This study evaluates the effect of the LEZ in Beijing from the perspective of vehicle emission reduction based on developing an urban street-scale vehicle emission inventory on the basis of the local emission factors ...
This study evaluates the effect of the LEZ in Beijing from the perspective of vehicle emission reduction based on developing an urban street-scale vehicle emission inventory on the basis of the local emission factors and the dynamic or static traffic data via a bottom-up approach. In 2016, before the implementation of the LEZ, the vehicle emission of CO, HC, NOx, and PM were 49.01×104, 6.31×104, 5.96×104, and 0.12×104 t, respectively. According to the simulation results, the LEZ policy would have an obviously positive effect on emission reduction, especially for CO and HC. In order to realize the long-term mitigation target, it is necessary to update and amend the detailed terms of the LEZ policy regularly according to the traffic development and vehicle emission change.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with high surface area and tunable chemical structures have attracted tremendous attention. Recently, the utilization of solar energy for CO 2 conversion to produce valuable chemicals ...
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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with high surface area and tunable chemical structures have attracted tremendous attention. Recently, the utilization of solar energy for CO 2 conversion to produce valuable chemicals or fuels has become extremely appealing. The interior of MOFs can be designed to have defects, heteroatoms and embedded nanoscale metal catalysts for the development of CO 2 conversion. In this review, the recent development of MOFs‐based catalysts for CO 2 conversion reactions, including photocatalysis and electrocatalysis are summarized. In particular, the preparation and mechanism of CO 2 conversion‐based MOFs are discussed. The examples are expected to provide deeper understanding in preparing highly active and stable MOFs‐based CO 2 conversion materials.
Heavy metals, notably Pb2+and Cu2+, are some of the most persistent contaminants found in groundwater. Frequent monitoring of these metals, which relies on efficient, sensitive, cost-effective, and reliable methods, i...
Heavy metals, notably Pb2+and Cu2+, are some of the most persistent contaminants found in groundwater. Frequent monitoring of these metals, which relies on efficient, sensitive, cost-effective, and reliable methods, is a necessity. We present a nanocomposite-based miniaturized electrode for the concurrent measurement of Pb2+and Cu2+by exploiting the electroanalytical technique of square wave *** also propose a facile in situ hydrothermal calcination method to directly grow binder-free mesoporous Ni O on a three-dimensional nickel foam, which is then electrochemically seeded with gold nanoparticles（Au NPs）. The meticulous design of a low-barrier Ohmic contact between mesoporous Ni O and Au NPs facilitates target-mediated nanochannel-confined electron transfer within mesoporous Ni O. As a result, the heavy metals Pb2+(0.020 mg.L-1detection limit; 2.0–16.0 mg.L-1detection range)and Cu2+(0.013 mg.L-1detection limit; 0.4–12.8 mg.L-1detection range) can be detected simultaneously with high precision. Furthermore, other heavy metal ions and common interfering ions found in groundwater showed negligible impacts on the electrode's performance, and the recovery rate of groundwater samples varied between 96.3% ± 2.1% and 109.4% ± 0.6%. The compactness, flexible shape, low power consumption, and ability to remotely operate our electrode pave the way for onsite detection of heavy metals in groundwater, thereby demonstrating the potential to revolutionize the field of environmental monitoring.
Background Adoption of electric vehicles has the potential to reduce air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions, hence China has implemented policies incentivising use of electric vehicles. However, much is unknown ab...
Background Adoption of electric vehicles has the potential to reduce air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions, hence China has implemented policies incentivising use of electric vehicles. However, much is unknown about the potential air quality and public health benefits of electric vehicles, including optimal vehicle type prioritisation and the vehicles' ability to reduce acute health impacts due to extreme air quality events. We aimed to assess the potential climate and acute public health benefits of use of electric vehicles during an extreme winter air pollution event. Methods In this modelling study, we used the Weather Research Forecast and Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System air quality model to simulate the interplay between weather and atmospheric chemistry. We used this model to examine potential co-benefits of electric vehicle adoption during an extreme pollution episode in China. We simulated heavy-duty and light-duty electric vehicle adoption scenarios, in which 40% of the population adopted a heavy-duty or light-duty passenger electric vehicle, re-mapped battery power needs to energy generation facilities, and characterised differences in public health outcomes using China-specific concentration-response functions. Findings We found that widespread adoption of heavy-duty electric vehicles would reduces nitric oxide and fine particulate matter resulting in 562 (95% CI 410–723) fewer premature acute deaths than the non-electrified baseline scenario. However, widespread adoption of heavy-duty electric vehicles does not reduce carbon dioxide emissions without the addition of emission-free electricity generation. By contrast, widespread adoption of light-duty electric vehicles robustly reduces greenhouse gas emissions, but results in lesser air quality improvements and fewer premature deaths avoided (145 [95% CI 38–333]) than the heavy-duty scenario. Economic effects of human health endpoints and carbon dioxide reductions for adoption of ligh
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