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Rhizosheath: Distinct features and environmental functions

Geoderma 2023年 435卷

作者： Mo, Xiaohan Wang, Mengke Zeng, Hui Wang, Junjian School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University Shenzhen518055 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Interactions between plant roots and the surrounding soils are crucial for plant growth and soil health. The rhizosheath, which is the sheath-like soil that is tightly attached to the plant root surface, is increasingly acknowledged to exhibit distinct features and critical environmental functions for soil, plants, and microbes. However, the differences between the terms "rhizosheath" and "rhizosphere soil" remain ambiguous across the literature, and not all features and functions of rhizosheaths have reached a consensus. Here, we summarize the terminology, methodology, formation mechanisms, and findings of the features and functions of rhizosheaths via an integrated and quantitative approach. First, we propose a comprehensive framework for the terminology of different rhizosphere compartments, which allows for consistent definitions and improved comparability across studies. We also summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying rhizosheath formation. Moreover, by collecting evidence from the literature, we highlight the distinct physical, chemical, and microbial features of rhizosheath soils, such as 66% higher water content, 34% higher soil organic carbon, 56% higher water-extractable organic carbon, and 71% higher microbial biomass nitrogen in rhizosheath soils than those in other rhizosphere counterparts. We further discuss how these features lead to the environmental and biogeochemical functions of rhizosheaths, including sand fixation, soil aggregation, water and nutrient uptake, carbon dynamics, and microbial colonization. We highlight the significance of these functions from micro- to ecosystem-scale. Finally, we propose future research perspectives to better understand and harness the environmental benefits of rhizosheaths. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Soils

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Kinetic Modeling of Secondary Organic Aerosol in a Weather-Chemistry Model: Parameterizations, Processes, and Predictions for GOAmazon

ACS ES&T Air

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ACS ES&T Air 2025年第2期2卷 249-263页

作者： Yicong He Kelsey R. Bilsback Manish Shrivastava Rahul A. Zaveri John E. Shilling John H. Seinfeld Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Christopher D. Cappa Jeffrey R. Pierce Shantanu H. Jathar Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 United States；State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China；State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 United States；PSE Healthy Energy Oakland California 94612 United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99354 United States Divison of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 United States State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China；State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084 China Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80521 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Davis Davis California 95616 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 United States

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) forms and evolves in the atmosphere through many pathways and processes, over diverse spatial and time scales. Hence, there is a need to represent these widely varying kinetic processes in large-scale atmospheric models to allow for accurate predictions of the abundance, properties, and impacts of SOA. In this work, we integrated a kinetic, process-level model (simpleSOM-MOSAIC) into a weather-chemistry model (WRF-Chem) to simulate the oxidation chemistry and microphysics of atmospheric SOA. simpleSOM-MOSAIC simulates multigenerational gas-phase chemistry, autoxidation reactions, aqueous chemistry, heterogeneous oxidation, oligomerization, and phase-state-influenced gas/particle partitioning of SOA. As a case study, the integrated WRF-Chem-simpleSOM-MOSAIC (WC-SSM) model was used to simulate the photochemical evolution downwind of a large city (Manaus, Brazil) in the Amazon and, in turn, study the anthropogenic and biogenic interactions in an otherwise pristine environment. Consistent with previous work, we found that OA was enhanced by up to a factor of 4 in the urban plume due to elevated hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations, relative to the background, and that this OA was dominated by SOA from biogenic precursors (80%). In addition to accurately simulating the OA enhancement in the urban plume, the model reproduced the magnitude of the OA oxygen-to-carbon (O:C) ratio and broadly tracked the evolution of the aerosol number size distribution. Our work highlights the importance of including an integrated, kinetic representation of SOA processes in an atmospheric model.

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An insight on the mechanism of efficient leaching of vanadium from vanadium shale induced by microwave-generated hot spots

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第2期30卷 293-302页

作者： Sheng Li Yimin Zhang Yizhong Yuan Pengcheng Hu School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization Wuhan 430081China Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Microwave heating can rapidly and uniformly raise the temperature and accelerate the reaction *** this paper,microwave heating was used to improve the acid leaching,and the mechanism was investigated via microscopic morphology analysis and numerical simulation by COMSOL Multiphysics *** effects of the microwave power,leaching temperature,CaF_(2) dosage,H_(2)SO_(4) concentration,and leaching time on the vanadium recovery were investigated.A vanadium recovery of 80.66%is obtained at a microwave power of 550 W,leaching temperature of 95℃,CaF_(2) dosage of 5wt%,H_(2)SO_(4) concentration of 20vol%,and leaching time of 2.5 *** with conventional leaching technology,the vanadium recovery increases by 6.18%,and the leaching time shortens by 79.17%.More obvious pulverization of shale particles and delamination of mica minerals happen in the microwave-assisted leaching *** simulation results show that the temperature of vanadium shales increases with an increase in electric field(E-field).The distributions of E-field and temperature among vanadium shale particles are relatively uniform,except for the higher content at the contact position of the *** analysis results of scaleup experiments and leaching experiments indicate high-temperature hot spots in the process of microwave-assisted leaching,and the local high temperature destroys the mineral structure and accelerates the reaction rate.

关键词： vanadium shale microwave-assisted leaching hot spots numerical simulation

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Long Term Impact of Electrical Resistance Heating on Soil Bacterial Community Based on a Field Test

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xu, Wenxin Cao, Lifeng Ge, Runlei Li, Shupeng Wei, Yunxiao Yang, Yunfeng Li, Guanghe Zhang, Fang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Beijing100015 China BCEG Environmental Remediation Co. Ltd. Beijing100015 China

Thermal remediation is an effective technology for organic contaminant remediation. However, the application of thermal remediation may have negative effects on soil properties and ecological functions, which requires further investigation. Based on a pilot test of electrical resistance heating remediation (ERH), soil samples were collected at different locations after heating for 116 days. Most soil physicochemical properties except total organic carbon were less affected by the heating temperature difference. Application of high temperature increased microbial abundance but inhibited alpha diversity of the bacterial community. More significant changes in microbial communities were observed at temperatures above 60°C. The genera mainly affected by heating temperature included Flavobacteria, Brockia, and S085, while the increase in temperature also inhibited the abundance of nitrochlorobenzene functional genes. At 140 days after the end of the pilot test, the bacterial community affected by thermal remediation could recover effectively, and the recovery of the bacterial community was not affected by temperature difference during the heating period. This study provides valuable field evidence of the long term impact of soil ERH treatment on soil properties and microbial communities, and provide further references for optimization of remediation performance with coupled technologies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Soils

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Microbial of low-concentration antisite defects LiFePO4 for boosting lithium ion capture

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Nano Today 2025年 64卷

作者： Yuan, Jianhua Gu, Xiaosong Zhilin, Xing Zhang, Xiaochen Cao, Jianglin Chen, Hong Yu, Fei Ma, Jie Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Roa Shanghai200092 China Water Resources and Water Environment Engineering Technology Center Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials and Structural Safety School of Civil Engineering Kashi University Kashi844000 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai201306 China

LiFePO4 (LFP) is recognized as a promising electrode material for capturing lithium ions (Li+);however, the presence of antisite defects in LFP crystals blocks the one-dimensional (1D) diffusion channel along the b-axis, thereby slowing down Li+ diffusion and compromising cycling stability. Herein, we propose a "microbial enzyme-catalyzed" green synthesis strategy, successfully preparing polymorphic LFPs characterized by a low concentration of antisite defects (+ diffusion and electron transport to effectively improve kinetics. Additionally, the carbon shell derived from polyphosphorus bacteria improved electrical conductivity and provided space to accommodate the volume expansion of LFP, ultimately enhancing cycling stability. Consequently, LFP@C-7 exhibited excellent Li+ capture capacity (3.05 mmol g−1) and rate (1.01 mmol g−1min−1), with a high separation factor of 212 (Mg/Li ratio of 60) and excellent cycling stability (capacity retention exceeding 83.3 % over 100 cycles). Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM-D) analysis confirmed the three-stage reaction of hydration, ion exchange, and desorption during Li+ capture by LFP@C-7. Furthermore, in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated a reversible phase transition mechanism (FePO4→LiFePO4→FePO4) throughout the Li+ insertion and extraction cycles. This study provides a new feasible solution for the green synthesis of low-concentration antisite defects LFP. © 2025

关键词： Green Synthesis

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Organochlorine Pesticides in Water and Sediment at a Typical Karst Wetland in Southwest China

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hu, Qianqian Liang, Yanpeng Zeng, Hong-Hu Huang, Huanfang Chen, Wenwen Qin, Litang Song, Xiaohong Yan, Xiaoyu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment Guangzhou510530 China Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Security in Karst Region Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China

The Huixian karst wetland, situated in southwest China, is the largest karst wetland. Historically, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have negatively affected the aquatic environment and the health of surrounding residents. In this study, the pollution status and environmental fate of OCPs in multiple environmental media in the Huixian wetland were investigated. The 15 OCPs’ total concentration ranges in lake water, ditch water, groundwater, and lake sediment were 46.8–306 ng·L-1, 77.8–251 ng·L-1, 26.0–233 ng·L-1, and 44.8–345 ng·g-1, respectively. The concentrations and proportions of the different OCPs demonstrated significant seasonality. Historical residues are the main source of OCPs in the region, as evidenced by the typical ratios of DDTs to HCHs. Karst regions are extremely vulnerable to environmental change, as evidenced by the highly dynamic character of the karst wetland system and the rapid migration of multimodal OCPs in different media without considerable damage. According to the risk assessment, both the possible carcinogenic risk to sediments in the Huixian wetland and the ecological risk to water bodies were acceptable. In contrast, the consumption of lake water may put the local population at health risk, which is a cause of concern. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wetlands

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Chemical characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic aerosol in southwest suburb of Beijing

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 99-110页

作者： Ruolan Hu Qingcheng Xu Shuxiao Wang Yang Hua Noshan Bhattarai Jingkun Jiang Yu Song Kaspar R.Daellenbach Lu Qi Andre S.H.Prevot Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute5232 VilligenSwitzerland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of HelsinkiFinland

PM2.5 filter sampling and components measurement were conducted in autumn and winter from 2014 to 2015 at a suburban site(referred herein as "LLH site") located in the southwest of *** offline aerosol mass spectrometry(offline-AMS) analysis and positive matrix factorization(PMF) were applied for measurement and source apportionment of watersoluble organic aerosol(WSOA).Organic aerosol(OA) always dominated PM2.5 during the sampling period,especially in *** pollution was serious during the polluted period both in autumn(31.1 μg/m3) and winter(31.9 μg/m3),while WSOA accounted for 54.4%of OA during the polluted period in autumn,much more than that(21.3%) in *** oxidation degree of WSOA at LLH site was at a high level(oxygen-to-carbon ratio,O/C=0.91)and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) contributed more mass ratio of WSOA than primary organic aerosol(POA) during the whole observation *** winter,coal combustion OA(CCOA) was a stable source of OA and on average accounted for 25.1% of *** autumn,biomass burning OA(BBOA) from household combustion contributed 38.3% of WSOA during polluted *** addition to oxygenated OA(OOA),aqueous-oxygenated OA(aq-OOA) was identified as an important factor of *** heavy pollution period,the mass proportion of aq-OOA to WSOA increased significantly,implying the significant SOA formation through aqueous-phase *** result of this study highlights the concentration on controlling the residential coal and biomass burning,as well as the research needs on aqueous chemistry in OA formation.

关键词： pollution aerosol winter

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Contrasting Sources and Fate of Ammonium in groundwater Systems of Two Large Alluvial-Lacustrine Basins

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Qinghua Xiong, Yaojin Deng, Yamin Gan, Yiqun Du, Yao Wuhan Center of China Geological Survey Wuhan430205 China Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health China University of Geosciences Ministry of Education Wuhan430078 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution School of Environmental Studies Wuhan430078 China

groundwater ammonium (NH4+) contamination can threaten human health and disrupt surface ecological balance, and although the sources and fate of NH4+-N in groundwater have been widely studied, comparative research on this issue between different large basins under similar geological contexts is weak. In this study, we used a combination of water chemistry, stable isotopes (H/O/C/N), excitation-emission-matrix spectra and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to reveal the differences in the sources and fate of NH4+-N in groundwater between Poyang Lake Plain (PYP) and Dongting Lake Plain (DTP), two large alluvial-lacustrine plains in central Yangtze. The results showed that NH4+-N in DTP groundwater was occurred in a more closed and reduced environment, with stronger water-rock interaction and richer organic matter compared to that in PYP groundwater. NH4+-N in DTP groundwater mainly originates from the intensive degradation of organic matter up to methanogenic stage, while NH4+-N in PYP groundwater is affected by the coupled influence of organic matter fermentation before the methanogenic stage and anthropogenic activities. In addition, the specific hydrogeochemical environment in PYP groundwater is favorable to the natural removal of NH4+-N caused by processes such as anammox and Feammox. The sediment provenance and hydrogeological structure of the two large plains are the key factors determing the contrasting sources and fate of NH4+-N in groundwater. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： groundwater

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非农业源排放增强大气二甲胺浓度并调节城市颗粒物成核

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Science Bulletin 2023年第13期68卷 1447-1455,M0004页

作者：常运华凌清扬盖鑫磊袁相洋周升钱程凯毛鉴炯黄丹丹胡磬遥鲁君崔世杰高雅琴陆轶群朱亮谭稳郭松胡敏王红丽黄成黄汝锦张远航胡建林 Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters NUIST Center on Atmospheric EnvironmentNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China TOFWERK China Nanjing 211800China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global ChangeKey Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry&PhysicsInstitute of Earth and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China

气态二甲胺(DMA)是大气新粒子生成的关键前体物,然而对其来源与空气和气候效应仍存在巨大争议.本研究率先对中国大气DMA浓度开展了南北跨区域与城市内部的走航观测.发现亚热带森林植物的DMA排放浓度可能南方远高于北方,同时记录到由工... 详细信息

气态二甲胺(DMA)是大气新粒子生成的关键前体物,然而对其来源与空气和气候效应仍存在巨大争议.本研究率先对中国大气DMA浓度开展了南北跨区域与城市内部的走航观测.发现亚热带森林植物的DMA排放浓度可能南方远高于北方,同时记录到由工业脉冲排放所导致的全球最高大气DMA浓度.在高度城市化的上海地区,DMA浓度自市中心向外围逐渐降低且与人口密度关联.源排放的直接测试进一步表明中国区域和城市内部的大气二甲胺都深受非农业源排放的影响.大气化学传输模式也证实,居民DMA排放主导了上海城市大气颗粒物数浓度的贡献.该研究将外场观测、源排放测试与模型模拟相结合,呈现了中国大气二甲胺的全生命周期,为颗粒物污染防治和气候变化评估提供了有用参考.

关键词： Newparticleformation Amines Volatile organic compounds Urbanatmosphere Non-agricultural sources

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Deciphering dissolved organic matter by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS): from bulk to fractions and individuals

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Carbon Research 2022年第1期1卷 1-22页

作者： Qi, Yulin Xie, Qiaorong Wang, Jun-Jian He, Ding Bao, Hongyan Fu, Qing-Long Su, Sihui Sheng, Ming Li, Si-Liang Volmer, Dietrich A. Wu, Fengchang Jiang, Guibin Liu, Cong-Qiang Fu, Pingqing Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim Tianjin University Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen China School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Exploring the source, transformation pathways, and the fate of natural organic matter (NOM) is critical to understanding the regional/global carbon cycle and carbon budget. The dissolved fraction of NOM, i.e., dissolved organic matter (DOM), is a complex mixture resulting from the transformation of plant, animal and microbial matter and plays a crucial role in many biogeochemical processes at the land-ocean-atmosphere interfaces. The advance of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) makes the detailed characterization of DOM at the molecular level possible. On the other hand, elucidation of complex DOM sample also presents significant analytical challenges, and these challenges also act as a driving force for the instrumentation and methodology development on FT-ICR MS. This review article has been written to aid those working in biogeochemistry, environmental and atmospheric chemistry, and related areas which investigate elemental cycles and DOM transformations. First, the fundamental theory, historical perspective, and recent advances in the field have been introduced. The detailed molecular characterization of environmental and geological samples continues to present significant analytical challenges, and it also has become a driving force for the development of the instrumentation and experimental methods. These achievements in DOM analysis have had an impact upon the fields of environmental science, geochemistry, and analytical chemistry. Next, varieties of applications of FT-ICR MS have also been described, followed by our view of the future of this technique in earth science research. We believe that this review covers the essential pairing of FT-ICR MS and collectively offers environmental and geochemical scientists a substantial resource for their research. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Budget control

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