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Vertical profiles of biogenic volatile organic compounds as observed online at a tower in Beijing

Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 33-42页

作者： Huina Zhang Yanli Zhang Zhonghui Huang WJoe FActon Zhaoyi Wang Eiko Nemitz Ben Langford Neil Mullinger Brian Davison Zongbo Shi Di Liu Wei Song Weiqiang Yang Jianqiang Zeng Zhenfeng Wu Pingqing Fu Qiang Zhang Xinming Wang State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control South China Institute of Environmental ScienceMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510655China Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQUK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh EH260QBUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Vertical profiles of isoprene and monoterpenes were measured by a proton transfer reactiontime of flight-mass spectrometry(PTR-ToF-MS) at heights of 3,15,32,64,and 102 m above the ground on the Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP) tower in central Beijing during the winter of 2016 and the summer of *** mixing ratios were larger in summer due to much stronger local emissions whereas monoterpenes were lower in summer due largely to their consumption by much higher levels of *** mixing ratios were the highest at the 32 m in summer(1.64±0.66 ppbV) and at 15 m in winter(1.41±0.64 ppbV) with decreasing concentrations to the ground and to the 102 m,indicating emission from the tree canopy of the surrounding *** mixing ratios were the highest at the 3 m height in both the winter(0.71±0.42 ppbV) and summer(0.16±0.10 ppbV) with a gradual decreasing trend to 102 m,indicting an emission from near the ground *** lowest isoprene and monoterpene mixing ratios all occurred at 102 m,which were 0.71±0.42 ppbV(winter) and 1.35±0.51 ppbV(summer) for isoprene,and 0.42±0.22 ppbV(winter) and0.07±0.06 ppbV(summer) for *** in the summer and monoterpenes in the winter,as observed at the five heights,showed significant mutual *** the winter monoterpenes were positively correlated with combustion tracers CO and acetonitrile at 3 m,suggesting possible anthropogenic sources.

关键词： winter Vertical mixing

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Optimization of water-urban-agricultural-ecological land use pattern:A case study of Guanzhong Basin in the southern Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province,China

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 480-493页

作者： Sai Wang Bin Wu Hai-xue Li Min-min Zhao Lei Yuan Xi Wu Tao Ma Fu-cheng Li Shuang-bao Han Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China Center for Groundwater Exploration and Development Engineering Research China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan430078China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic ScienceChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430078China

Extensive land use will cause many environmental *** is an urgent task to improve land use efficiency and optimize land use *** recent years,due to the flow decrease,the Guanzhong Basin in Shaanxi Province is confronted with the problem of insufficient water resources *** on the Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model(GSFLOW),this paper evaluates the response of water resources in the basin to changes in land use patterns,optimizes the land use pattern,improves the ecological and economic benefits,and the efficiency of various spatial development,providing a reference for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River *** research shows that the land use pattern in the Guanzhong Basin should be further *** the condition of considering ecological and economic development,the percentage change of the optimum area of farmland,forest,grassland,water area,and urban area compared with the current land use area ratio is+2.3,+2.4,-6.1,+0.2,and+1.6,*** economic and ecological value of land increases by14.1%and 3.1%,respectively,and the number of water resources can increase by 2.5%.

关键词： Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model(GSFLOW) Land use patterns Water resources optimization Ecological and economic benefits Coupling model Hydrological environmental engineering Guanzhong Basin Southern Loess Plateau Yellow River basin

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Responses of Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition to Nh3 Emission Abatement in the Yangtze River Delta, China

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Dong, Zhaoxin Wang, Shuxiao Xing, Jia Ding, Dian Ge, Xiaodong Zheng, Haotian Jiang, Yueqi An, Jingyu Huang, Cheng Duan, Lei Jiming, Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084 China Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Helsinki00014 Finland State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai200233 China

NH 3 emission control has proven to be of great importance in reducing PM 2.5 concentrations in China, while how it affects nitrogen/sulfur (N/S) deposition is still unclear. This study developed a new response surface model to quantify the responses of N/S deposition to NH 3 emission control in the Yangtze River Delta, China. NH 3 control was found to have higher efficiency in reducing N/S deposition than NO x and SO 2 alone. The reduced N deposition response to NH 3 emission abatement was higher in the northern part of the YRD region, whereas oxidized N deposition decreased sharply in the region with a low N critical load. An unexpected cobenefit was found in reducing N deposition when we controlled the NH 3 and NO x emissions simultaneously. Compared with the sum effect of individual NH 3 and NO x emission abatement, the extra benefits from the synergy controls accounted for 4.4% (1.23 kg N·ha -1 ·yr -1 ) of the total N deposition, of which 81% came from the oxidized N deposition. The YRD region could receive the largest cobenefits with a 1:1 ratio of NO x :NH 3 emission reduction. The NH 3 emission control also changed the ratio of wet S deposition to dry S deposition and mitigated wet S deposition. These findings highlight the effectiveness of NH 3 emission control and suggest a multiple pollutant control strategy for reducing N/S deposition, which may also be appropriate for other regions in China and other countries. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Investigating the Transport Mechanism of PM2.5 pollution during January 2014 in Wuhan, Central China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第11期36卷 1217-1234,I0012-I0017页

作者： Miaomiao LU Xiao TANG Zifa WANG Lin WU Xueshun CHEN Shengwen LIANG Hui ZHOU Huangjian WU Ke HU Longjiao SHEN Jia YU Jiang ZHU State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center Wuhan 430015 China Hunan Meteorological Observatory Changsha 410118 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Severe haze pollution that occurred in January 2014 in Wuhan was investigated. The factors leading to Wuhan’s PM2.5 pollution and the characteristics and formation mechanism were found to be significantly different from other megacities, like Beijing. Both the growth rates and decline rates of PM2.5 concentrations in Wuhan were lower than those in Beijing, but the monthly PM2.5 value was approximately twice that in Beijing. Furthermore, the sharp increases of PM2.5 concentrations were often accompanied by strong winds. A high-precision modeling system with an online source-tagged method was established to explore the formation mechanism of five haze episodes. The long-range transport of the polluted air masses from the North China Plain (NCP) was the main factor leading to the sharp increases of PM2.5 concentrations in Wuhan, which contributed 53.4% of the monthly PM2.5 concentrations and 38.5% of polluted days. Furthermore, the change in meteorological conditions such as weakened winds and stable weather conditions led to the accumulation of air pollutants in Wuhan after the long-range transport. The contribution from Wuhan and surrounding cities to the PM2.5 concentrations was determined to be 67.4% during this period. Under the complex regional transport of pollutants from surrounding cities, the NCP, East China, and South China, the five episodes resulted in 30 haze days in Wuhan. The findings reveal important roles played by transregional and intercity transport in haze formation in Wuhan.

关键词： haze pollution regional transport Wuhan North China Plain source-tagged method

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One-year observation of the mixing states of oxygenated organics-containing single particles in Guangzhou,China

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 155-169页

作者： Liyuan Mao Suxia Yang Xiaoya Cheng Sulin Liu Duanying Chen Zhen Zhou Mei Li Chenglei Pei Chunlei Cheng Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for the On-line Source Apportionment System of Air PollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou510632China Guangzhou Research Institute of Environment Protection Co. Ltd.Guangzhou510620China Guangzhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province Guangzhou510030China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy SciencesXi’an710061China

Oxygenated organic molecules(OOMs)play an important role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs),but the mixing states of OOMs are still *** study investigates the mixing states of OOM-containing single particles from the measurements taken using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in Guangzhou,China in ***,the particle counts of OOM particles and the mass concentration of secondary organic carbon(SOC)exhibited similar temporal trends throughout the entire *** OOM particles were consistently enriched in secondary ions,including ^(16)O^(−),^(26)CN^(−),^(46)NO_(2)^(−),^(62)NO_(3)^(−),and ^(97)HSO_(4)^(−).In contrast,the number fractions and diurnal patterns of OOM particles among the total detected particles showed similar distributions in August and October;however,the SOC ratios in fine particulate matter were quite different,suggesting that there were different mixing states of single-particle oxygenated *** addition,further classification results indicated that the OOM particles were more aged in October than August,even though the SOC ratios were higher in ***,the distribution of hydrocarbon fragments exhibited a notable decrease from January to October,emphasizing the more aged state of the organics in *** addition,the sharp increase in elemental carbon(EC)-OOM particles in the afternoon in October suggests the potential role of EC in the aging process of ***,in contrast to the bulk analysis of SOC mass concentration,the mixing states of the OOM particles provide insights into the formation process of SOAs in field studies.

关键词： Oxygenated organics Single particles Mixing state Secondary formation Photochemistry

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Biochar technology cannot offset land carbon emissions in Guangdong province, China

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Carbon Research 2024年第1期3卷 1-14页

作者： Wang, Funing Zhou, Wenneng Wang, Xili Zhao, Qing Han, Mengjie State Key Lab of Clean Energy Utilization Institute of Carbon Neutrality State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang University Jiaxing314000 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds School of Ecology Environment and Resources Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Economic & amp Information center Zhejiang310006 China Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangzhou510650 China National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangzhou510650 China

As a highly developed region, Guangdong province has substantial industrial emissions. Its subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by abundant hydrothermal conditions, contributes to a substantial biomass potential. The adoption of potential biomass-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies, such as biochar, presents an opportunity to mitigate emissions and work towards carbon neutrality in the future. However, the current state of the land carbon balance and the CDR potential of biochar in Guangdong province remains unclear. We first calculated the land carbon balance based on inventory data. Then we estimated the CDR potential of biochar derived from agricultural residues, forestry residues, and bioenergy crops cultivated on marginal lands in Guangdong province using life cycle analysis (LCA). Results show that Guangdong province has not yet achieved carbon neutrality, with a net emission (carbon emissions remaining after offsetting by carbon sinks) of 925.63 Tg CO2e (CO2 equivalent, 1Tg = 106 t) in 2021. Emissions from energy consumption account for the highest proportion, contributing 83.8% of total emissions. In the highest biomass utilization scenario, the maximum CDR potential of biochar derived from all biomass types reaches 84.30 Tg CO2e yr-1, which could offset 9.11% of net carbon emissions in Guangdong province. Our findings provide crucial guidance for setting emission reduction targets and implementing effective mitigation strategies in Guangdong province under temperature warming. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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An inversion model based on GEOS-Chem for estimating global and China's terrestrial carbon fluxes in 2019

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第1期14卷 49-61页

作者： Chong-Yuan WU Xiao-Ye ZHANG Li-Feng GUO Jun-Ting ZHONG De-Ying WANG Chang-Hong MIAO Xiang GAO Xi-Liang ZHANG Monitoring and Assessment Center for GHGs and Carbon&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Science Zhejiang Meteorological BureauHangzhou 310017China Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories added the method of assimilating atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations to invert carbon sources and sinks;however,many global carbon inversion models are not publicly *** addition,our regional assimilation inversion system,CCMVS-R(China Carbon Monitoring,Verification and Supporting for Regional),needs a global carbon inversion model with higher assimilation efficiency to provide boundary ***,an inversion model based on the global atmospheric chemistry model GEOS-Chem and a more accurate and easier-to-implement ensemble square root Kalman filter(EnSRF)algorithm is constructed and used to infer global and China's carbon fluxes in *** CO_(2) concentrations from ObsPack sites and five additional CO_(2) observational sites from China's Greenhouse Gas Observation Network(CGHGNET)were used for data assimilation to improve the *** inverted annual global terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptake is 2.12 and 2.53 Pg C per year,respectively,accounting for 21.1%and 25.1%of global fossil fuel CO_(2) *** remaining 5.41 Pg C per year in the atmosphere is consistent with the global atmospheric CO_(2) growth rates of 5.44 Pg C per year reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),showing that the inversion model can provide a reasonable estimate of global-scale natural carbon *** inverted terrestrial carbon sink of China is 0.37 Pg C per year,accounting for approximately 13%of China's fossil CO_(2) emissions.

关键词： CO_(2) Data assimilation EnSRF GEOS-Chem Terrestrial carbon fluxes

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Molecular Tracers, Mass Spectral Tracers and Oxidation of Organic Aerosols Emitted from Cooking and Fossil Fuel Burning sources

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liang, Chengrui Wang, Shuxiao Hu, Ruolan Huang, Guanghan Xie, Jinzi Zhao, Bin Li, Yuyang Zhu, Wenfei Guo, Song Jiang, Jingkun Hao, Jiming State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084 China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) composes a substantial fraction of atmospheric particles, yet the formation and aging mechanism of SOA remains unclear. Here we investigate the initial oxidation of primary organic aerosol (POA) and further aging of SOA in winter Beijing by using aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements along with offline molecular tracer analysis. ME-2 source apportionment was conducted to capture the characteristic of source-related SOA, and connect them with specific POA. Our results show that urban cooking and fossil fuel burning sources contribute significantly (17% and 20%) to total organic aerosol (OA) in winter Beijing. Molecular tracer analysis by GC×GC reveals that cooking SOA (CSOA) is produced through both photooxidation and aqueous-phase processing, while less oxidized SOA (LO-SOA) is the photooxidation product of fossil fuel burning OA (FFOA) and may experience aqueous-phase aging to form more-oxidized oxygenated OA (MO-OOA). Furthermore, C 3 HO 2 + and C 4 H 5 O 2 + are mass spectral tracers indicating the initial photooxidation, while CH 2 O + and C 2 H 2 O 2 + imply further aqueous-phase aging of OA. Tracer analysis indicates that the formation of diketones dominates the initial photooxidation of POA, while the formation of glyoxal and diacids dominates the further aqueous-phase aging of SOA. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photooxidation

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Degradation behaviors of Nabumetone and its metabolite during UV/monochloramine process:Experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 103-114页

作者： Xiang Tu Yunsong Bai Qing Fu Sheng Chang Kunfeng Zhang Yang Pan Ruiyang Xiao Yifu Fu Qi Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source ProtectionResearch Centre of Lake EnvironmentNational Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological RestorationChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Institute of Environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

This study investigated degradation behaviors of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nabumetone(NMT)and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid(MNA)in the coupling process of ultraviolet and monochloramine(UV/NH2Cl).The second-order rate constants of the contaminants reacting with reactive radicals(HO·,Cl·,Cl_(2)·-,and CO_(3)·^(-))were determined by laser flash photolysis ***·and Cl·contributed predominantly with 52.3%and 21.7%for NMT degradation and 60.8%and 22.3%for MNA *** presence of chlorides retarded the degradation of NMT,while promoted the destruction of MNA,which was ascribed to the photosensitization effects of MNA under UV *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that radical adduct formation(RAF)was dominant pathway for both HO·and Cl·reacting with the contaminants,and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)preferred to occur on side chains of NMT and *** reacted with NO_(2)·through single electron transfer(SET)with the second-order rate constant calculated to be 5.35×10^(7)(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1),and the contribution of NO_(2)·was predicted to be 13.0%of the total rate constant of NMT in pure water,which indicated that NO_(2)·played a nonnegligible role in the degradation of *** acute toxicity and developmental toxicity of NMT were enhanced after UV/NH_(2)Cl treatment,while those of MNA were *** transformation products of both NMT and MNA exhibited higher mutagenicity than their parent *** study provides a deep understanding of the mechanism of radical degradation of NMT and MNA in the treatment of UV/NH2Cl.

关键词： UV/NH_(2)Cl Reactive species Degradation kinetics Reaction mechanism Degradation products

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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