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Mass concentrations and temporal profiles of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 near major urban roads in Beijing

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 675-684页

作者： Liu YANG Ye WU Jiaqi LI Shaojie SONG Xuan ZHENG Jiming HAO School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China Division of Environment and Resources Research Transport Planning and Research Institute Beijing 100028 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source and Control of Air Pollution Complex 13eijing 100084 China Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA

Mass concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 were measured near major roads in Beijing during six periods： summer and winter of 2001, winter of 2007, and periods before, during and after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Since the control efforts for motor vehicles helped offset the increase of emissions from the rapid growth of vehicles, the averaged PM2.5 concentrations at roadsides during the sampling period between 2001 and 2008 fluctuated over a relatively small range. With the implementation of temporary traffic control measures during the Olympics, a clear “V” shaped curve showing the concentrations of particulate matter and other gaseous air pollutants at roadsides over time was identified. The average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, CO and NO decreased by 31.2%, 46.3%, 32.3% and 35.4%, respectively, from June to August; this was followed by a rebound of all air pollutants in December 2008. Daily PM10 concentrations near major roads exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard （Grade II） for 61.2% of the days in the non-Olympic periods, while only for 12.5% during the Olympics. The mean ratio of PM2.5/PM10 near major roads remained relatively stable at 0.55 （±0.108） on non-Olympic days. The ratio decreased to 0.48 （±0.099） during the Olympics due to a greater decline in fine particles than in coarse-mode PM. The ratios PM1/PM2.5 fluctuated over a wide range and were statistically different from each other during the sampling periods. The average ratios of PM1/PM2.5 on non-Olympic days were 0.71.

关键词： particulate matter traffic control measure,Beijing Olympic Games

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Metagenomic and viromic data mining reveals viral threats in biologically treated domestic wastewater

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第3期7卷 1-8页

作者： Xiang Li Zhanwen Cheng Chenyuan Dang Miao Zhang Yan Zheng Yu Xia School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics Department of Ocean Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Activated sludge(AS),a common biological secondary treatment process in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),is known to remove a large spectrum of *** little is known about its effect on the entire viral *** compiling 3 Tbp of next-generation sequencing(NGS)metagenomic/viromic datasets consisted of 119 sub-datasets of influent,effluent,and AS samples from 27WWTPs,viral removal efficacy is evaluated through data *** normalized abundance of viruses suggests effluents exhibit the highest viral prevalence(3.21±3.26%,n=13)followed by the AS(0.48±0.25%,n=57)and influents(0.23±0.17%,n=17).In contrast,plasmids,representing genetic element of bacteria,show higher average prevalence(0.73±0.82%,n=17)in influents than those of the AS(0.63±0.26%,n=57)and effluents(0.35±0.42%,n=13).Furthermore,the abundance-occupancy analysis identifies 142 core phage viruses and 17 non-phages core viruses,including several pathogenic viruses in the AS *** persistent occurrence of pathogenic viruses,coupled with nonfavorable virus removal by the AS treatment,reveals the hidden virus threats in biologically treated domestic *** mechanisms for why viruses persist and the possibility that WWTPs are potential hotspots for viral survival deserve attention.

关键词： WWTP Metagenomic Viromic Virus Data mining Biologically treated wastewater

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Nitrate removal from aqueous solutions by magnetic cationic hydrogel:Effect of electrostatic adsorption and mechanism

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第5期32卷 177-188页

作者： Junyi Li Shuoxun Dong Yili Wang Xiaomin Dou Haotian Hao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water PollutionBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Excessive nitrate(NO3-)is among the most problematic surface water and groundwater *** this study,a type of magnetic cationic hydrogel(MCH)is employed for NO3-adsorption and well characterized *** adsorption capacity is considerably pHdependent and achieves the optimal adsorption(maximum NO3--adsorption capacity is95.88±1.24 mg/g)when the pH level is *** fitting result using the homogeneous surface diffusion model indicates that the surface/film diffusion controls the adsorption rate,and NO3-approaches the center of MCH particles within 30 *** diffusion coefficient(Ds)and external mass transfer coefficient(kF)in the liquid phase are1.15×10-6 cm2/min and 4.5×10-6 cm/min,*** MCH is employed to treat surface water that contains 10 mg/L of NO3-,and it is found that the optimal magnetic separation time is 1.6 *** high-efficiency mass transfer and magnetic separation of MCH during the adsorption-regeneration process favors its application in surface water ***,the study of the mechanism involved reveals that both-N+(CH3)3 groups and NO3-are convoluted in adsorption via electrostatic *** is further found that ion exchange between NO3-and chlorine occurs.

关键词： Adsorption Nitrate removal Low concentration Electrical stern layer Magnetic cationic hydrogel

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Simultaneous determination of dissolved organic nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and ammonia using size exclusion chromatography coupled with nitrogen detector

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 309-318页

作者： Wen-Xiang Ji Ye-Chao Tian Min-Hui Cai Bi-Cun Jiang Shi Cheng Yan Li Qing Zhou Bo-Qiang Li Bai-Yang Chen Xing Zheng Wen-Tao Li Ai-Min Li State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China Quanzhou Institute for Environmental Protection Industry Nanjing UniversityQuanzhou 362008China

Accurate quantification of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON) has been a challenge due to the cumulative analytical errors in the conventional method via subtracting dissolved inorganic nitrogen species(DIN) from total dissolved nitrogen(TDN). Size exclusion chromatography coupled with an organic nitrogen detector(SEC-OND) has been developed as a direct method for quantification and characterization of DON. However, the applications of SECOND method still subject to poor separations between DON and DIN species and unsatisfied N recoveries of macromolecules. In this study, we packed a series of SEC columns with different lengths and resin materials for separation of different N species and designed an independent vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) oxidation device for complete oxidation converting N species to nitrate. To guarantee sufficient N recoveries, the operation conditions were optimized as oxidation time ≥ 30 min, injection mass(sample concentration × injection volume) < 1000 μL × mg-N/L for macromolecular proteins, and neutral p H mobile eluent. The dissolved O_(2)concentration in SEC mobile phase determined the upper limit of VUV oxidation at a specific oxidation time. Compared to conventional HW50S column(20 × 250 mm),HW40S column(20 × 350 mm) with mobile phase comprising of 1.5 g/L Na2HPO_(4)·2H_(2)O + 2.5g/L KH_(2)PO_(4)(p H = 6.85) could achieve a better separation of DON, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia. When applied to river water, lake water, wastewater effluent, groundwater, and landfill leachate, the SEC-OND method could quantify DON as well as DIN species accurately and conveniently even the DIN/TDN ratio reached 0.98.

关键词： Size exclusion chromatography Nitrogen detector Dissolved organic nitrogen Nitrate Nitrite Ammonia

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Enhanced formation of trihalomethane disinfection byproducts from halobenzoquinones under combined UV/chlorine conditions

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第6期16卷 109-119页

作者： He Zhao Ching-Hua Huang Chen Zhong Penghui Du Peizhe Sun Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control Division of Environment Technology and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Halobenzoquinones(HBQs)are highly toxic disinfection byproducts(DBPs)and are also precursors of other DBPs such as trihalomethanes(THMs).The formation of THMs from HBQs during chlorine-only and UV/chlorine processes with or without bromide was investigated *** functional theory(DFT)reactivity descriptors were also applied to predict the nucleophilic/electrophilic reactive sites on HBQs and *** results were combined to explain the different behaviors of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,6-DCBQ)and tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone(TCBQ)and to propose mechanism for the promoting roles of UV and hydroxylation of HBQs in THMs *** UV/chlorine,UV significantly enhanced THMs formation from 2,6-DCBQ compared to chlorine-only,mainly due to the production of OH-DCBQ^(*).Excited 2,6-DCBQ^(*)by UV benefited nucleophilic hydrolysis to produce OH-DCBQ^(*),which favored electrophilic attack by chlorine,thereby inducing more THMs ***/chlorine modestly promoted THMs formation from TCBQ compared to *** of TCBQ and UV irradiation were both important in promoting THMs formation due to the high electrophilic property of OH-TCBQ and TCBQ^(*).Meanwhile,hydroxylation of HBQs and CHCl3 formation were enhanced at higher *** work suggested that enhanced formation of THMs from HBQs should be considered in the application of combined UV and chlorine processes.

关键词： Halobenzoquinone Trihalomethane Chlorine disinfection UV irradiation Disinfection byproducts Combined UV/chlorine

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Measurement of air exchange rates in different indoor environments using continuous CO_2 sensors

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第4期24卷 657-664页

作者： Yan You Can Niu Jian Zhou Yating Liu Zhipeng Bai Jiefeng Zhang Fei He Nan Zhang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

A new air exchange rate （AER） monitoring method using continuous CO2 sensors was developed and validated through both laboratory experiments and field studies. controlled laboratory simulation tests were conducted in a 1-m3 environmental chamber at different AERs （0.1-10.0 hr-1）. AERs were determined using the decay method based on box model assumptions. Field tests were conducted in classrooms, dormitories, meeting rooms and apartments during 2-5 weekdays using CO2 sensors coupled with data loggers. Indoor temperature, relative humidity （RH）, and CO2 concentrations were continuously monitored while outdoor parameters combined with on-site climate conditions were recorded. Statistical results indicated that good laboratory performance was achieved： duplicate precision was within 10%, and the measured AERs were 90%-120% of the real AERs. Average AERs were 1.22, 1.37, 1.10, 1.91 and 0.73 hr-l in dormitories, air-conditioned classrooms, classrooms with an air circulation cooling system, reading rooms, and meeting rooms, respectively. In an elderly particulate matter exposure study, all the homes had AER values ranging from 0.29 to 3.46 hr-1 in fall, and 0.12 to 1.39 hr-1 in winter with a median AER of 1.15.

关键词： air exchange rate continuous CO2 sensor steady-state method decay method particulate matter indoor-outdoorconcentration relationship

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Bioreduction of hexavalent chromium:Effect of compost-derived humic acids and hematite

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第10期31卷 2693-2697页

作者： Chao Yang Ming-Xia Zheng Yuan Zhang Bei-Dou Xi Zai-Feng Tian Xiao-Song He School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application Institute of Geographical SciencesHebei Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050030China Hebei Provincial Academy of Ecological and Environmental Science Shijiazhuang 050037China

Composting can enhance the nutrie nt ele ments cycling and reduce carbon dioxide ***,little information is available regarding the application of compost for the remediation of the contaminated *** this study,we assess the response of the redox capacities(electron accepting capacities(EAC)and electron donating capacities(EDC))of compost-derived humic acids(HAs)to the bioreduction of hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ)),especially in presence of *** result showed that the compost-derived HAs played an important role in the bioreduction of Cr(Ⅵ)in presence and absence of hematite under the anoxic,neutral(pH 7)and motionless *** on the pseudo-first order kinetic model,the rate constants of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction increased by 1.36-2.0 times when compost-derived HAs was *** redox capacity originating from the polysaccharide structure of compost-derived HAs made them effective in the direct Cr(Ⅵ)reduction(without MR-1)at pH ***,the reduction rates were inversely proportional to the composting treatment *** iron mineral(Fe_(2)O_(3))and compost-derived HAs were both present,the rate constants of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction increased by 2.35-5.09,which were higher than the rate of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction in HA-only systems,indicating that the hematite played a crucial role in the bioreduction process of Cr(Ⅵ).EAC and quinonoid structures played a major role in enhancing the bioreduction of Cr(Ⅵ)when iron mineral and compost-derived HAs coexisted in the *** results can extend the application fields of compost and will provide a new insight for the remediation of Cr(Ⅵ)-contaminated soil.

关键词： Bioreduction Hexavalent chromium Composting Humic acids Hematite

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The removal of phosphate in rural domestic wastewater with a SBBR by micro-bubble technology 6

The removal of phosphate in rural domestic wastewater with a...

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6th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering, ICMSE 2018

作者： Lv, Ningqing Li, Tongtong Liu, Hui Xie, Yuanyuan Xi, Beidou Wang, Jinsheng Wang, Lei Zhang, Ying State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Shenzhen Long Cheng High-tech Environmental Protections Co. Ltd. Shenzhen Guangdong518063 China

Because of the large content of organic matter as well as nitrogen, the competition between phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) was serious in wastewater. This phenomenon led to biological phosphate removal in a SBBR with micro-bubble technology was not quite effective. Meanwhile, it can be concluded that the high dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen(NH4+), sludge solubilization affect the biological phosphate removal seriously. This paper was aimed to provide some information's to improve the phosphate removal in the next step. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Dissolved oxygen

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Degradation of methylene blue in micro-bubbles activated sodium persulfate system 6

Degradation of methylene blue in micro-bubbles activated sod...

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6th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering, ICMSE 2018

作者： Wang, Lei Li, Tongtong Liu, Hui Lv, Ningqing Xi, Beidou Wang, Jinsheng Xie, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ying State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Shenzhen Long Cheng High-tech Environmental Protections Co. Ltd. Shenzhen Guangdong518063 China

To better understand the promoting effect of the activation process, the performance of micro-bubbles for sodium persulfate activation was evaluated in this study. The degradation rate reached to 91.3% at 90th min in the micro-bubbles activated reactor (MAR), whereas reached to 85.7% at 250th min in the high temperature activated reactor (HTAR). Based on the fitted models, it can be indicated that the reaction rate constant was 2.45 times in the micro-bubbles activated reactor than that in the high temperature activated reactor. It can be concluded that micro-bubbles can effectively strengthen the activation process of sodium persulfate. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Degradation

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Inhibition of bromate formation by reduced graphene oxide supported cerium dioxide during ozonation of bromidecontaining water

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第6期13卷 81-89页

作者： Bei Ye Zhuo Chen Xinzheng Li Jianan Liu Qianyuan Wu Cheng Yang Hongying Hu Ronghe Wang Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyGraduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Division of Energy and Environment Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Ozone(O3)is widely used in drinking water disinfection and wastewater ***,when applied to bromide-containing water,ozone induces the formation of bromate,which is *** previous study found±at graphene oxide(GO)can enhance the degradation efficiency of micropollutants during ***,in this study,GO was found to promote bromate formation during ozonation of bromide-containing waters,with bromate yields from the O3/GO process more than twice those obtained using ozone *** promoted bromate formation was attributed to increased hydroxyl radical production,as confirmed by the significant reduction(almost 75%)in bromate yield after adding t-butanol(TBA).Cerium oxide(less tfian 5 mg/L)supported on reduced GO(xCeO2/RGO)significantly inhibited bromate formation during ozonation compared with reduced GO alone,and the optimal Ce atomic percentage(x)was determined to be 0.36%,achieving an inhibition rate of approximately 73%.Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra indicated the transformation of GO into RGO after hydrothermal treatment,and transmission electron microscope(TEM)results showed that CeO2 nanoparticles were well dispersed on the RGO *** X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)spectra results demonstrated that the Ce^3+/Ce^4+ratio in xCeO2/RGO was almost 3-4 times higher than that in pure CeO2,which might be attributed to the charge transfer effect from GO to ***,Ce+on thexCeO2/RGO surface could quench Br-and BrO-to further inhibit bromate ***,0.36CeO2/RGO could also enhance the degradation efficiency of N,N-diethyl-zn-toluamide(DEET)in synthetic and reclaimed water during ozonation.

关键词： Bromate Catalytic ozonation Graphene oxide Cerium dioxide

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