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Landfill depths alter microbial community structure and ecological assembly by affecting δ 13 C and organic matter

Waste Management 2025年 203卷 114881页

作者： Yu-Xin Wang Qing-Yu Liu Jun-Yan Du Hao-Qun Sha Jing Su Yue Sun Jing-Ying Mao Xiao-Song He State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Ministry of Ecology and Environment Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection Nanning Guangxi China

Microorganisms are crucial for the degradation of organic matter during landfill. However, the processes of microbial community assembly and ecological niche in landfill are poorly understood. Here, the mechanisms underlying microbial assembly in landfill were investigated based on neutral theory, niche distribution and network analysis. The results showed that moisture and potassium in the landfilled wastes increased with depth, while organic matter and δ 13 C were significantly higher in the middle layer than in the surface and bottom layers ( P < 0.05). The richness and diversity of bacteria were significantly greater in the surface layer compared to the middle and bottom layers ( P < 0.05), with moisture content, organic matter, total nitrogen and δ 15 N significantly influencing bacterial community composition. Deterministic processes over stochastic processes were pronounced in the surface layer, with the latter accounting only for 3.8 %. As landfill depth increased, variations in organic matter composition led to a greater influence of stochastic processes (52.7 %), while deterministic processes accounted for only 5.8 %. The niche breadth of abundant taxa was narrower than conditionally rare or abundant taxa, with their distribution primarily regulated by waste δ 13 C ( P < 0.05), indicating greater environmental sensitivity. The niche overlap of microbial communities was lower in the surface layer, with the proportion of groups with high niche overlap being 2.69 times and 1.69 times higher in the middle and bottom layers. This study provided the first analysis of microbial niche dynamics across landfill depths, revealing critical interactions between δ 13 C driven organic matter availability and stochastic assembly processes.

关键词： Community assembly Landfill Microorganisms Niche breadth Niche overlap index

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Estimation of the radionuclide distribution in sediment in coast area

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 398-400页

作者： SHEN Zhen-yao YANG Zhi-feng LI Wei-juan NI Shi-wei YAO Lang-gen CAI Yuan Institute of Environmental Science Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlBeijing 100875China China Institute for Radiation Protection Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation Environmental SimulationTaiyuan 030006China

The study of the radionuelide distribution in sediment is a very important aspect in environmental impact of the low level radioactive liquid waste (LLW) from coastal nuclear facilities or nuclear power plant. Even now we do not know much about it. In this paper, a simple and useful method is put forward and it is used to estimate the nuclide distribution in sediment. The result showed that the LLW from nuclear facility or nuclear power plant will do a little harm to the sediment nearby. But the harm is not very serious. Much works have to be done before full understanding of the situation.

关键词： radionuclide coast area deposit characteristic sediment

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Progress of Air pollution control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological Civilization Era

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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 1423-1431页

作者： Xi Lu Shaojun Zhang Jia Xing Yunjie Wang Wenhui Chen Dian Ding Ye Wu Shuxiao Wang Lei Duan Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

China’s past economic growth has substantially relied on fossil fuels,causing serious air pollution *** economic growth and pollution has become the focus in developing ecological civilization in *** have analyzed the three-decade progress of air pollution controls in China,highlighting a strategic transformation from emission control toward air quality *** control of sulfur dioxide(SO2)resolved the deteriorating acid rain issue in China in *** 2013,control actions on multiple precursors and sectors have targeted the reduction of the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM2.5),marking a transition to an air-quality-oriented *** ozone(O3)pollution further requires O3 and PM2.5 integrated control strategies with an emphasis on their complex photochemical *** improvement of air quality in China,as a key indicator for the success of ecological civilization construction,demands the deep de-carbonization of China’s energy system as well as more synergistic pathways to address air pollution and global climate change simultaneously.

关键词： Air pollution control Ecological civilization PM2.5 Low-carbon development Ozone

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Response of ammonia-oxidizing archaea to heavy metal contamination in freshwater sediment

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 392-399页

作者： Ningning Li Yao Chen Zhengke Zhang Sha Chang Dawei Huang Sili Chen Qingwei Guo Shuguang Xie Yongxin Bing State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES) Ministry of Environment Protection (MEP)

It has been well-documented that the distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) and archaea(AOA) in soils can be affected by heavy metal contamination, whereas information about the impact of heavy metal on these ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in freshwater sediment is still lacking. The present study explored the change of sediment ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in a freshwater reservoir after being accidentally contaminated by industrial discharge containing high levels of metals. Bacterial amoA gene was found to be below the quantitative PCR detection and was not successfully amplified by conventional PCR. The number of archaeal amoA gene in reservoir sediments were 9.62 × 10~2–1.35 × 10~7 copies per gram dry sediment. AOA abundance continuously decreased, and AOA richness, diversity and community structure also considerably varied with time. Therefore, heavy metal pollution could have a profound impact on freshwater sediment AOA community. This work could expand our knowledge of the effect of heavy metal contamination on nitrification in natural ecosystems.

关键词： Ammonia-oxidizing archaea Freshwater sediment Heavy metal Nitrosopumilus

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Lignin-phenol monomers govern the pyrolytic conversion of natural biomass from lignocellulose to products

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第4期8卷 110-118页

作者： Hualing Hu Wenbing Tan Beidou Xi State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China

The effect of the interaction between lignin-phenol monomers and holocellulose in natural biomass on the distribution of pyrolysis products remains *** results of this study showed that the interaction between lignin and holocellulose during the pyrolysis of natural biomass became more pronounced as the pyrolysis temperature *** interaction between lignin and holocellulose in the natural crosslinked structure promoted the generation of CO and inhibited the generation of CO2 at 750*** inhibited the decarboxylic reaction of hemicellulose during pyrolysis but was important for the generation of levoglucosan during cellulose *** slowed the demethoxyreaction of lignin guaiacol but promoted the removal of aliphatic hydrocarbon substituents from the aromatic *** cinnamyl phenol monomers of lignin increased the rates of change of biomass pyrolysis products with the lignin mass fraction at 400***,when the pyrolysis temperature increased to 750C,all types of lignin phenol monomers increased the rates of change of the biomass pyrolysis *** results provide new insights that have implications for the development of pyrolysis techniques for the resource recycling of various types of biomass for the preparation of high-grade gaseous and liquid fuels.

关键词： Natural biomass Pyrolysis Lignin monomers Holocellulose Original interaction

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The “neighbor avoidance effect” of microplastics on bacterial and fungal diversity and communities in different soil horizons

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第4期8卷 13-21页

作者： Hong Yu Ying Zhang Wenbing Tan State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing100012China

Microplastics are a new type of environmental pollutant,and pose a serious threat to soil *** is important to study microplastics effects on soil microorganisms to better understand their effects on terrestrial ***,we collected soil and microplastic samples from corn,pepper,peanut and cucumber fields in Shunyi District,Beijing,China,and used Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze bacterial and fungal community composition and *** focused on microplastic surface and its surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil in the 0e10 cm(humus)and 10e20 cm(eluvial)deep *** richness and diversity on microplastic surface were significantly lower than those in surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil,and microbial richness and diversity were reduced to a greater extent in the humus horizon than in the eluvial *** likely enriched the microbes involved in their *** relative abundance levels of Cyanobacteria and Basidiomycota on microplastic surfaces were significantly higher than those in surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil,while the relative abundance levels of Acidobacteria,Chloreflexi,and Mortierellomycota were higher in“rhizosphere-like”***,the relative abundance levels of pathways related to human diseases,animal pathogen,and fungal parasites were significantly higher on microplastic surfaces than in“rhizosphere-like”*** results show that the microbial diversity,richness,community structure and function between microplastic surfaces and surrounding“rhizosphere-like”soil are significantly different,leading to a“rhizosphere-like neighbor avoidance effect”between microplastic surfaces and the surrounding soil.

关键词： Microplastics Microbial diversity Community structure Rhizosphere Metabolic function

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Effect of different molecular weight organic components on the increase of microbial growth potential of secondary effluent by ozonation

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2190-2197页

作者： Xin Zhao Hong-Ying Hu Tong Yu Chang Su Haochi Jiang Shuming Liu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University College of Environment and Resources Inner Mongolia University

Ozonation has been widely applied in advanced wastewater treatment. In this study, the effect of ozonation on assimilable organic carbon （AOC） levels in secondary effluents was investigated, and AOC variation of different molecular weight （MW） organic components was analyzed. Although the removal efflciencies were 47%-76% and 94%-100% for UV2s4 and color at ozone dosage of 10 mg/L, dissolved organic carbon （DOC） in secondary effluents was hardly removed by ozonation. The AOC levels increased by 70%-780% at an ozone dosage range of 1-10 mg/L. AOC increased significantly in the instantaneous ozone demand phase, and the increase in AOC was correlated to the decrease in UV254 during ozonation. The results of MW distribution showed that, ozonation led to the transformation of larger molecules into smaller ones, but the increase in low MW （〈1 kDa） fraction did not contribute much to AOC production. The change of high MW （〉100 kDa and 10-100 kDa） fractions itself during ozonation was the main reason for the increase of AOC levels. Furthermore, the oxidation of organic matters with high MWs （〉 100 kDa and 10-100 kDa） resulted in more AOC production than those with low MWs （1-10 kDa and 〈1 kDa）. The results indicated that removing large molecules in secondary effluents could limit the increase of AOC during ozonation.

关键词： Wastewater reclamation and reuse Ozonation Assimilable organic carbon (AOC)Molecular weight distribution Biological stability

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Spatial and temporal variation of haze in China from 1961 to 2012

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 134-146页

作者： Rui Han Shuxiao Wang Wenhai Shen Jiandong Wang Kang Wu Zhihua Ren Mingnong Feng National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University

The purpose of this study is to analyze the climatic characteristics and long-term spatial and temporal variations of haze occurrence in China. The impact factors of haze trends are also discussed. Meteorological data from 1961 to 2012 and daily PM10 concentrations from2003 to 2012 were employed in this study. The results indicate that the annual-average hazy days at all stations have been increasing rapidly from 4 days in 1961 to 18 days in 2012. The maximum number of haze days occur in winter（41.1%） while the minimum occur in summer（10.4%）. During 1961-2012, the high occurrence areas of haze shifted from central to south and east regions of China. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei（Jing-Jin-Ji） region, Shanxi,Shaanxi, and Henan Province are the high occurrence areas for haze, while the Yangtze River Delta（YRD） and the Pearl River Delta（PRD） have become regions with high haze occurrences in the last 25 years. Temperature and pressure are positively correlated with the number of haze days. However, wind, relative humidity, precipitation, and sunshine duration are negatively correlated with the number of haze days. The key meteorological factors affecting the formation and dissipation of haze vary for high and low altitudes, and are closely related to anthropogenic activities. In recent years, anthropogenic activities have played a more important role in haze occurrences compared with meteorological factors.

关键词： China Haze Spatial distribution Interannual trend Meteorological factors Anthropogenic activities

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The risk factors and threshold level of subchronic inhalation exposure of reclaimed water

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 639-650页

作者： Jiayang Kong Yun Lu Yunru Ren Menghao Chen Gang Liu Liangliang Shi State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Inhalation of reclaimed water is known to cause lung infammation,and free endotoxins have been shown to be a major risk factor for acute *** exposure has also been shown to induce infammatory responses with visible tissue ***,subchronic risk factors have yet to be identified,and a threshold for the protection of occupational populations during urban reuse is *** this study,potential risk factors in reclaimed water were examined by subchronic exposure with fractionated reclaimed water,and the health risk threshold was tested with a series of diluted reclaimed ***,following a 12-week exposure,macromolecules and microorganisms were found to be two major risk factors in reclaimed water that could cause pulmonary infammation,including increased proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchoalveolar fuid,formation of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue,and elevation of Immunoglobulin A ***,infammation persisted after a 4-week recovery *** calculated threshold of reclaimed water exposure for mice was 31.8 Endotoxin Unit(EU)/(kg·day)under when exposed to 50%additional relative humidity from reclaimed water at 25℃ for 2 hr/***,the subchronic threshold estimate for humans under the same exposure conditions was found to be 12.2 EU/(kg·day),corresponding to endotoxin levels of 61.7 EU/mL in reclaimed *** threshold level of endotoxin was lower than that in most non-potable reclaimed *** findings of this study suggest that occupational exposure of reclaimed water can serve as a potential risk to workers.

关键词： Reclaimed water Inhalation exposure Risk factor Threshold Infammation Endotoxin

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Evaluation of the technoeconomic feasibility of electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production for decentralized water treatment

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 31-45页

作者： Yang Li Yixin Zhang Guangshen Xia Juhong Zhan Gang Yu Yujue Wang School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlBeijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This study evaluated the feasibility of electrochemical hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)production with gas diffusion electrode(GDE)for decentralized water *** black-polytetrafluoroethylene GDEs were prepared and tested in a continuous flow electrochemical cell for H2O2 production from oxygen *** showed that because of the effective oxygen transfer in GDEs,the electrode maintained high apparent current efficiencies(ACEs,>80%)for H_(2)O_(2) production over a wide current density range of 5–400 mA/cm^(2),and H_(2)O_(2) production rates as high as~202 mg/h/cm^(2) could be ***-term stability test showed that the GDE maintained high ACEs(>85%)and low energy consumption(<10 kWh/kg H2O2)for H_(2)O_(2) production for 42 d(~1000 h).However,the ACEs then decreased to~70%in the following 4 days because water flooding of GDE pores considerably impeded oxygen transport at the late stage of the *** on an electrode lifetime of 46 days,the overall cost for H2O2 production was estimated to be~0.88$/kg H_(2)O_(2),including an electricity cost of 0.61$/kg and an electrode capital cost of 0.27$/*** a 9 cm^(2) GDE and 40 mA/cm^(2) current density,~2–4 mg/L of H2O2 could be produced on site for the electro-peroxone treatment of a 1.2 m^(3)/d groundwater flow,which considerably enhanced ibuprofen abatement compared with ozonation alone(~43%–59%vs.7%).These findings suggest that electrochemical H_(2)O_(2) production with GDEs holds great promise for the development of compact treatment technologies for decentralized water treatment at a household and community level.

关键词： Advanced oxidation process Electro-peroxone Gas diffusion electrode Hydrogen peroxide Oxygen reduction

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