettuce

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Insights into links between redox cycling of dissolved organic matter ranked by molecular weight and methanogen-bacteria symbiosis-driven methane production

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 954卷 176682页

作者： Wang, Yan Zhao, Xinyu Cai, Danmei Chen, Xiangyu Lu, Yun Wang, Zihan Sun, Yiwen Xi, Beidou School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541000 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China

Molecular weight (MW) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) governs its redox capacity, playing pivotal roles in methanogen-bacteria symbiosis-driven CH4 production. However, the effect of redox capacity of DOM ranked by MW on these symbiotic associations during anaerobic digestion have never been investigated. The electron–donating (EDC) and –accepting capacity (EAC) of DOM with different MW were quantified, elucidating their impacts on bacteria-methanogen symbiosis-driven CH4 production. By contrast, DOM with 7000 > MW > 14,000 Da constituted the primary contribution to EAC, with an average contribution of 44.63 %. DOM with MW > 14,000 Da emerged as the predominant contributor to EDC, with an average contribution of 49.10 %. Random forest showed that EAC/EDC of DOM ranked by MW was the important factors for methanogenesis by driving shifts in microbial symbiotic relationships. 46 genera (relative abundance of 69.55 %) of microorganisms exhibited robust associations with EAC/EDC. EDC of DOM with 3500 4 by modulating the corporation of Caldicoprobacter, norank_o__TSCOR001-H18, norank_o__MBA03 and Methanobrevibacter. EDC of DOM (7000 4 production by regulating cooperation of Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas and Methanosarcina, Methanothermus. EDC of DOM (MW > 14,000 Da) enhances CH4 production by modulating cooperation of Ureibacillus, Treponema and methanomassiliicoccus, methanogenium. EAC of DOMs were negatively correlated with CH4. This study broadens our knowledge on the intricate process of methanogenesis and holds significant importance in developing a microbial symbiosis regulation strategy based on electron transfer system. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Dissolved organic matter Molecular weight electron transfer capacity Syntrophic associations

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Effect of Biodegradable Microplastics and Cd Co-Pollution on Cd Bioavailability and Plastisphere in Soil-Plant System

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Shao, Xuechun Shen, Cheng Peng, Cheng Gong, Kailin Qiao, Zhihua Zhang, Wei State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resource and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai200233 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China

Biodegradable plastics (BPs) are regarded as ecomaterials and are emerging as a substitute for traditional non-degradable plastics. However, the information on the interaction between biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) and cadmium (Cd) in agricultural soil is still limited. Here, lettuce plants were cultured in BMPs (polylactic acid (PLA) MPs and poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) MPs) and Cd co-polluted soil for 35 days. The results show that diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT) but not diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction method greatly improved the prediction reliability of Cd bioavailability in non-rhizosphere soil treated with BMPs (R2 = 0.860). BMPs increased the Cd bioavailability in non-rhizosphere soil indirectly by decreasing soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), rather than by directly adsorbing Cd on their surface. PLA MPs incubated in rhizosphere soil showed more considerable degradation with extremely obvious cavities and the fracture of ester functional groups on their surface than PBAT MPs. BMPs could provide ecological niches to colonize and induce microorganisms associated with BMPs’ degradation to occupy a more dominant position. In addition, Cd only affected the composition and function of microbial communities in soil but not on BMPs. However, co-exposure to BMPs and Cd significantly reduced the degrees of co-occurrence network of fungal communities on PLA MPs and PBAT MPs by 37.7% and 26.7%, respectively, compared to single exposure to BMPs. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cadmium

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Fluorinated inverse opal carbon nitride combined with vanadium pentoxide as a Z-scheme photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic activity

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Chinese chemical Letters 2022年第8期33卷 3797-3801页

作者： Ningkai Ding Bin Chen Liang Zhou Lingzhi Wang Yongdi Liu Jinlong Zhang Juying Lei State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

In this work,Z-scheme V_(2)O_(5) loaded fluorinated inverse opal carbon nitride(IO F-CN/V_(2)O_(5)) was synthesized as a product of ternary collaborative modification with heterostructure construction,element doping and inverse opal *** catalyst presented the highest photocatalytic activity and rate constant for degradation of typical organic pollutants Rhodamine B(RhB)and was also used for the efficient removal of antibiotics,represented by norfloxacin(NOR),sulfadiazine(SD)and levofloxacin(LVX).Characterizations confirmed its increased specific surface area,narrowed bandgap,and enhanced visible light utilization *** mechanism study including band structure study and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)proved the successful construction of Z-scheme heterojunction,which improved photogenerated charge carrier migration and provide sufficient free radicals for the degradation *** combination of different modifications contributed to the synergetic improvement of removal efficiency towards different organic pollutants.

关键词： Carbon nitride Inverse opal structure Vanadium pentoxide Fluorinate Organic pollutants degradation

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